• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.143-161
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• 2002

We proceeded the judgement of Sasang constitution of 79 children(the age 101 between 15) who have visited Dongguk Bundang Oriental Medical Hospital during 3 months from August 2002 to October 2002 by Questionnaire of Sasang Constitution Classification and conducted questionnaire survey about the type of disease and symptom occurred frequently. The conclusion is following. 1. The distribution of Sasang constitution: Soeum group(少陰人) 32, Taeeuml group(太陰人) 29, Soyang group(少陽人) 18. 2. The distribution of systemic disease occurred frequently : in digestive system, Soeum (46.9%) & Soyang(44.4%) group more than Taeeum group(34.5%) and in genitourinary system and others, Soeum(28.1%) more than Taeeum group(17.2%). 3. The distribution of symptom occurred frequently : in rhinitis and sinusitis, Taeeum(60.0%) & Soeum(60.0%) more than Soyang(45.5%), in abdominal pain, Soeum(58.8%) & Soyang(62.5%) more than Taeeum(36.4%), and in diarrhea, Taeeum(45.5%) more than Soeum(123.5%) & Soyang group(25.0%). Headache & vexation(心煩) are almost found in Soeum group with abdominal pain and excessive sweating is only found in Taeeum group. 4. The efficacy of herbal medication combined with Cervix Cornu Pranum (鹿茸加味劑) : after the medication, change of condition have showed in Taeeum group at the most high rate(31.0%) and showed in Soeum(15.6%) and Soyang(11.1%) group. 5. The distribution of allergic disease: allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis took up the majority of all allergic diseases. In morbidity of allergic rhinitis, Taeeum(62.1%) & Soyang(55.6%) more than Soeum(37.5%). In morbidity of other allergic diseases and degree of severity, it has no difference among three Sasang constitution groups.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.155-162
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• 2001

This is a clinical study on patients who had visitied the Emergency Room of Pusan National University Hospital and then been treated in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery during recent 5 years, from 1992 to 1996. The results were as follow ; 1. The total number of patients was 2,680 and the ratio of male to female was 1.96:1, The highest monthly incidence was shown in September(12.1%) and October(10.5%) and the age distribution peaks was the third decade(24.3%), followed by the first(23.1%) and the fourth decade(17.2%). 2. Soft tissue injury group(29.1%) was the most prevalent, followed by tooth injury group(16.1%), facial bone injury group (16.0%), toothache group(11.2%), socket bleeding group(11.1%), infection group(9.8%) and TMJ dislocation group(5.9%). 3. The percentage of in-patients and out-patient were 21.6% and 78.4%, respectively. The frequent causes of admission were facial bone fracture(73.8%), infection(20.8%) and soft tissue injury(4.8%) in order. However, soft tissue injury was the most frequent cause in out-patient, followed by tooth injury(20.5%), toothache(14.3%), socket bleeding(14.2%) and TMJ dislocation(7.6%). 4. In the facial bone injury group, the mandibular fractures(70.6%) showed the highest incidence, followed by zygomatic bone and arch fractures(7.5%), maxillary bone fractures(4.0%) and nasal bone fractures(4.0%). 5. In the mandibular bone fracture, the most common location was symphysis(36.7%), followed by the mandibular angles(33.1%) and the condyles(21.8%). 6. The common causes of facial bone fractures were violence, fall and traffic accident in order. 7. The common causes of soft tissue injury were fall down, fight and traffic accident in order and the highest incidence was observed in infants before the age of 10 years(44.0%). 8. In the group of tooth injury, tooth luxation(38.5%) showed the highest incidence followed by tooth fracture(33.2%) and tooth loss(17.1%). The common causes of tooth injury were fall, fight and traffic accident in order. 9. In infected patients group, the ratio of in-patients to out-patients was 1 : 1.28, Buccal(24,7%) and infraorbital space abscess(23.3%) showed the highest incidence. 10. The pain caused by dental caries(39.0%) and pericoronitis(26.6%) showed high incidence in the toothache group. 11. The high incidence was observed during third(34.0%) and fourth (24.5%) decades in TMJ dislocation group. 12. In the group of socket bleeding patients, 92% was post-operative hemorrhage and 8% was accompanied with other systemic hemorrhagic diseases.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제31권10호
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• pp.964-972
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• 1998

