• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 1993년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.85-87
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• 1993

We have investigated three polyene systems, $X-(-HC=CH-)_n-Y$, where X/Y=H/H, $F/CH_3$, and $NH_2/NO_2$. We estimated asymptotic values (for $n=\infty$ of the electronic properties with $logA=a_o+a_1/(n+1)+a_2/(n+1)^2+a_3/(n+1)^3$, so that the cases n=0 can be included in that equation. Here, A can be $\mu$, $\beta$, $\alpha/(n+1)$ or $\gamma/(n+1)$. For these asymptotic values. the SCF results are more reliable due to the higher level of theory, while the PM3 results can give better trend with more data for polyene systems with longer chain length.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.87-95
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• 2001

A numerical study was made of heat transfer in locally-forced turbulent separated and reattaching flow over a backward-facing step. The local forcing was given to the flow by means of sinusoidally oscillating jet from a separation line. A Rhee and Sung version of the unsteady $\kappa$-$\varepsilon$-f(sub)u model and the diffusivity tensor heat transfer model were employed. The Reynolds number was fixed at Re(sub)H=33,000 and the forcing frequency was varied in the range 0$\leq$fH/U(sub)$\infty$$\leq$2. The condition of constant heat flux was imposed at the bottom wall. The predicted results were compared and validated with the experimental data of Chun and Sung and Vogel and Eaton. The enhancement of heat transfer in turbulent separated and reattaching flow by local forcing was evaluated and analyzed.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.437-444
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• 2005

이 논문은 비압축성 유동장에 노출된 2차원 플랩이 있는 날개의 단면에 대한 강인한 공탄성 제어기법을 소개하고 있다. 강인한 제어기는 다목적 상태궤환 합성법을 위해 선형행렬부등식을 이용하여 설계되었다. 제어기의 설계목적은 모델불확실성이 존재하는 상황에서 주파수영역에서의 성능과 시간영역에서의 성능을 함께 만족시키는 것으로 하였다. 수치예제들은 2차원-3자유도 플랩이 있는 날개 단면의 공탄성 응답을 감쇠시키는데 있어서 선형행렬부등식의 접근법의 유효성을 잘 제시하고 있다.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• 제11권1_2호
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• pp.431-436
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• 2003

Given vectors x and y in a Hilbert space, an interpolating operator is a bounded operator T such that Tx = y. An interpolating operator for n vectors satisfies the equation $Tx_i\;:\;y_i,\;for\;i\;=\;1,\;2,\;{\cdots},\;n$. In this article, we obtained the following : $Let\;x\;=\;\{x_i\}\;and\;y=\{y_\}$ be two vectors in a separable complex Hilbert space H such that $x_i\;\neq\;0$ for all $i\;=\;1,\;2;\cdots$. Let L be a commutative subspace lattice on H. Then the following statements are equivalent. (1) $sup\;\{\frac{\$\mid${\sum_{k=1}}^l\;\alpha_{\kappa}E_{\kappa}y\$\mid$}{\$\mid${\sum_{k=1}}^l\;\alpha_{\kappa}E_{\kappa}x\$\mid$}\;:\;l\;\in\;\mathbb{N},\;\alpha_{\kappa}\;\in\;\mathbb{C}\;and\;E_{\kappa}\;\in\;L\}\;<\;\infty\;and\;$\mid$y_n\$\mid$x_n$\mid$^{-1}\;=\;1\;for\;all\;n\;=\;1,\;2,\;\cdots$. (2) There exists an operator A in AlgL such that Ax = y, A is a unitary operator and every E in L reduces, A, where AlgL is a tridiagonal algebra.

