• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.17 no.7
• /
• pp.478-486
• /
• 2017

The development of webtoon accelerated with development of smart devices. It became a daily life to enjoy digital contents such as webtoon using smartphones on the streets and subways, not just for the novelty of the new generation. With the advent of smart devices, the webtoon market has grown rapidly and webtoons of various themes and genres are pouring out. The growth of webtoon market is a good opportunity for artists, but competition is getting worse and it is difficult to satisfy readers with low quality. In order to create webtoon that can satisfy the readers, the artists are considered as important homework that can show the interesting story and show it effectively. In this study, I tried to prove that the method of directing using shot among the elements of animation can be utilized for directing webtoon effectively. In order to explain this, I have tried to explain the characteristics of webtoon and its relation with animation, and I chose the most important example of webtoon, 'Ko Soo(Ryu Ki woon, Moon jeong hu, 2015)', which has been popularized with successful storytelling and directing, and described character shot and time transition shot.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
• /
• v.11 no.2
• /
• pp.75-86
• /
• 2008

The wetlands have functions those were retention of diverse biota, purification of water quality, control of climate and flood, eco-tourism and supply of agricultural water, and that was the ecosystem of high biodiversity as the zone of transition between inland and water. Therefore, this study showed the conservation and management plan by analyzing in the abiotic and biotic environment of forest swamp, Gyeongsangbuk-do. The results were as follows. Examining the management plan of the abiotic environment, there will need to establish the hydrological plan in continuous expediting the supply of water to maintain a humid soil of swamp, and to try to find the organic farming, use of low toxic agrichemicals and so on to prevent occurring a non-point source pollutants. To prevent changing the flowing of ground water and inflow of earth and sand in modifying the land character, there will be needed to restrict the construction of farmland and slope around swamp. To manage the biotic environment, there needed to offer the habitat by removing the regular interval and individual of a dead tree, and to improve the growth environment of vegetation. Because the naturalized plants disturb the natural vegetation, they will be removed. The afforested trees like Robinia pseudoacacia and Amorpha truticosa will be renewed to prevent the heterogeneity of landscape ecology, and the active conservation plan on wetland species will be established. As this study was carried out to study on the partial swamp, Gyeongsanbuk-do, the ecological environments distributing a swamp in Korea show a some problem. In the future, the study will accomplish to study the accurately and objectively ecological environment and management of a swamp by analyzing the extensive sites.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
• /
• s.38
• /
• pp.237-258
• /
• 2015

This research aims to analyze gamer's behavior pattern on 'Blade for Kakao' RPG genre based on smart-phone. Three subjects were recruited using the concurrent protocol method to conduct ten episodes in region 1. As a result, it derived four behavior patterns according to the combination of space type affordance and the arrangement affordance of obstacle(monster). The result of this research revealed the forward attack arranged for the fixed obstacles in the wide space, the indirect attack as avoid-type arranged for scattered obstacles in the same space, the hunting up attack once arranged for the crowded obstacles in the same space, and the pulling attack arranged for obstacles in the narrow space. Moreover, it revealed the character growth and the optimization of attack method according to the attribute affordance of the obstacle(monster). This research expect to offer the design guideline for game level design to investigate the relationship between the game play and affordance in RPG genre based on smart-phone.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.9 no.10
• /
• pp.122-129
• /
• 2009

MMORPG Quest plays a strong role of motivation through compensation related with Avatar such as items and experience points rather than a role of story transfer. This situation finally made MMORPG become a difficult game that players should study the compensation of Quest for growth of a character, so it causes fixation of the user class. As a solving method of the fixation of the users, the possibility of Quest capable of strengthening play motive of various users through clarification of motivation structure of the Quest play and pluralistic understanding about players was investigated. This is a direct response to the user within the game system or how to use the player log information. The pluralistic understanding method of players will have values as a tool that can guarantee the objectivity and actual production of the data collected utilizing.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.26 no.2
• /
• pp.1-14
• /
• 1998