연구배경 : 본 연구의 목적은 체외순환전 투여한 고용량 transamine이 술후 출혈 및 수혈을 포함한 여러 가지 혈액학적 상황에 미치는 임상적 효과를 자체적으로 조사함에 있다. 재료 및 방법 : 본 연구는 무작위로 선택한 40명의 성인 개심술 환자들을 대상으로 시행되었다. 대상환자들을 두 그룹으로 나누었는데, Transmine 군(T-군, n=20)은 체외순환전 및 동안 고용량(10 g) transamine을 투여한 환자군 이고 Placebo 군(P-군, n=20)은 일정량의 생리식염수를 투여한 환자군이다. 결과 : \circled1 체외순환 동안 섬유소원의 농도 및 혈소판수는 P-군이 T-군 보다 의미있게 낮았다 (p<0.01). \circled2 체외순환 동안 D-dimer는 P-군의 경우 20명 중 18명에서 검출되었으나 T-군에서는 전혀 검출되지 않아 양군간 유의한 차이가 있었다( p<0.0001). \circled3 체외순환 종료시 기준치에 대한 섬유소원의 농도 및 혈소판수의 백분률이 T-군에서는 70.2$\pm$3.9%, 72.4$\pm$4.5%인데 비해 P-군에서는 54.5$\pm$4.0%, 64.3$\pm$2.9%로서 T-군이 P-군 보다 의미있게 더 높았다( p<0.01). \circled4 술후 PT 및 aPTT의 실측치가 T-군에서는 14.0$\pm$0.0초 및 27.6$\pm$0.1초였고 P-군에서는 16.4$\pm$0.0, 30.1$\pm$0.1초로서 T-군이 P-군보다 의미있게 더 낮았다( p<0.05). \circled5 시간대별 술후 출혈량과 술후 전혈 혹은 혈액제재의 튜여량 모두 T-군이 P-군에 비하여 유의하게 적었다( p<0.01). \circled6 양군 모두에서 뇌색전증, 심근경색, 폐색전증등과 같은 과응고 반응에 기인하는 합병증은 관찰되지 않았다. 결론 : 이상의 결과로 미루어 술전 고용량 transamine 투여는 체외순환 동안 섬유소 용해계의 활성을 억제해 주고 혈액제제 투여량을 감소시켜 주었으며 고용량투여에 의한 합병증도 나타나지 않았기 때문에 transamin은 술후 출혈을 줄이기 위한 안전하고 효과적인 약물인 것으로 사료되었다.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.431-438
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• 2003

수복 치료과정에서 발생하는 온도증가가 치수조직에 미칠 수 있는 위해효과는 치의학의 오랜 관심사였다. 일반적으로, $5.5^{\circ}C$를 초과하는 치수 내 온도변화는 치수조직 에 비가역적인 손상을 야기할 수 있다. 기존의 할로겐 램프 광중합기와 더불어 최근 시판되고 있는 플라즈마 아크 중합기, LED 중합기를 사용하여 복합레진 중합시 치수강 내 온도증가량을 조사하였다. 한 개의 우식이 없는 치아를 대상으로 V급 와동을 형성하였다. 와동 내에 복합레진(Z250, Shade A2)을 충전한 후, 광중합조건을 달리하여 5군(I군: VIP, 20초 (mode 3), II군: VIP, 20초 (mode 6), III군: Flipo, 3초, IV군: Flipo, 5초 (2-step), V군: Lux-O-Max, 40초)으로 분류하고, 각 조건에 맞게 복합레진을 중합시키면서 치수강 내의 온도측정 단자를 통하여 $37.0^{\circ}C$로부터 증가되는 치수강 내 최대 온도증가량을 측정한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻게 되었다. 1. 모든 군에서 치수강 내 최대 온도 증가량은 치수의 변성을 일으키기 시작하는 경계온도인 $5.5^{\circ}C$ 보다 낮았으며, II군에서 치수강 내 최대 온도증가량이 통계적으로 유의하게 가장 높았다(p<0.05). 또한 Lux-O-Max를 조사한 V군은 다른 군보다 낮은 치수강 내 최대 온도증가량을 나타내었다(p<0.05). 2. VIP로 조사한 두 군을 비교할 경우, 조사강도가 높은 II군이 I군보다 치수강 내 최대 온도증가량이 더 높게 증가하였으며(p<0.05), Flipo로 조사한 III군과 IV군 사이에서는 2-step 조사모드로 5초간 조사한 IV군이 3초간 조사한 III군보다 치수강 내 최대 온도증가량이 더 높게 증가하였다(p<0.05). 3. VIP와 Flipo를 비교할 경우, II군이 III, IV군보다 더 높게 증가하였고, IV군이 I군보다 더 높게 증가하였으나(p<0.05), I군과 III군 사이에는 차이를 보이지 않았다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.223-228
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• 1985

