• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.147-153
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• 2016

Recently, IETF (Internet Engineering Task) working group has adopted CoAP (Constrained Application Protocol) as a standard IoT proctocol. CoAP is a specialized web transfer protocol for use with constrained nodes and constrained environment such as small memory and low power networks. In this paper, we design and implement a registration service with CoAP protocol based on RD(Resource Directory) to connect IoT nodes in mobile Internet environments. The resource directory between the mobile terminal and IoT nodes provides to discover the IoT nodes and get the context data. The mobile terminal has as the CoAP client and embedded IoT nodes includes as the CoAP server so that it can conveniently manage the constrained IoT nodes to get the context data and control devices in a mobile environments.

• Korean Journal of Comparative Education
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.1-22
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• 2017

This study aims to examine the continuity of national education between prewar and postwar Japan in the context of nationalism and citizenship education by considering the direction and process of educational reform which has been a turning point in Japanese education policy. It explores the limitations of educational reform at the normative level and institutional and procedural level. Meiji Japan needed to form a united group to support modernization while also cultivating obedient people who supported the emperor, and the modern education system played a major role in achieving this task. After Japan's defeat in World War II, the nation sought to change the framework of authoritarian nationalism inherent in Japanese traditional through educational reforms and achieve the goals of democratization and non-militarization. The postwar educational reform has transformed the educational structure, but democracy and peace orientation have not been rooted internally. Under the backdrop of the Cold War, the education returned to the inverse.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.21 no.12
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• pp.356-364
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• 2021

In the formation of a socially oriented economy in the context of European integration, the development of tourism is one of the priority areas that positively affects the socio-economic situation of the country as a whole and its regions in particular, stimulates important economic activities and strengthens Ukraine's positive image in Europe and the world. In view of this, in the framework of a thorough study of the tourism industry it is necessary to assess its potential. This study proposes an assessment of tourism potential in the regional context, which consists of consistent implementation of six steps, namely: first, the definition of research objects for which the tourism potential is determined; secondly, the formation of a set of basic features for assessing tourism potential of certain objects; thirdly, the collection of information on individual indicators, which are selected to assess the tourism potential of the objects; fourth, the calculation of parametric indices by comparing the indicators of each individual object of study (region) with the average values in the set of objects under study; fifth, the definition of a generalized index of tourism potential of the region; sixth, grouping regions by the values of the generalized index of tourism potential. Execution of the stated algorithm involves the use of various methods, in particular, statistical, graphical, parametric, the analysis of hierarchies, matrix and cartographic. Approbation of the proposed assessment of tourism potential at the regional level in Ukraine allowed to group regions according to the values of the generalized index of tourism potential, which can be used as a basis for developing measures to increase and enhance their tourism potential in Ukraine in terms of European integration.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.193-202
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• 2021

This study aims to identify what kind of epistemological resources were activated in unproductive and productive practice by students participating in scientific argumentation, and to explore which contexts result in changes in argumentative practice. We collected transcriptions of participants' argumentative lessons and interview, participants' work sheets, and researchers' field notes. The analysis revealed that the focus group activated different kinds of epistemological resources depending on their practice; propagated, belief, and accumulation in unproductive practice and constructed, understanding, accumulation, formation and rebuttal in productive practice. We found two contextual cues that led to these changes; unfamiliar form of argumentative task was provided and emotional, epistemic, and conceptual support of the epistemic authority. This work can be provided as additional case studies to analyze changes in practice according to learner context-dependent epistemology, and we expect to contribute to discussions of productive epistemology and stabilization for students' authentic science engagement.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.213-221
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• 2021

The modernization approach to monitoring regional processes of providing social services is proposed. The methodological approach is developed in the context of the modern public policy, which includes the following stages: the formation of a system of indicators that characterize the level of the social services modernization; the determination of the levels of regions development by such components as the modernization level of the economic sphere, the modernization level of the demographic component and the modernization level of employment; the determination of weights for each group of indicators and calculation of integrated indicators, ranking of regions; the allocation of criteria for classification and grouping of regions according to the modernization level of the social services sphere; highlighting the most important problems of each region. The proposed method is tested on the example of the Ukraine's regions. According to the results of calculations of the modernization level of the processes of providing social services, the ranking and grouping of the regions was carried out. The rating allowed to distinguish four groups of regions: regions with a high modernization level of social services, regions with above-average levels, as well as regions with medium and low levels. The author's modernization approach to monitoring the processes of providing social services allows to investigate the real state of the main indicators influencing these processes and to identify problem regions in order to develop mechanisms to stimulate their development.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.53-63
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• 2022

Recently, as digital transformation due to the COVID-19 pandemic accelerates, data to improve individual quality of life is being used in large quantities, and more reinforced non-identification processing procedures are required to utilize the most valuable personal information among data. In Korea, procedures for de-identification measures are presented through amendments to laws and guidelines, but there is no methodology to measure the level of de-identification in the field due to ambiguous processing standards and subjective risk measurement methods. This paper compares and analyzes the current status of policy and guidelines related to de-identification measures proposed at home and abroad to derive complementary points, suggests a data context-based risk measurement method centered on pseudonymized information processing, and verifies its validity. As a result of verification through Delphi survey and focus group interview (FGI), it was confirmed that the need for the proposed methodology and the validity of the indicators were high.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.407-420
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• 2016

