• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.103-107
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• 1971

In this report, an experiment has been conducted to test the quantitative changes of nucleic acids in the nuclei of the epidermal cell of the galls, caused by Eriophyes kuko Kishida on the leaf of Lycium chinense Mill by means o( microspectrophotometric techniques, the two-wave-length methods. And the sizes of the epidermal cells and nuclei have been measured. The experimental results were summarized as follows: 1) It has been found that as the gall grows, the diameter of the epidermal cells and their nuclei increased and they were larger than those of tile healthy ones. 2) Microspectrophotometric measurement of nuclei by the 'Two-wave-length method' after staining with Feulgen reagent showed no changes in DNA content in the early stage of the gall. As the gall matured, however, DNA content of the gall increased more than that of the healthy leaf. 3) RNA-measurement of nuclei stained with Azur-B in DNase treated epidermal cells of the gall revealed that temporary increase in RNA content occurred in early to middle stages after the gall formation. As the gall matured, however, RNA content of the gall decreased more as against that of the healthy leaf.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.85-99
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• 2004

Purpose: This study observed the changes in the telomerase activity, it's developmental regulation, PCNA expression, and their correlation in rat's upper digestive organs during growth and aging. Materials and Methods: Upper digestive organs(buccal mucosa, gingiva, palate, submandibular and parotid glands, and tongue) were aseptically removed from Sprague-Dawley rats of fetal(gestational 20 days), growing(1, 2, 3, 5, and 7 weeks after birth) and adult(12 week old). Samples for telomerase activity were frozen on liquid nitrogen immediately after sacrifice, and stored until the use at $-75^{\circ}C$ in order to measure it. Telomerase activity was measured by a PCR-based telomeric repeat amplication protoco(TRAP) assay and quantitated with Photometric Telo TAGGG Telomerase PCR ELISA plus(Roche Diagnostics GmbH. Mannheim. Germany). PCNA expression were measured immunohistochemistry with anti PCNA Ab-1, Clone PC10(NeoMark. California. USA). Results: 1. Telomerase activities in buccal mucosa, palate and gingiva were the highest in fetus and decreased gradually or rapidly after birth and then diminished, but In salivary gland and tongue were the highest in fetus and also high at 1 week and then decreased rapidly. 2. PCNA expression in buccal mucosa, gingiva, Tongue and salivary gland was the highest in fetus and decreased gradually and then diminished. but only in palate decreased rapidly after birth and then diminished. Conclusion: The highest telomerase activity of embryonic stage decreased rapidly after birth in rat's upper digestive organs. There may be a developmental regulation of telomerase activity, but not a tissue-specific. This telomerase activity seems correlated closely with PCNA expression in rat's upper digestive system.

• Journal of the Korean School Mathematics Society
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.135-145
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• 2002

Technical high school aims at educating students to acquire fundamental skill and technology required for being competent technicians, to be creative in adjusting themselves to the changing industrial society, and to do self-realization and find their ways toward the future on their own. To attain that goal and maximize learning effect, mathematics education is very important as prerequisite learning for technical subjects, as most technical courses in technical high school are basically based on mathematics. The purpose of this study was to discuss how mathematics education could be successfully linked to technical courses in an attempt to make it function properly as prerequisite learning for major subjects and facilitate students' technical learning. For that purpose, what problems the mathematics components of major subjects and the curriculum had was examined and the way to offer better education was presented. And there are some suggestions regarding mathematics education: First, technical mathematics should be newly inserted into technical high school curricula to help students learn major subjects in more efficient way. Second, most technical high schools are expected to just require tenth graders to complete a 10-stage mathematics course. In that case, they might find difficulties in learning major subjects when they are in their 11st and 12th grade. The curriculum should be designed to have 11st and 12th graders take mathematics education. Third, many students find a job after graduation, but the growing number of students go on to university to receive more education in the same field. Accordingly, there is a need to enlarge continuous progress plan, rather than completion-type one, to make students well-grounded technically. And mathematics should be taught in more classes as prerequisite subject for major courses. Fourth, mathematics elements necessary for each major subject should be outlined and announced to schools so that they could reorganize mathematics and major courses appropriately.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.191-195
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• 2007