The purpose of this study is to find out how the urban landscape of Korea, especially Seoul, changed during the last half century since 1945. The modernization of Korea, which had begun in 1960's after the chaotic period caused by Korean War, influenced the rapid growth of cities and the radical changes of its structures. But the Western-minded planning theories based on rationalism and positivism was directly applied in developing our traditional cities and consequently the modern urban landscape including urban pattern, architectural style, and commercial and residential landscape revealed disharmony, discrepancy and inconsistency in skylines, streetscape and so on. The findings are summarized as follows. 1. Because the urban structure and pattern changed in undesirable manner in terms of land use and traffic circulation, cities as a whole resulted in exclusive and heterogeneous landscape, and citizens lost their identity and felt alienated. 2. Because the architectural forms of important and monumental buildings which influenced the character of streetscape were not so successful in inventing contemporary Korean Style in true sense, we still have difficulty in creating the urban landscape of originality and legibility. 3. Because from the beginning of this era almost all highrise buildings were designed by modernism-oriented western architects, the commercial landscape of central cities did not evoke a sense of place, and after the introduction of postmodernism this tendency is ore striking even in everyday ordinary streetscape. 4. The newly formed residential landscape which was mainly composed of highly dense and highrise apartment, not only evolved very overwhelming and ugly visual impact but also exposed many social problems in living condition, neighboring and face-to-face contact. In conclusion, in ordr to define the 'Koreanness' of our urban landscape, we have to struggle to combine traditional architectural heritage and native townscape with Western shape, thought and theory, no matter how difficult it may be.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
• /
• 2009.05a
• /
• pp.215-220
• /
• 2009

MMORPG is being progressed through Quest and the level and the balance are realized. Also, Quest plays a strong role of motivation through compensation related with Avatar such as items and experience points rather than a role of story transfer. This situation finally made MMORPG become a difficult game that players should study the compensation of Quest for growth of a character, so it causes fixation of the user class. As a solving method of the fixation of the users, the possibility of Quest capable of strengthening play motive of various users through clarification of motivation structure of the Quest play and pluralistic understanding about players was investigated. The pluralistic understanding method of players will have values as a tool that can design and evaluate Quest satisfying preference of the various user class.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
• /
• v.19 no.3
• /
• pp.135-149
• /
• 2006

Purpose : This study was aimed to investigate the inhibitory effect of Millettia Reticulatas on the proliferation of human uterine leiomyoma cells and the expression of gene related the mechanism of cell apoptosis. Methods : We counted the number of death cells treated with indicated concentration of Millettia Reticulatas and investigated cell death rate by MTS assay. Furthermore, flow cytometry analyis and DNA fragmentation assay were used to dissect between necrosis and apoptosis. and then we observed the differential gene expression by western blot analysis. Results : 1) The inhibitory effect on the growth of uterine leiomyoma cell treated with Millettia Reticulatas was increased in a concentration proportional. 2) The result of flow cytometry analysis. subG1 phase arrest related3 cell apoptosis was investigated 23.49% in uterine leiomyoma cell treated Millettia Reticulatas and showed the fession of proportional concentration. 3) The gene expression of p27, p53, p21, p16 related cell cycle was increased according to increasing concentration but cyclin E was none exchanged. 4) The character of apoptosis, DNA fragmentation was significantly observed the fession of proportional concentration. 5) The expression of pro-caspase3 and PARP were decreased dependent on treatment concentration. Conclusion : This study showed that Millettia Reticulatas have the inhibitory effect on the proliferation of human uterine leiomyoma cell and the effect was related with apoptosis. The apoptotic mechanism was observed that the gene expression of p27, p53, p21, p16 related cell cycle was increased according to increasing treatment concentration, induced G1 phase arrest and finally cell death was occurred. The decreased expression of pro-caspase 3 and PARP were noted that apoptosis was related with caspase pathway.