최근(最近) 식이성(食餌性) 섬유소(纖維素)가 인간(人間)의 질병발생(疾病發生)에 예방효과(豫防效果)가 있음이 밝혀진 바, 특히 동맥경화증(動脈硬化症)에 관련(關聯)한 cholesterol 저하효과(低下效果)를 조사(調査)하기 위하여 본(本) 실험(實驗)에서는 pectin, agar, pectin+tannic acid, tannic acid 각(各) 5%를 0.5% cholesterol 식이(食餌)에 첨가(添加)하여 Sprague-Dawley계(系) 흰쥐(male)에게 6 주간(週間) 급여(給與)하였다. 이에 흰쥐의 체중증가량(體重增加量), 소화흡수율(消化吸收率), 각종(各種) 장기(臟器) 중량(重量), 혈지(血漬)과 간장(肝臟) 및 분변(糞便)중의 지질(脂質) cholesterol함량(含量)을 측정(測定)한 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1. 체중증가량(體重增加量)과 소화흡수율(消化吸收率)은 5% tannic acid 첨가군(添加群)만이 유의(有意)하게 낮았다. 2. 각종(各種) 장기(臟器)의 중량(重量)에서 간장(肝臟) 비장(脾臟)은 유의성(有意性)이 없었으며 신장(腎臟)은 PEC, AA군(群)에서 감소(減少)하였고, 심장(心臟)은 basal군(群), 폐장(肺臟)은 basal+chol 군(群)에서 유의(有意)하게 증가(增加) 하였다. 3. 혈청(血淸)중 GOT, GPT는 0.5% cholesterol 첨가군(添加群) (basal+chol.)만이 현저하게 높았으며 PEC 군(群)에서 유의(有意)하게 감소(減少)하였다. Total protein은 basal+chol. 만이 유의(有意)하게 높았으나 albumin, A/G ratio는 유의성(有意性)이 없었다. 4. 혈청(血淸)중 tolal lipid와 cholesterol 함량(含量)에는 유의성(有意性)이 나타나지 않은 반면, 간장(肝臟)중 조지질(粗脂質) 및 sterol 함량(含量)은 PEC 군(群)만이 유의(有意)하게 증가(增加)하였다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.713-723
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• 1989

In order to assess the correlation of the myocardial damage and the duration of cardiopulmonary bypass, measurement of creatine kinase [CK], lactate dehydrogenase [LDH], asparatate aminotransferase [AST], and MB band of CK [CK-MB] were carried out on the first, third, fifth, seventh, and ninth day in 44 patients following open heart surgery [POD 1,3,5,7,9]. And the patients were divided into three groups according to the duration of aortic cross clamp time [ACT]: Group I [ACT< 60 minutes. n=19], Group II [60 minutes < ACT< 90 minutes, n=7] and Group III[90 minutes > ACT, n=18]. 1. The leakage of CK in total patients increased to the highest level at POD 1, with rapid decrease and recovery at POD 7. The leakage of CK in Group III were greater than in Group I from POD 1 to POD 3 [P < 0.01]. The recovery time of CK level was shorter in Group I [POD 3] than in Group II and III [POD 7]. 2. The serum levels of LDH in total patients increased to the highest level at POD 1, with slow recovery until POD 9. The levels of LDH in Group III were higher than in Group I until POD 9 [P < 0.005]. The levels of LDH in Group I and II recovered but not in Group III. 3. The serum levels of AST in total patients increased to the highest level at POD 1, with rapid decrease and recovery at POD 7. The levels of AST in Group III were greater than in Group I from POD 1 to POD 5 [P < 0.05]. The recovery time of AST level was shorter in Group I and II [POD 5] than in Group III [POD 7]. 4. The positive cases for CK-MB in 36 patients were 22 [61.1 %] as a whole, 5[41.6%] in Group I, 4[57.1 %] in Group II, 13[76.4 %] in Group III at POD 1, and a case in each group at POD 3, and only a case in Group Ill at POD 5. It is concluded that the myocardial injury was closely related with the duration of cardiopulmonary bypass in open heart surgery.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.58-68
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• 2019