The aim of this study was to assess whether size-rank at the juvenile stage is associated with growth performance and sex ratio in olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus). Juveniles (mean body weight, $8.8{\pm}0.9\;g$) were selected from two age groups, with the high size-rank group (HSRG) fish in the upper 19.3-67.3% of 104 days post-hatching (dph) age group and the low size-rank group (LSRG) fish in the lower 9.0-55.7% of 116 dph age group. Triplicate groups of 100 fish were reared over 32 weeks. A heavier final body weight was observed in the HSRG ($360{\pm}12\;g$) compared to the LSRG ($315{\pm}9\;g$, P<0.05), whereas no differences in feed intake, feeding efficiency, and mortality were seen between the experimental groups. The percentage of females was significantly higher in the HSRG (51.7%) than in the LSRG (30.8%, P<0.05). In addition, a remarkable increase in growth was recorded in females, indicating that the relative frequency of females increased with a body weight increase. The results suggest that high size-rank juvenile olive flounder have better growth performance and a higher percentage of females, because females start growing faster than males before size grading occurs.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.647-659
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• 2015

This study analyzes current technologies in personal protective equipment (PPE) and mechanisms that can be used in the agricultural field to provide data for research and development on PPE for farmers. There is growing awareness of the importance of PPE as part of efforts to reduce agricultural accidents, but data remain rare for developing PPE tailored to the farm work environment. In this regard, patent data on PPE can provide useful insights for facilitating relevant technologies and research. This study examines patents and utility models classified under the IPC code in Korea and other countries to analyze patented technologies and recent trends for the period from January 2003 to October 2014. Here Korea, the U.S., Japan, and Europe were considered. The results show that the number of patent applications for PPE remained steady without any sharp fluctuations. KIPO applications accounted for 43.5% of all cases, reflecting the highest proportion among the countries considered. Domestic applicants accounted for 94% of all cases. In Korea, patent applications were concentrated in safety gear for the face and eyes, indicating a high level of technology. The highest level of competition was observed for safety goggles in all countries. Some PPE technologies were dominated by a particular manufacturer. The analysis results for farming-related technologies show the current state of technologies and areas lacking technological development. This study analyzes patented technologies for PPE in Korea and other countries and recent research trends as part of the effort to develop PPE for workers in the farming and livestock industry. This study represents an early-stage effort to develop PPE for workers in the farming and livestock industry, and the results are expected to be useful for tailoring PPE to Korea's farming and livestock environment.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.194-200
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• 1984

This study was conducted to identify inbreds and hybrids by measuring plant height, root and other characters at early growing stage. Five inbreds and four hybrids were used for the study and results obtained are as follows; 1. Shoot and root length were significantly different between inbreds and hybrids even 5 days after germination. Slight differences within inbreds and hybrids were also observed. 2. Significantly different observations between inbreds and hybrids for stem diameter, fresh weight, and dry matter of root and stem began to show 23 days after germination.

• STI Policy Review
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.75-97
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• 2014

Entrepreneurial financing, such as publicly initiated venture capital or grant schemes, serves as an important policy instrument that aims to bridge the financing gap facing young, innovative businesses, a gap that is mainly due to higher risk and growing uncertainty, and to strategically promote the creation of new ventures through the revitalization of their venture capital industries. This study examines public venture capital initiatives in Australia, Canada, and Sweden, and discovered that all three countries actively foster their venture capital industry through the formation of funds or the provision of tax incentives. It is notable that the majority of financing initiatives heavily depend on supply-side measures rather than demand-driven policies that focus on stimulating private investment in technological innovations and discoveries. This paper discusses in-depth the policy impact of public financing initiatives and their subsequent side-effects raised in the process such as overlapping in funding structure across the country, lack of monitoring and evaluation for feedback, fragmentation across the government ministries and agencies, and competition with the private sector, which may cause inefficiency as a result of public intervention. Financial constraints may arise for many reasons, partly resulting from the lack of investment readiness of young entrepreneurs. This signals a policy shift towards the creation of market-driven demand away from the traditional supply-push approach, and is a grand challenge to policymakers in entrepreneurial financing. Attention is leaning towards the efficiency and effectiveness of these public-financing initiatives in terms of their policy roles. It is worth noting that policy should focus on generating synergy so available resources can be channeled into the early, risky stage of new ventures, working as facilitator to the achievement of an intended policy goal.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.522-530
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• 2018