• The Journal of Information Systems
• /
• v.10 no.1
• /
• pp.323-352
• /
• 2001

Venture business plays a great role in creating national competitive power in every country. In particular, software venture business can mostly belong to manufacturing business, and takes the top seat of core industry as the basis of globalization, informatization and localization as well as the driving force of national competitive power. However, software venture business still has some risks in the whole area of business administration including the process of business starting. There are also problems to be solved in such areas as manager's ability, leadership, talent, level of technical development, marketing channel, recruiting of marketing specialists, financial plan and fund raising. In this respect, this study divides 102 software venture businesses into two; business in the stage of growth and matured business through the analysis of questionnaire and analyzes their present managerial conditions according to their characteristics after classifying them into four categories such as general management, technical development, marketing, finance and accounting. Therefore, this study attempts to provide the basic data useful for business activities of software venture business from now on. The results are as follows; First, it can be judged that software venture businesses make efforts for their technical development in their character, and that they make a great investment in research and development. Consequently, it can be believed that this kind of investment must be continued in the future. Second, it can be seen that they are not much interested in marketing and its manpower. In fact, software venture businesses develop products technically at the risk of their life, while marketing plays an important role in the continuity of business. Thus, it is necessary for them to invest in the supplement of manpower in marketing. Third, it is observed that they generally have some difficulties in raising money from outside. By the way, it. is believed that this problem will be solved by appealing to the persons interested such as investors and creditors, if evaluation system would be developed more exquisitely so that their accounting and technical value may be appraised.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
• /
• v.39 no.2
• /
• pp.63-70
• /
• 2013

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the wound healing effect of primary cultured oral mucosal keratinocytes (OMKs) and to assess their roles in skin wounds. Materials and Methods: OMK labeled with BromodeoxyUridine were scattered onto $1.5{\times}1.5$ cm skin defects of adult female nude mice (OMK group, n=15). For the control, culture media were placed on the wound (control group, n=15). Mice in both groups were sacrificed at three days (n=5), one week (n=5), and two weeks (n=5), and histomorphometric and immunoblot analyses with keratinocyte growth factor (KGF), interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-$1{\alpha}$ antibody were performed for the biopsied wound specimen. To verify the effect of the cytokine, rhIL-$1{\alpha}$ was applied instead of OMK transplantation, and the OMK and control groups were compared with regard to re-epithelialization. Results: Histomorphometric analyses demonstrated faster re-epithelialization in the graft group than in the control group at the third day, first week, and second week. Newly forming epithelium showed maintenance of the histological character of the skin epithelium. The graft group showed superior expression of KGF, IL-6, and IL-$1{\alpha}$ protein, compared with the control group. Similar faster re-epithelialization was observed after treatment with rhIL-$1{\alpha}$ instead of OMK transplantation. Conclusion: We successfully confirmed that the graft of primary cultured OMKs promoted regeneration of skin defects. The mechanism of accelerated wound healing by primary cultured OMKs was attributed to inducement of cytokine expression as required for re-epithelialization.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
• /
• v.36 no.1
• /
• pp.7-15
• /
• 2010

Complex human tissues harbor stem cells and precursor cells, which are responsible for tissue development or repair. Recently, dental tissues such as dental pulp, periodontal ligament (PDL), dental follicle have been identified as easily accessible sources of undifferentiated cells. These tissues contain mesenchymal stem cells that can be differentiate into bone, cartilage, fat or muscle by exposing them to specific growth conditions. In this study, the authors procured the stem cell from pulp, PDL, and dental follicle and differentiate them into osteoblast and examine the bone induction capacity. Dental pulp stem cell (DPSC), periodontal ligament stem cell (PDLSC), and dental follicle precursor cell (DFPC) were obtained from human 3rd molar and cultured. Each cell was analyzed for presence of stem cell by fluorescence activated cell sorter (FACs) against CD44, CD105 and CD34, CD45. Each stem cell was cultured, expanded and grown in an osteogenic culture medium to allow formation of a layer of extracellular bone matrix. Osteogenic pathway was checked by alizarin red staining, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity test and RT-PCR for ALP and osteocalcin (OCN) gene expression. According to results from FACs, mesenchymal stem cell existed in pulp, PDL, and dental follicle. As culturing with bone differentiation medium, stem cells were differentiated to osteoblast like cell. Compare with stem cell from pulp, PDL and dental follicle-originated stem cell has more osteogenic effect and it was assumed that the character of donor cell was able to affect on differential potency of stem cell. From this article, we are able to verify the pulp, PDL, and dental follicle from extracted tooth, and these can be a source of osteoblast and stem cell for tissue engineering.