• KSBB Journal
• /
• 제27권1호
• /
• pp.67-74
• /
• 2012

In this study, the optimum conditions of fermentation were determined by isolating the microorganisms with the ability to bioconvert the Citrus peel flavonoid, and the effect of the fermented Citrus peel extract which was bioconverted on the oxidative damage of HIT-T15 cell was investigated. The Aureobasidium pullulans Y-12 was isolated and identified with the strains having bioconversion activity. The fermentation conditions for bioconversion activity were confirmed to be optimal when culturing for three days at $25^{\circ}C$, 150 rpm in a culture medium containing 5% Citrus peel power and 0.8% casitone. As a result of bioconversion, 32.8 mg/g and 21.5 mg/g of naringenin and hesperetin, which were aglycone flavones, were produced respectively. Also in the flavonoid content, it was confirmed that FCP produced 154.8 mg/g while CP produced 33.7 mg/g, thus producing more by approximately 4.6 times. As a result of treating FCP and CP after inducing the oxidative damage for HIT-T15 cell by treating the deoxy-D-ribose with $IC_{50}$ (38 mM) concentration, the surviving rate was recovered to 90% for FCP treatments in the 0.01 mg/mL concentration and for CP treatments in the 0.025 mg/mL concentration. Also in the insulin secretion rate, FCP treatments increased by 206% and CP treatments by 132% when treated in the 0.1 mg/mL concentration. As the bioconverted FCP can inhibit the oxidative damage of HIT-T15 cell in the low concentration, it was considered its usability as the functional material for prevention of the type 2 diabetes.

• 한국식품영양학회지
• /
• 제23권2호
• /
• pp.233-239
• /
• 2010

Phenolic acid concentrates of rice bran(RB-ex) and hydroxycinnamic acids were investigated for their anti-hyperglycemic activities through glucose uptake and glucokinase activity using HepG2 cells and stimulatory effects on insulin secretion using HIT-T15 cells. RB-ex was prepared as an ethylacetate extract after alkaline hydrolysis and hydroxycinnamic acids, found as major compositions of RB-ex, such as ferulic acid(FA), sinapic acid(SA) and p-coumaric acid(p-CA) were investigated to compare with the properties of RB-ex. The properties of glucose uptake in HepG2 cells were examined in the absence of insulin and two different glucose concentrations(5.5 mM and 25 mM). RB-ex and FA showed anti-hyperglycemic activities through the increase of glucose uptake and the stimulation of glucokinase activity in HepG2 cells. RB-ex exhibited higher glucose uptakes with higher glucose concentrations, whereas FA exhibited the same increasing effects on both concentrations of glucose. RB-ex and FA exhibited doubled glucokinase activities relative to control. In the presence of insulin in the 25 mM glucose-containing medium, the levels of glucose uptake were increased in all treatments compared with control. As stimulatory effects of samples on insulin secretion were estimated, RB-ex and FA stimulated insulin secretion at a concentration of 25 ${\mu}g/m{\ell}$ and in particular, FA showed the highest amount of insulin-release in HIT-T15 cells. Antioxidative effects on HIT-T15 cells, RB-ex and hydroxycinnamic acids, excluding p-CA, showed inhibitory activities of 78% to 80% at a concentration of 100 ${\mu}g/m{\ell}$. On the basis of these results, we conclude that RB-ex and FA could help decrease blood glucose levels and prevent the cell damages via antioxidant activity.

