• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.115-126
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• 2000

The purpose of hisstudy was to explore effects of adolescents age sex and parental types on the types guilty and correlations between the Rule violation types and guilty types. A All of 698 middle school students and high school students in Pusan were administered Questionaires. The major findings of this study were as follows: Younger adolescents reported more guilty feelings than older adolescents in all types of guilty. Female adolescents reported more in selfish type guilty than males. Parental induction induced adolescents reported lower rates of violation in all types of rule violation than older adolescents. Male adolescents reported more violation in public related rule violation and property damage rule violation than females. There were negative relation between all guilty types and all Rule violation, These results were discussed and its implication and following study were suggested.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.301-312
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of mother's smartphone dependency and maternal guilty feelings on early childhood emotion regulation. The subjects were 326 mothers of 2 to 5 year olds. Mothers' smartphone dependency was assessed by the Korea Agency for Digital Opportunity & Promotion(2006), guilty feelings by the Maternal Guilt Scale(Sung 2011), and early childhood emotion regulation assessed by the ERC(Park 2012). The results of the study were as follows. First, mother's dependency on smartphones was highly related with early childhood emotion regulation. Maternal guilty feelingswere weakly related with child's emotion regulation. Relationship between mother's dependency on smartphones and maternal guilty feelingswasmoderate. Second, mother's positive expectations towardssmartphones and maternal guilty feelings from negative parenting behavior explained early childhood emotion regulation as much as 69%.

• Korean Journal of Forensic Psychology
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.173-190
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to verify whether it is possible for participants to discriminate between innocent and guilty suspects when they are exposed to criminal information utilizing an autobiographical implicit association test (aIAT). A total of 49 college students were randomly assigned to guilty group, innocent-aware group, or innocent-unaware group. Participants performed an aIAT to detect suspects after performing either mock crime or control task. It was verified that innocent suspect and guilty suspect exposed with crime information could be distinguished through D-score and reaction time, converted to symbolize strength of the association between guilty sentences, innocent sentences, and truth sentences. As a result of the analysis, guilty group showed significantly higher D-score than both innocent-aware group and innocent-unaware group. guilty group also showed faster response time in true-guilty condition than true-innocent condition. This shows that the association of true-guilty conditions is stronger than that of true-innocent conditions. On the other hand, the innocent-aware group showed a faster response time in the true-innocent condition than the true-guilty condition, and innocent-unaware group showed no significant difference between the two conditions. Through this, it was confirmed that innocent suspects exposed to criminal information can be discriminated according to the aIAT pattern, which has a faster reaction rate to the truth and innocence union than the guilty group. This study confirmed that suspects exposed to criminal information can be effectively discriminated using aIAT, and further suggests the usefulness and potential of aIAT in the field of lie detection.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.121-137
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to examine the factors that have an influence on parenting stress and to examine the guilty conscience of parents who send their children to full-day child care centers. The results of this study were as follows : First, it showed that the negative parenting attitude of mothers with a university diploma or higher is higher than mothers with a two-year college diploma or below. And positive attitude of working mother is higher than nonworking mothers in the difference of mother's guilty conscience, parenting stress and parenting behavior according to the demographic characteristics. Second, mother's guilty conscience and parenting stress showed a negative relationship with mother's a positive parenting behavior and a positive relationship with mother's negative parenting behavior. Third, after review of the effect of mother's guilty conscience and parenting stress on positive and negative parenting behavior, the most influential variable on positive and negative parenting behavior was parenting guilty conscience.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.175-185
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether there is any difference between the dual residence couples and the single residence couples in terms of the situation of child care, development of their child and mother's parenting guilty or parenting stress. Also, this study aimed to explore the variables which influence parenting guilty and parenting stress of dual residence mothers. The 178 mothers of three to eight tear-old participated the survey. Half of them were dual residence mothers and another half were those of single residence. These two groups were matched in terms of the occupation of the mother and the age of the child. Major finding were as follows. 1) Compared with single residence couples, dual residence couples used multiple methods of child care. And they depended maternal families more than paternal ones as a care-giver. They also payed much more for the child care than single residence couples. 2) Children of the dual residence couples did not differ with those of the single residence couples in terms of cognitive and social development. 3) Dual residence mothers had more parenting guilty than those of single residence while these two groups did not differ in terms of parenting stress. 4) While dual residence mother's parenting guilty was significantly related with the amount of information provided by the paternal families, their parenting stress was significantly related with the frequencies of communicating with the husband, the mother's age, the flexibility of time in the mother's work place, the mother's orientation to the career, and the supports of the husband. In conclusion, dual residence families in Korea were not so negative as expected. Furthermore, this study suggests that the parenting difficulties of the dual residence mothers could be decreased by the change of social and economic situations and the psycho-social support of the husband.

