• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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• 제1권3호
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• pp.18-22
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• 2000

In this work, we reported the sulfur compositional variation of ZnS$\_$x/Se$\_$1-x/ epitaxial layers with growth temperature and BEP ration of ZnX/Se/)P$\_$ZnS//P$\_$Se/) grown on GaAs substrates by molecular beam epitaxy. The sulfur composition of ZnSSe epitaxial layers was varied sensitively on the growth temperature and show different linear relationship with growth temperature and BEP ration of ZnS/Se(P$\_$ZnS//P$\_$Se/), which revealed -0.107 %$\^{C}$ at (P$\_$ZnS//P$\_$Se/)=0.30 and -0.052 %$\^{C}$ at (P$\_$ZnS//P$\_$Se/)=0.158 rspectively. A reference data for the accurate control of the sulfur composition and the growth of high quality ZnSSe/GaAs epitaxial layers was provided.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.14-19
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• 2015

Several $19{\alpha}$-hydroxyursane-type triterpenoids and hydrolysable tannins have beneficial effects on human health. Rubus crataegifolius (Rosaceae) has the cleft simple leaf whereas R. parvifolius has pinnate compound leaves. This research was aimed to find the variation in the contents of the triterpenoids and tannins between the infected versus uninfected leaves of R. coreanus and R. parvifolius and between young versus mature leaves. Triterpenoids and tannins were quantitatively analyzed by HPLC. Six triterpenoids including tormentic acid, euscaphic acid, 23-hydroxytormentic acid, coreanoside $F_1$, kaji-ichigoside $F_1$ and niga-ichigoside $F_1$ were used for standard compounds. Gallotannins and ellagitannins were quantitatively evaluated using the indicatives of methyl gallate and ellagic acid. The infected leaves of R. crataegifolius contained higher levels of triterpenoids and tannin than the uninfected leaves; however, lower quantity of total tannin was observed in the mature leaves than in the young leaves. Although the pinnate compound leaves of R. parvifolius exhibited similar tendency of those compositional variation with R. crataegifolius each other, its contents of triterpenoids do not considerably vary. Variation of the contents of triterpenoids and tannins were particularly distinct in R. crataegifolius by growth and infection.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.303-316
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• 2009

Genetic variation among the base isolates and monosporidial strains derived from these isolates of Tilletia indica- the causal agent of Karnal bunt (KB) in wheat, was analyzed by morphological, growth behaviors and RAPD-ISSR based molecular polymorphism. Genetic make up of fungal cultures vary among each other. The magnitude of variation in KBPN group is less (narrow genetic base) when compared to the other groups KB3, KB9 and JK (broad genetic base) reflecting that variability is a genetically governed process. The generation of new variation with different growth characteristics is not a generalized feature and is totally dependant on the original genetic make-up of the base isolate generating new monosporidial strains. Thus, it can be concluded that monosporidial strains derived from mono-teliosporic isolate, consists of genetically heterogeneous population. The morphological and genetic variability further suggests that the variation in T. indica strains is predominantly derived through the genetic rearrangements through para sexual means.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.77-77
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• 2017

The sensitivities to photoperiod and temperature give guidance to choose an adaptable genotype for specific area in soybean production. However, there is insufficient information about the variation of sensitivities to photoperiod and temperature with wide genetic background. We investigated the sensitivities to photoperiod and temperature using 82 soybean mini core collection lines provided by NIAS gene bank of Japan. The seeds were sown on 28 May and 4 August in 2015, 24 May and 5 August in 2016 at field in Saga, Japan ($33^{\circ}$ 14' 32'' N, $130^{\circ}$ 17' 28'' E) for the early (average photoperiod and temperature: 15.2 h and $25.1^{\circ}C$) and late (13.6 h and $27.2^{\circ}C$) sowing respectively. The plants were also grown in the growth chamber under 12 h photoperiod with three temperature regimes (day/night temperature: $25/18^{\circ}C$, $28/22^{\circ}C$ and $33/28^{\circ}C$). Emergence date, days to first flower were recorded with 10 plants in the field and 2 plants in the growth chamber for each line. The data for daily average temperatures and photoperiodic hours were collected from weather station. The days from emergence to first flower open (DEF) were varied from 23-92 (2015 and 2016) in early sowing whereas 18-68 (2015) and 18-59 (2016) in late sowing. The shortened DEF in late sowing could be caused by both short photoperiod and high temperature in late sowing. However, the accumulated temperatures during emergence to first flower open (ATEF) were less variable in comparison with DEF, suggesting the ATEF is dependent mostly on the photoperiod. The ATEF were found same between early and late sowing in some early flowering lines (e.g. $686.7^{\circ}C$ and $687.6^{\circ}C$ in HEUKDAELIPS, $728.8^{\circ}C$ and $706.3^{\circ}C$ in WILLIAMS'82) which indicated that these would be insensitive to day length. In the growth chamber experiment, the variation in both DEF and ATEF was a little greater at low temperature ($25/18^{\circ}C$) but almost same at middle ($28/22^{\circ}C$) and high ($33/28^{\circ}C$) temperatures. Since the less differences in ATEF were found between the three temperatures, it is suggested that the temperature plays only a quantitative effect on the flower initiation, and the large ATEF in some lines may indicate the stronger photosensitivity even at 12 h or longer juvenile phase. Some lines with the lowest ATEF regardless of growth conditions, such as FISKEBY V, KE 32 (ATEF: 559.6-666.5, 587.7-709.5) might lack the sensitivities to both photoperiod and temperature. The results suggested that soybean genotypes has wider variation in sensitivity to photoperiod, whereas less variation to temperature.