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한약학회 2003년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.2-2
• /
• pp.95.1-95.1
• /
• 2003

Sopungsungi-won has been used as a traditional medicine for diabetes and it has been proved evidently as a potential remedy for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Both in vivo and in vitro experiments with water extract of Sopungsungi-won have been reported to exhibit anti-diabetic effects in our previous studies. In the present study, we have chosen Rheum undulatum (RU), which is the main component of Sopungsungi-won, to examine its anti-apoptotic effect on pancreatic b-cells, HIT-T15, against oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide (H$_2$O$_2$). (omitted)

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
• /
• 제21권4호
• /
• pp.284-289
• /
• 2013

Antidiabetic and beta cell-protection activities of purple corn anthocyanins (PCA) were examined in pancreatic beta cell culture and db/db mice. Only PCA among several plant anthocyanins and polyphenols showed insulin secretion activity in culture of HIT-T15 cells. PCA had excellent antihyperglycemic activity (in terms of blood glucose level and OGTT) and HbA1c-decreasing activity when compared with glimepiride, a sulfonylurea in db/db mice. In addition, PCA showed efficient protection activity of pancreatic beta cell from cell death in HIT-T15 cell culture and db/db mice. The result showed that PCA had antidiabetic and beta cell-protection activities in pancreatic beta cell culture and db/db mice.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
• /
• 제10권1호
• /
• pp.46-51
• /
• 2005

The protective effect of Acanthopanax senticosus (AS) extract on alloxan-induced pancreatic β-cell damage was investigated in HIT T-15 cells, a Syrian hamster pancreatic β-cell line. Alloxan caused the pancreatic β-cell damage through the generation of reactive oxygen free radicals, increased DNA fragmentation, and decreased cellular NAD/sup +/ levels. The β-cell damage was significantly prevented by the pretreatment with water soluble extract of AS roots. These results suggest that the protective effect of AS extract, on alloxan-induced β-cell damage, is primarily due to the inhibition of the generation of reactive oxygen free radical species (ROS) by alloxan.

• 생명과학회지
• /
• 제20권7호
• /
• pp.1027-1033
• /
• 2010

맥문동(Liriope platyphylla)은 한국과 중국에서 전통적으로 당뇨, 비만, 뇌신경질환, 천식 등의 치료를 위해 사용 해온 치료제이다. 최근에 이들 맥문동으로부터 새로운 치료제를 개발하려는 노력이 활발히 진행 중이지만 아직도 유력한 치료후보제는 확보되지 않았다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 맥문동의 새로운 추출물을 이용하여 당뇨치료 제로서의 가능성을 평가하기 위하여 새로운 방법으로 10가지 후보물질을 추출하고 이들의 독성과 효능을 평가하였다. 그 결과 10가지 추출물 중에서 LP9M80-H가 인슐린 분비를 가장 많이 촉진하였고 다음으로는 LP-H, LP-M, LP-E과 LP9M80-C 등의 순서로 촉진을 하였으나 나머지는 인슐린 분비를 촉지하지 못하였다. 그러나 이들 물질은 인슐린 분비를 촉진하는 농도에서 강한 세포 독성을 나타내었다. 따라서 이들 물질 중에서 가장 효능이 좋은 LP9M80-H의 치료용 최적농도를 설정하였으며, 대략 100-25 ug/ml가 최적농도로 결정되었다. 이러한 결과는 맥문동 추출물 중에서 LP9M80-H가 췌장 $\beta$-세포의 인슐린 분비능을 유도하는 새로운 당뇨치료 후보물질로서 향후에 사용될 가능성을 시사하고 있다.

• 고려인삼학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 고려인삼학회 2007년도 춘계 학술대회
• /
• pp.23-24
• /
• 2007