• 대한수학회지
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• 제58권6호
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• pp.1461-1484
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• 2021

We deal with the following elliptic equations: $\{-div({\varphi}^{\prime}(\left|{\nabla}z\right|^2){\nabla}z)+V(x)\left|z\right|^{{\alpha}-2}z={\lambda}{\rho}(x)\left|z\right|^{r-2}z+h(x,z),\\z(x){\rightarrow}0,\;as\;\left|x\right|{\rightarrow}{\infty},$ in ℝ^N , where N ≥ 2, 1 < p < q < N, 1 < α ≤ p^*q'/p', α < q, 1 < r < min{p, α}, φ(t) behaves like t^q/2 for small t and t^p/2 for large t, and p' and q' the conjugate exponents of p and q, respectively. Here, V : ℝ^N → (0, ∞) is a potential function and h : ℝ^N × ℝ → ℝ is a Carathéodory function. The present paper is devoted to the existence of at least two distinct nontrivial solutions to quasilinear elliptic problems of Schrödinger type, which provides a concave-convex nature to the problem. The primary tools are the well-known mountain pass theorem and a variant of Ekeland's variational principle.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.210-221
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• 2000

완도연안의 비단가리비 개체군을 대상으로 자원생태학적 특성을 규명하기 위해 1998년 11월부터 1999년 10월까지 서식환경 및 밀도조사를 하였고, 패각에 나타난 윤문을 이용하여 연령과 성장을 구명하고, 생식소 난성숙비, 숙도지수의 변화, 포란수 측정 등으로부터 성숙과 산란에 대하여 조사하였다. 1. 수온 및 비중의 범위는 7.6∼25.9$^{\circ}C$, 1.0188∼l.0260였고 DO와 pH는 각각 6.48∼9.50ppm, 8.17∼8.80의 범위였다. 2. 저질상태에 따른 서식밀도는 암반과 자갈에서 28.83 마리/100㎡의 가장 높은 서식밀도를 보였고, 전체의 82,4%가 서식하였다. 3. 각장 (SL)과 각고 (SH)와의 관계는 SH=1.021SL+2.211 (R$^2$= 0.989), 각장과 전중량(TW)의 관계는 TW=$0.0003SL^{2.837}$ (R$^2$= 0.980)였다. 4. von Bertalanffy 성장식의 매개변수 추정치를 보면 이론적 최대각고($SH_{\infty}$)는 117.4mm, 성장계수 (K)는 0.612/yr, 각고가 0일 때의 이론적인 연령 ($t_{0}$)는 -0.017세였다. 5. 50% 군성숙연령은 0.21세로 이 때의 군성숙 각고는 18.3mm였다. 산란기는 6∼7월과 10월 연 2회 추정되었으며, 포란수 (Fc)에 대한 각장 (SL) 및 생식소중량 (GW)의 관계는 Fc = $697.03SL^{2.683}$ (R$^2$= 0.984), Fc =10,076,090GW + 15,608,781 (R$^2$= 0.990)로 나타났다.

• 대한수학회지
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• 제53권3호
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• pp.709-723
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• 2016

Let C[0, t] denote a generalized Wiener space, the space of real-valued continuous functions on the interval [0, t] and define a random vector $Z_n:C[0,t]{\rightarrow}{\mathbb{R}}^n$ by $Zn(x)=(\int_{0}^{t_1}h(s)dx(s),{\cdots},\int_{0}^{t_n}h(s)dx(s))$, where 0 < $t_1$ < ${\cdots}$ < $t_n$ < t is a partition of [0, t] and $h{\in}L_2[0,t]$ with $h{\neq}0$ a.e. In this paper we will introduce a simple formula for a generalized conditional Wiener integral on C[0, t] with the conditioning function $Z_n$ and then evaluate the generalized analytic conditional Wiener and Feynman integrals of the cylinder function $F(x)=f(\int_{0}^{t}e(s)dx(s))$ for $x{\in}C[0,t]$, where $f{\in}L_p(\mathbb{R})(1{\leq}p{\leq}{\infty})$ and e is a unit element in $L_2[0,t]$. Finally we express the generalized analytic conditional Feynman integral of F as two kinds of limits of non-conditional generalized Wiener integrals of polygonal functions and of cylinder functions using a change of scale transformation for which a normal density is the kernel. The choice of a complete orthonormal subset of $L_2[0,t]$ used in the transformation is independent of e and the conditioning function $Z_n$ does not contain the present positions of the generalized Wiener paths.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제52권7호
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• pp.1443-1451
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• 2020