• 한국기술혁신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국기술혁신학회 2003년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.5-17
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• 2003

This paper examines the effects of IT technology capital and R&D stock's variation on the growth of Korea's industries with the empirical approaches. We analyze the Granger causality and Impulse response function analysis among the Korea's industrial real output, IT technology capital, and R&D stocks. When it comes to this research conclusion, we know that IT technology capital and R&D stock's shocks affect the growth of Korea's industrial sector in terms of increasing in the real output growth rate.

• ALGAE
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.249-257
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• 2002

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.551-560
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• 2012

The objectives of this study were to elucidate spatio-temporal heterogeneity of water chemistry and develop empirical models using trophic variables in Daechung Reservoir during 2005-2010 along with in situ tests of nutrient enrichment bioassays (NEB). The relations of water quality parameters in regard to precipitation showed that seasonal and interannual fluctuations of biological oxygen demand (BOD), total nitrogen (TN) and pH were minor, whereas conductivity, suspended solids (SS), and total phosphorus (TP) were largely varied in response to the magnitude of rainfall. The CHL maxima occurred immediately after the spate of TP during the high flow, indicating that phytoplankton growth was directly controlled by phosphorus. Empirical linear models of CHL-TP indicated that the variation of CHL in premonsoon was accounted 60% ($R^2$ = 0.60, p < 0.05, n = 54) by TP. In the mean time, empirical models of annual CHL-TN showed that the variation of CHL was weakly accounted ($R^2$ = 0.16, p < 0.001) by TN and more strongly ($R^2$ = 0.44, p < 0.001) by TP. Thus, the variation of CHL was more explained by the variation of TP than TN. In situ tests of Nutrient Enrichment Bioassays (NEBs) showed that the growth of CHL was greater in the P-treatments (as $PO_4-P$) than the control and N-treatment (as $NO_3-P$). Overall, our results suggest that phosphorus was aprimary limiting nutrient controlling the seasonal phytoplankton growth, based on the in situ experiments of NEBs.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.105-114
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• 2004

Orcharduass 및 white clover에서 미량요소 Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn의 systematic variations 시비가 목초의 생육, 재화, 수량, 양분 함량 등에 미치는 영향 등을 구명하였다. 다량요소 양분을 동일량 시비한 조건에서 시험군-1(Fe/Cu), 시험군-2(Mn/Zn), 시험군-3(Fe+Cu/Mn+Zn)의 처리내용은 시험군별 총 시비량을 systematic variation 방법으로 각각 0/100, 25/75, 50/50, 75/25, 100/0% 비율로 나누어 시비 처리 하였고, 시험군-4(FeMn/Cu/Zn)에서는 각 기준처리 70％， 기타처리는 각각 10％(합계 100％) 비율로 시비 처리하였다. 1) White clover에서 Fe과 Mn 간의 길항작용에 의한 Mn과 Fe결핍 황화현상을 블 수 있었다. 또한 처리별 뿌리생육, 근류와 개화에 미치는 영향은 일반적으로 상호 밀접한 연관성을 보였다. Fe/Cu 비율시험에서 white clover는 0/100 및 25/75％ 처리에서 F-결핍 황화현상이 나타났으며 100/0%처리는 다른 처리에 비해서 뿌리생육(색도, 밀도 및 근류형성) 및 재화/화아 수가 불량하였다. 그러고 50/50과 75/25% 처리에서는 다른 처리에 비해서 다소 빠른 개화를 보였다. 2) Mn/Zn 비율시험에서 white clover는 특히 0/100％ 처리에서 심한 Mn 결핍 황화현상이 나타났으며 또한 25/75 및 50/50 처리에서도 이 증상을 다소 불 수 있었다. 높은 Mn/Zn 비율의 처리에서 일반적으로 양호한 부리생육과 증가된 개화/화아 수를 보였다. 3) Fe+Cu/Mn+Zn 비율시험에서 white clover는 0/100% 처리에서 Fe 결핍 황화현상을 그리고 100/0 처리에서는 Mn 결핍 황화현상을 보였고 모두 뿌리생육의 불량과 개화/화아 수 감소를 보였다. 75/25 비율에서 가장 양호한 뿌리생육과 많은 개화/화아 수를 보였다. 4) Fe/Mn/Cu/Zn 비율시험에서 white clover는 처리비율에 따라서 Fe과 Mn 결핍증상이 나타났으며 반면에 Cu와 Zn 결핍증상은 나타나지 않았다. Zn>Cu>Mn>Fe-7％ 시비처리 순으로 개화/화아 수가 많았다.

• 한국생태학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생태학회 1998년도 춘계공동 학술발표대회
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• pp.87.2-87.2
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• 1998

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.39-50
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• 1993

The geographical variation of the germination response and the seedling growth of the seed populations of hemistepta lyrata bunge distributed in the southern area of korean peninsula (seoul, yongwol, andong, $Ch^{\prime}angwon, \;Sunch^{\prime}on$)was investigated. Five populations were divided into two principal groups according to the phases of their seed germination. The first group consisting of the seoul and yongwol population was 62% and 64%, respectively, in the final germination percentage of 32%, 24% and 28%, respectively, were Andong, $Ch^{\prime}angwon\;and\;Sunch^{\prime}on$ populations. The seed populations of hemistepta lyrata bunge which hardly germination. the germination of seoul and yongwol populations located at the higher latitudes took plase synchronously in early autumn. On the other hand, andong, $Ch^{\prime}angwon\;and\;Sunch^{\prime}on$ populations located at the lower latitudes showed a tendency to germinata asynchronously in late autumn. the speed of the seedling growth of the populations located at the higher latitudes was greater than that of the populations at the lower latitudes. Therefore the geographical variation in the germination response and the seedling growth of the seed populations of hemistepta lyrate bunge appeared to be an important ecological strategy to maintain their existence in the extreme environmental variations.