Purpose: 인삼이 항당뇨 활성을 가진다는 연구가 많은 연구자들에 의해 진행되었고, 이는 인삼의 구성 성분 중 ginsenoside에 기인한다는 보고가 있다. 본 연구는 ginsenoside의 항당뇨 작용기전을 in vitro에서 알아보고자 3T3-L1 지방세포에서 glucose uptake와 췌장 베타세포인 HIT-T15 세포에서 insulin 분비 효과를 확인하였다. 이를 위하여 인삼을 식초로 처리한 긴삼의 70% MeOH 분획으로부터 protopanaxadiol 계인 ginsenoside $Rb_2$, $Rg_3$ 그리고 protopanaxtriol 계인 $Rg_2$를 분리하여 본 실험에 사용하였다. Method: Ginsenoside $Rb_2$, $Rg_2$, $Rg_3$가 지방 세포에서 glucose uptake에 미치는 효과를 확인하기 위하여 3T3-L1 세포를 DMEM (Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium) 배지에서 분화 유도시켰으며 3T3-L1 preadipocyte가 80% 정도 자라면 분화 유도 배지 (5% fetal bovine serum (FBS), 0.5 mM isobutylmethylxanthine (IBMX), 1 mM dexamethasone 그리고 $10{\mu}g/ml$ insulin가 포함된 DMEM)로 4일, $10{\mu}g/ml$ insulin가 포함된 DMEM으로 2일, FBS만 포함된 DMEM으로 2일 배양하여 총 8일 동안 분화를 유도하였다. 분화 유도된 3T3-L1 adipocytes 에 각각 $Rb_2$, $Rg_2$, $Rg_3$를 $20{\mu}M$로 처리하여 16시간 배양하여 low glucose DMEM에서 3시간 배양한 후에 $37^{\circ}C$에서 insulin 10 ng/ml 과 각각 $Rb_2$, $Rg_2$, $Rg_3$가 포함된 Krebs Ringer Hepes buffer(KRP buffer)에서 20분간 배양하였다. 2-deoxy-D-[$^3H$]-glucose를 넣고 10분 후에 차가운 PBS로 반응을 종결시켜 lysis buffer로 cell을 모은 후 scintillation counter를 이용하여 glucose를 측정하였다. Insulin 분비 효과는 HIT-T15 세포와 일차 배양한 흰쥐 소도세포(islets)를 사용하여 확인하였다. HIT-T15 세포는 24 well plate에 well 당 $2{\times}10^5$ 개씩 분주하여 24시간 동안 배양한 후 시료를 처리하였으며 소도 세포는 Sprague-Dawley rat의 췌장에 collagenase가 포함된 Hanks' Balanced Salt Solution(HBSS)을 주입하여 분리하고 islets을 얻었다. 분리한 소도세포를 $1{\sim}2$일 동안 배양하여 $Rb_2$, $Rg_2$, $Rg_3$가 각각 $20{\mu}M$의 농도로 첨가된 insulin 측정용 buffer인 Krebs-Ringer buffer (KRB+0.3% BSA, KRBB)에 $37^{\circ}C$에서 1시간 incubation 시킨 후 배양액으로 분비된 인슐린의 양을 측정하였다. 한편 ginsenoside의 인슐린 분비 촉진 기전을 알아보기 위한 실험에서는 ATP-sensitive $K^+$ channel opener인 diazoxide (0.5 mM)가 ginsenoside에 의해 촉진된 인슐린 분비를 억제하는지 살펴보았다. Result: glucose uptake assay 에서는 $Rg_2$가 가장 크게 glucose uptake를 증가시켰고 $Rb_2$, $Rg_3$는 그 활성이 크지 않았다. 한편 Insulin 분비 효과는 diol계인 $Rg_3$에서 용량 의존적으로 인슐린의 분비를 촉진시켰으며 $20{\mu}M$ 농도에서 대조군과 비교해 1.5배 이상의 분비 촉진 효과를 보였고 triol계인 $Rg_2$ 에서는 이러한 효과가 나타나지 않았다. $Rg_3$의 인슐린 분비 촉진 기전을 0.5 mM 의 diazoxide를 이용하여 확인한 결과 $Rg_3$에 의해 촉진된 인슐린 분비를 감소시켰다. 이로 미루어보아 $Rg_3$의 인슐린 분비 촉진 기전은 ATP-sensitive $K^+$ 채널의 봉쇄에 의한 것임을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
• /
• 제26권2호
• /
• pp.201-209
• /
• 2018