The objective of this study is to design a robust power control system for a small pressurized water reactor (PWR) to achieve stable power operations under conditions of external disturbances and internal model uncertainties. For this purpose, the multiple-input multiple-output transfer function models of the reactor core at five power levels are derived from point reactor kinetics equations and the Mann's thermodynamic model. Using the transfer function models, five local reactor power controllers are designed using an H infinity (H_∞) mixed sensitivity method to minimize the core power disturbance under various uncertainties at the five power levels, respectively. Then a multimodel approach with triangular membership functions is employed to integrate the five local controllers into a multimodel robust control system that is applicable for the entire power range. The performance of the robust power system is assessed against 10% of full power (FP) step load increase transients with coolant inlet temperature disturbances at different power levels and large-scope, rapid ramp load change transient. The simulation results show that the robust control system could maintain satisfactory control performance and good robustness of the reactor under external disturbances and internal model uncertainties, demonstrating the effective of the robust power control design.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제53권5호
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• pp.1531-1548
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• 2016

Let C[0, t] denote the space of real-valued continuous functions on [0, t] and define a random vector $Z_n:C[0,t]{\rightarrow}\mathbb{R}^n$ by $Z_n(x)=(\int_{0}^{t_1}h(s)dx(s),{\ldots},\int_{0}^{t_n}h(s)dx(s))$, where 0 < $t_1$ < ${\cdots}$ < $ t_n=t$ is a partition of [0, t] and $h{\in}L_2[0,t]$ with $h{\neq}0$ a.e. Using a simple formula for a conditional expectation on C[0, t] with $Z_n$, we evaluate a generalized analytic conditional Wiener integral of the function $G_r(x)=F(x){\Psi}(\int_{0}^{t}v_1(s)dx(s),{\ldots},\int_{0}^{t}v_r(s)dx(s))$ for F in a Banach algebra and for ${\Psi}=f+{\phi}$ which need not be bounded or continuous, where $f{\in}L_p(\mathbb{R}^r)(1{\leq}p{\leq}{\infty})$, {$v_1,{\ldots},v_r$} is an orthonormal subset of $L_2[0,t]$ and ${\phi}$ is the Fourier transform of a measure of bounded variation over $\mathbb{R}^r$. Finally we establish various change of scale transformations for the generalized analytic conditional Wiener integrals of $G_r$ with the conditioning function $Z_n$.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제28권10호
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• pp.1190-1195
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• 2005

The objective of this study was to develop an assay for mequitazine (MQZ) for the study of the bioavailability of the drug in human subjects. Using one mL of human plasma, the pH of the sample was adjusted and MQZ in the aqueous phase extracted with hexane; the organic layer was then evaporated to dryness, reconstituted and an aliquot introduced to a gas chromatograph/mass spectrometer (GC/MS) system with ion-trap detector. Inter- and intra-day precision of the assay were less than 15.1 and $17.7{\%}$, respectively; Inter- and intra-day accuracy were less than 8.91 and $18.6{\%}$, respectively. The limit of quantification for the current assay was set at 1 ng/mL. To determine whether the current assay is applicable in a pharmacokinetic study for MQZ in human, oral formulation containing 10 mg MQZ was administered to healthy male subjects and blood samples collected. The current assay was able to quantify MQZ levels in most of the samples. The maximum concentration ($C_{max}$ was 8.5 ng/mL, which was obtained at 10.1 h, with mean half-life of approximately 45.5 h. Under the current sampling protocol, the ratio of $AUC_{t{\rightarrow}last}$ to $AUC_{t{\rightarrow}{\infty}}$ was $934{\%}$, indicating that the blood collection time of 216 h is reasonable for MQZ. Therefore, these observations indicate that an assay for MQZ in human plasma is developed by using GC/MS with ion-trap detector and validated for the study of pharmacokinetics of single oral dose of 10 mg MQZ, and that the current study design for the bioavailability study is adequate for the drug.