Brachypodium distachyon has been developed as a monocot model plant for temperate grasses and bioenergy crops. Although B. distachyon research is moving forward rapidly, the study of photoresponses has not been explored. To extend our knowledge of responses to light in monocots, we performed photoresponse analysis of B. distachyon using two inbred lines, Bd21 and Bd21-3. In this study, we first compared growing phenotypes between the two lines and investigated coleoptile and primary leaf growths under dark, far-red, red, and white light conditions. The results showed that the growth of the two lines were similar until tillering stage, but other developmental stages from heading to senescence were much delayed in Bd21-3, which resulted in increased height and tiller numbers. Under different light conditions, primary leaf lengths were kept increasing during the growth period, whereas the coleoptile extension was inhibited 4 to 7 days after growth depending on the light conditions applied. These results suggest that the responses to light in B. distachyon can be examined by measuring coleoptile lengths approximately 7 days after seedling growth. Moreover, we selected light-responsive genes known in Arabidopsis thaliana, such as chlorophyll A/B binding protein (CAB), light-harvesting chlorophyll binding protein (Lhcb) and chalcone synthase (CHS), and confirmed their light-induced gene expression in B. distachyon. Therefore, the present study suggests that the inhibition of coleoptile growth can be used as the parameter to analyze photoresponses in the monocot model plant, and also provide the reference genes whose expression is induced by far-red and red light treatment.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.151-155
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• 1990

A field experiment was conducted to study both the distribution characteristics of shortwave radiation in the soybean canopy and its relationship with dry matter production. The soybean 'Paldalkong' was sown with the space of 45${\times}$10cm at Suwon on May 27. 1988. The extinction coefficient of solar radiation remained constant (0.53) after full canopy was reached. The 31.9% of the incoming solar radiation was transmitted. The reflected radiation from the plant canopy increased lineary with incoming solar radiation (R$^2$=0.9346). As leaf area index become larger than 2.5. the reflected radiation showed more significant linear relationship with the differences in the radiations between incoming and transmitted radiation than incoming solar radiation (R$^2$=0.9558). The mean reflectance during the growing period was 24.7%. A significant linear relationship (R$^2$=0.9930) had been admitted between the accumulated solar radiation intercepted by the canopy and dry matter production of 'Paldalkong' until the 35th day of ripening stage. The conversion efficiency of solar radiation intercepted to dry matter of soybean was 1.45g MJ$\^$-1/.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2017.06a
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• pp.354-354
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• 2017

Rice grain yield is determined by crop dry matter production that is sensitive to temperature. Our objective was to determine whether the difference in temperature between years had an impact on the relationship between yield components and grain yield. Field experiments were conducted under machine transplanting cultivation by using yield data of two japonica rice varieties, Odaebyeo (early maturing) and Nampyeong (mid-late maturing), in 2013 to 2016 in Suwon, Korea. Plant height, dry weight, and yield components were examined by analysis of variance, correlation. The milled rice yield of the two varieties were the highest in 2016, however the lowest yields were observed in the different years. In 2016, Odaebyeo produced $0.96t\;ha^{-1}$ greater milled rice yield than in 2015, and Nampyeong produced $1.11t\;ha^{-1}$ greater yield than in 2013. The correlation analysis indicated that spikelet per panicle (R = 0.53) was associated with grain yield of Odaebyeo. In Nampyeong, biomass at heading date (R = 0.74), 1000-grain weight (R = 0.71), spikelet per panicle (R = 0.58), and panicle number per $m^2$ were associated with grain yield. Sink size (spikelet number per $m^2$) of the two varieties responded to accumulative temperature from transplanting to panicle initiation stage. In this experiment, optimal accumulative temperature before panicle initiation has effect on increased spikelet number and/or number of panicle that were mainly responsible for yield difference. Rice production research to increase grain yield should consider all yield components, but increased emphasis on biomass production before heading is also necessary as well as grain ripening conditions.