G protein-coupled receptor 119 (GPR119) is expressed in the pancreas and gastrointestinal tract, and its activation promotes insulin secretion in the beta cells of the pancreatic islets as well as the secretion of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) in intestinal L cells, consequently improving glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Due to this dual mechanism of action, the development of small-molecule GPR119 agonists has received significant interest for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. We newly synthesized 1,2,4-triazolone derivatives of GPR119 agonists, which demonstrated excellent outcomes in a cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) assay. Among the synthesized derivatives, YH18968 showed cAMP=2.8 nM; in GLUTag cell, GLP-1secretion=2.3 fold; in the HIT-T15 cell, and insulin secretion=1.9 fold. Single oral administration of YH18968 improved glucose tolerance and combined treatment with a dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitor augmented the glucose lowering effect as well as the plasma level of active GLP-1 in normal mice. Single oral administration of YH18968 improved glucose tolerance in a diet induced obese mice model. This effect was maintained after repeated dosing for 4 weeks. The results indicate that YH18968 combined with a DPP-4 inhibitor may be an effective therapeutic candidate for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• 제29권9호
• /
• pp.1717-1722
• /
• 2008

The 70 kDa heat-shock protein (Hsp70) involved in various cellular functions, such as protein folding, translocation and degradation, regulates apoptosis in cancer cells. Recently, it has been reported that the green tea flavonoid (−)-epigallocatechin 3-gallate (EGCG) induces apoptosis in numerous cancer cell lines and could inhibit the anti-apoptotic effect of human Hsp70 ATPase domain (hATPase). In the present study, docking model between EGCG and hATPase was determined using automated docking study. Epi-gallo moiety in EGCG participated in hydrogen bonds with side chain of K71 and T204, and has metal chelating interaction with hATPase. Hydroxyl group of catechin moiety also participated in metal chelating hydrogen bond. Gallate moiety had two hydrogen bondings with side chains of E268 and K271, and hydrophobic interaction with Y15. Based on this docking model, we determined two pharmacophore maps consisted of six or seven features, including three or four hydrogen bonding acceptors, two hydrogen bonding donors, and one lipophilic. We searched a flavonoid database including 23 naturally occurring flavonoids and 10 polyphenolic flavonoids with two maps, and myricetin and GC were hit by map I. Three hydroxyl groups of B-ring in myricetin and gallo moiety of GC formed important hydrogen bonds with hATPase. 7-OH of A-ring in myricetin and OH group of catechin moiety in GC are hydrogen bond donors similar to gallate moiety in EGCG. From these results, it can be proposed that myricetin and GC can be potent inhibitors of hATPase. This study will be helpful to understand the mechanism of inhibition of hATPase by EGCG and give insights to develop potent inhibitors of hATPase.

• 생명과학회지
• /
• 제18권9호
• /
• pp.1305-1311
• /
• 2008

본 연구는 바나바 잎 추출 용매에 따른 항당뇨 효과에 관한 것으로 세포 독성 실험을 통하여 인체에 대한 독성이 없음을 확인하였고 $\beta$-cell 인슐린 분비 실험을 통하여 항당뇨 효과를 알아보았다. 또한 당뇨 유발쥐를 이용한 인슐린 분비 실험, 체중변화 측정, 혈중 및 혈청의 glucose 농도, 총콜레스테롤 수치, HDL-cholesterol 농도, triglyceride 농도, free fatty acid 농도, langerhans islet에서의 인슐린 분비 의 확인을 통해 혈당조절 효과를 비교하였다. 물 혹은 에탄올을 단독으로 이용하여 추출한 추출물이나 70%, 90% 에탄올로 추출한 추출물 보다 열수로 먼저 추출한 후 에탄올로 다시 추출하여 혼합안 추출물이 항당뇨 효과가 더 뛰어남을 알 수 있었다. 이는 친수성(hydrophilic) 유효성분들과 소수성(hydrophobic) 유효성분들의 추출 유무나 함량에 의한 것이다. 특히, 많은 문헌에 언급된 코로소린산이라는 단일 성분(unique)에 의한 항당뇨 효과라기보다는 친수성 및 소수성 폴리페놀 및 항산화성분과 같은 유효성분들이 조합되어(mixture) 항당뇨 효과에 영향을 미치는 것으로 사료된다.