We live under the consequences of countless decisions, among which significant number of decisions is made by representatives acting on behalf of us. However, individuals often make disparate decisions depending on which identity they are assigned as an agent or with which opponent they are interplaying. In the current research, behavioral discontinuity depending upon actor identity and social relationship was investigated using the ultimatum game. Participants behaved in a more economically rational way when they acted as a group representative compared with when they made decisions as a private individual. However, the direction of the individual-representative discontinuity was reversed when rivalry came into play. Furthermore, more fairness was requested to accept the offers in the interaction with the rival compared with the neutral countergroup. Especially when interacting with the rival group, participants showed contrasting level of decision bias - measured by rejection rate toward unfair offers - according to the degree of mind attribution to the opponent. Specifically, the greater participants attributed a mind to the rival group, the more they rejected the unfair offers from it. The present research is important in that it provides insight into individuals' decision-making in a group context, which sometimes forgoes the financial gain of the entire group and ultimately leads to the sub-optimization of social welfare.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.46 no.6
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• pp.544-549
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• 2019

Background As the indications for postmastectomy radiotherapy expand, innovative solutions are required to reduce operative complications and reconstructive failure after prosthetic breast reconstruction. In this study, we investigated the effectiveness of acellular dermal matrix (ADM) inlay grafts in preventing postoperative wound dehiscence of irradiated breasts in the context of prosthetic breast reconstruction. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted of 45 patients who received two-stage prosthetic reconstruction and radiotherapy following mastectomy. An ADM graft was placed beneath the incisional site during the second-stage operation in 19 patients using marionette sutures, whereas the control group did not receive the ADM reinforcement. Patient demographics and complications such as wound dehiscence, capsular contracture, peri-prosthetic infection, cellulitis, and seroma were compared between the two groups. Results During an average follow-up period of 37.1 months, wound dehiscence occurred significantly less often in the ADM-reinforced closure group (0%) than in the non-ADM group (23.1%) (P=0.032). There was no significant difference between the two groups in relation to other complications, such as capsular contracture, postoperative infection, or seroma. Conclusions The ADM inlay graft is a simple and easily reproducible technique for preventing incisional dehiscence in the setting of radiotherapy after prosthetic breast reconstruction. The ADM graft serves as a buttress to offload tension during healing and provides a mechanical barrier against pathogens. Application of this technique may serve to reduce complications in prosthetic breast reconstruction after radiotherapy.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.56 no.4
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• pp.453-460
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• 2018

Owing to rising oil prices and anthropogenic global warming, focused attempts are being made toward production of industrially important compounds by using renewable biomass. In this context, algal biomass as third-generation biomass is important because it doesn't compatible with food resource, has high yield, and helps abate greenhouse gases. Here, we investigate whether Undaria has the highest sugar content, which would make it the most suitable biomass for lactic acid production among the four algal biomasses tested. For effective pretreatment of Undaria, the response surface methodology was used. The amount of solid loaded and catalyst concentration were related to the extraction rate of total sugar. Lactic acid was produced by pretreatment of Undaria by using four Lactobacilli, and L. alimentarius and L. brevis were found to be suitable for lactic acid production.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.84-100
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• 1999

Caring is the essential and universal concept of underlying nursing. Exactly how caring attributes relate to nurses' perception in the context of a contemporary technological environment have yet to be operationlized. In total. 560 Registered Nurses from 5 different university hospitals were involved in this study which aimed to : investigate technological influence and caring attributes as perceived by nurse. Data were obtained using Technological Influence Questionnaire (TIQ) and Caring Attributes Questionnaires(CAQ) which developed by Arthur et al(1999). Data were analyzed using SAS program for frequency. t-test. ANOVA and Tukey's Studentized Range test. and Pearson correlation coefficients. The results were as follows : 1) The mean score of TIQ was 48.84 and special unit nurses' TIQ was higher than that of general ward nurses. 2) The mean score of CAQ was 237.02 and it showed significant differences in the following variables : age. religion. educational background. marital status. career, and position. 3) With regard to the mean item score of CAQ by 3 perspectives : theoretical perspectives score was 3.76. practical perspectives score was 4.03, and pedagogical perspectives score was 3.84. 4) The correlation between TIQ score and CAQ score was slightly moderate (r=.35), The CAQ mean scsre was significantly different accordig to the level of TIQ meen score. The CAQ mean score was $247.19(\pm18.17)$ in high TIQ(>mean+1SD) group, $236.21(\pm19.71)$ In moderate $TIQ(between\;mean{\pm}1SD) $ group, and $228.47(\pm18.07)$ in low TIQ( (mean-1SD) group. In conclusion, nurses perceived the CAQ differently by several demographic characteristics which relating to age. religion, eduacational background. marital status. career. and position. This study provides an important message for administrators and nurse educators by highlighting factors which can be addressed by education programs. staff development and appraisal. Further research is necessary to improve and refine the Korean version of TIQ and CAQ instead of Arthur et al's scales directly to Korean nurses.