• Korean Journal of Forensic Psychology
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.1-22
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• 2022

This study tested the effect of the verdict category of lay-participation trial in Korea on the legal decision of layperson and the role of representation of 'innocent' in the process. Representation of 'innocent' refers to a psychological threshold for deciding someone's innocence (no fault or sin) in a general sense. The functions as a threshold for a legal decision of 'beyond a reasonable doubt (BRD)' and the individual threshold (IT), regarded as a standard for judgment of guilt established by law and an estimate of an individual's threshold, respectively, were compared. This study used a 2×2 complete factorial design in which the verdict category (guilty/innocent vs. guilty/not guilty) and the defendant's likelihood of guilt (low vs. high) were manipulated. Data from 137 lay-people who voluntarily participated in the online experiment was analyzed. The experiment's procedure was in the order of measuring 'representation of innocent' and the likelihood of guilt of an accused, presenting one of four trial vignettes, and obtaining legal decisions (verdict confidence and estimation of the likelihood of guilt for the defendant). As a result, it was found that the verdict category did not significantly affect the legal decision of layperson. However, the guilty verdict rate of the 'guilty/innocent' condition tended to be higher than those of the 'guilty/not guilty' condition. The layperson's representation of 'innocent' and the verdict category had an interaction effect on the difference between BRD and IT (threshold change) at the significance level of .1. In the 'guilty/innocent' condition, the threshold change varying with layperson's representation of 'innocent' was larger than in the 'guilty/not guilty' condition. In comparing the function of BRD and IT, IT significantly predicted the lay person's legal decision at the significance level of .1 by interacting with the likelihood of guilt for the defendant. Therefore, it could be said that IT was a better threshold estimator than BRD. The implication of this study is that it provided experimental evidence for the effect of the verdict category of lay-participation trial in Korea, which is a problem often raised among lawyers, and suggested logical reasoning and empirical grounds for the psychological mechanism of the possible effect.

• The Korean Nurse
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• v.9 no.2 s.46
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• pp.8-15
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• 1970

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.137-148
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• 2004

Due to the changes of modern society, alternative types of nuclear family so called as commuting family have appeared. Also, with the increase of women's economic participation and their needs of self-actualization, dual-career commuting family have increased. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether there is any difference between the traditional commuting family and dual-career commuting family in terms of family relation, types of child-care and social support. Also, this study qualitatively analysed parenting-guilty of the mothers of commuting family. One eight seven mothers of three to eight year-old participated the survey. The main results were as follows : (1) In case of traditional commuting family, children cohabit with the mother and usually fathers move between two houses. But among the dual-career commuting family, there are some children who cohabit with the father and some mothers who move. Dual-career commuting family relied on the more types of child-care than traditional commuting family. (2) While traditional commuting family get more support for child-rearing from the husband's family of origin than dual-career commuting family, wife's family of origin provide more support to the dual-career commuting family. The more support the husband's family of origin provide, the more stress both types of commuting family experience. However, there was no significant relationship between the support from the wife's family of origin or friends and the stress of the mothers of both types of commuting family. (3) Mothers of two types of commuting families were different regarding the motives of parenting-guilty Difficulty of caring the children for their job as well as father-absentness makes mothers of dual-career commuting family feel parenting-guilty more.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.61-72
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• 2018

Items related to a crime that are known only to criminals and investigators can be used in the concealed information test (CIT) to assess whether the suspect is guilty of the offense. However, in many cases wherein the suspect is exposed to information about the crime, the CIT cannot be used. Although the perpetrator's memories about the details of the crime are episodic, the memories of a suspect who has inadvertently discovered the details of the crime are more likely to be semantic. The retrieval of episodic memories is associated with theta wave activity, whereas that of semantic memories is associated with alpha wave activity. Therefore, these aspects of memory retrieval can be useful in identifying the perpetrator of the crime. In this study, P300-based CITs were conducted in a guilty participant in a mock crime and an innocent participant who has been given information about the simulated offense. The results demonstrate that the difference in P300 amplitudes between the probe and the irrelevant stimulus did not differ between the guilty and innocent conditions. As expected, the lower theta band power (4-6 Hz) was higher in the probe than in the irrelevant stimulus in the guilty condition, but there was no difference in the innocent condition. Conversely, the upper alpha band power (8-10 Hz) was lower in the probe than in the irrelevant stimulus in the innocent condition, but there was no difference in the guilty condition. The possibility of using theta and alpha band powers in lie detection is discussed.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.25-43
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• 2020

Although ready meals have recently increased their market share in the Korean food industry, a literature review found that the use of ready meals triggers feelings of guilt in homemakers. Such guilt arises as a result of several factors apparently related to consumers' health. Consequently, levels of guilt might be expected to vary depending on consumers' perceived health locus. The present study aims to examine (a) how health locus affects guilty feelings about ready-meal consumption, (b) how the effect varies in relation to the consumption of different types of ready meal, and (c) the relationship between consumers' guilty feelings and willingness to buy ready meals. Three dimensions of health locus of control (HLC) -internal HLC (IHLC), powerful-others HLC (PHLC), and chance HLC (CHLC)- were presumed to influence consumers' feelings of guilt in association with ready meals. Data were collected via an online survey, and participants were randomly assigned to either of two groups: one group was instructed to heat meals in a microwave (ready-to-heat [RTH] group, n=104) and the other cooked using a pan with additional ingredients (ready-to-cook [RTC] group, n=101). The study found that guilty feelings about consuming RTH meals increased in line with increased external HLCs, namely, PHLC and CHLC. For the RTC group, guilt increased in line with increased PHLC. IHLC had no significant effect on guilty feelings in either group. Willingness to buy ready meals decreased for both groups as consumers' feelings of guilt increased. Even RTC meals, which require more time and energy in food preparation, did not reduce guilty feelings among consumers with higher PHLC. RTC meals are preferable for consumers with higher CHLC, since their sense of greater involvement in the cooking process alleviates their feelings of guilt. Cooking with already prepared and uncooked ingredients brought fun and joy, both for the participants and their significant others. This interpretation may be developed into a strategic plan by ready-meal producers to strengthen their marketing strategy.