Objective: To compare digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) and conventional full-field digital mammography (FFDM) in the detectability of breast cancers in patients with dense breast tissue, and to determine the influencing factors in the detection of breast cancers using the two techniques. Materials and Methods: Three blinded radiologists independently graded cancer detectability of 300 breast cancers (288 women with dense breasts) on DBT and conventional FFDM images, retrospectively. Hormone status, histologic grade, T stage, and breast cancer subtype were recorded to identify factors affecting cancer detectability. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to compare cancer detectability by DBT and conventional FFDM. Fisher's exact tests were used to determine differences in cancer characteristics between detectability groups. Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to determine whether the detectability score differed according to cancer characteristics. Results: Forty breast cancers (13.3%) were detectable only with DBT; 191 (63.7%) breast cancers were detected with both FFDM and DBT, and 69 (23%) were not detected with either. Cancer detectability scores were significantly higher for DBT than for conventional FFDM (median score, 6; range, 0-6; p < 0.001). The DBT-only cancer group had more invasive lobular-type breast cancers (22.5%) than the other two groups (i.e., cancer detected on both types of image [both-detected group], 5.2%; cancer not detected on either type of image [both-non-detected group], 7.3%), and less detectability of ductal carcinoma in situ (5% vs. 16.8% [both-detected group] vs. 27.5% [both-non-detected group]). Low-grade cancers were more often detected in the DBT-only group than in the both-detected group (22.5% vs. 10%, p = 0.026). Human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2)-negative cancers were more often detected in the DBT-only group than in the both-detected group (92.3% vs. 70.5%, p = 0.004). Cancers surrounded by mostly glandular tissue were detected less often in the DBT only group than in the both-non-detected group (10% vs. 31.9%, p = 0.016). DBT cancer detectability scores were significantly associated with cancer type (p = 0.012), histologic grade (p = 0.013), T and N stage (p = 0.001, p = 0.024), proportion of glandular tissue surrounding lesions (p = 0.013), and lesion type (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Invasive lobular, low-grade, or HER-2-negative cancer is more detectable with DBT than with conventional FFDM in patients with dense breasts, but cancers surrounded by mostly glandular tissue might be missed with both techniques.

• Neonatal Medicine
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.108-115
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• 2021

Purpose: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a useful tool for evaluating brain injury and maturation in preterm infants and often requires sedation to acquire images of sufficient quality. Infant sedation is often associated with adverse events, despite extreme precautions. In this study, the swaddling technique was investigated as an alternative non-pharmacological strategy to obtain brain MRIs of sufficient quality. Methods: We applied the feed and swaddle technique during routine brain MRI as a quality improvement project and compared its morbidity with that of sedation in a historic age-matched group. Seventy-nine very low birth weight infants in the neonatal intensive care unit of Ajou University Hospital (Suwon, Korea) were enrolled. Thirty-two (40.5%) infants were in the feed and swaddling group, and 47 (59.5%) were in the sedation group. Results: The morbidity associated with the cardiopulmonary system (swaddling group vs. sedation group: 53.13% [n=17] vs. 63.83% [n=30], P=0.723) and central nervous system (40.63% [n=13] vs. 29.79% [n=14], P=0.217) were not significantly different between groups. The MRI failure rate was not significantly different (swaddling group vs. sedation group: 12.5% [n=4] vs. 4.3% [n=2], P=0.174). The MRI scanning time was longer in the swaddling group than in the sedation group (76.5±20.3 minutes vs. 61.5±13.6 minutes, P=0.001). Cardiopulmonary adverse events were significantly less common in the swaddling group than in the sedation group (3.13% [n=1] vs. 34.04% [n=16], P=0.002). Conclusion: The success rate of MRI was comparable between the swaddling technique and sedation. Furthermore, despite the drawback of prolonged scan time, cardiopulmonary adverse events are fewer with swaddling than with sedative agents. Therefore, swaddling can be an alternative to sedation or anesthesia when performing neonatal MRI scans.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.1130-1139
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• 2018

Objective: To compare the therapeutic efficacy between conventional transarterial chemoembolization (cTACE) and combined therapy using cTACE and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in ultrasound (US)-invisible early stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Materials and Methods: From January 2008 to June 2016, 167 patients with US-invisible early stage HCCs were treated with cTACE alone (cTACE group; n = 85) or cTACE followed by immediate fluoroscopy-guided RFA targeting intratumoral iodized oil retention (combined group; n = 82). Procedure-related complications, local tumor progression (LTP), time to progression (TTP), and overall survival (OS) were compared between the two groups. Multivariate analyses were performed to identify prognostic factors. Results: There was no major complication in either group. The cTACE group showed higher 1-, 3-, and 5-year LTP rates than the combined group; i.e., 12.5%, 31.7%, and 37.0%, respectively, in the cTACE group; compared to 7.3%, 16.5%, and 16.5%, respectively, in the combined group; p = 0.013. The median TTP was 18 months in the cTACE group and 24 months in the combined group (p = 0.037). Cumulative 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS rates were 100%, 93.2%, and 87.7%, respectively, in the cTACE group and 100%, 96.6%, and 87.4%, respectively, in the combined group (p = 0.686). Tumor diameter > 20 mm and cTACE monotherapy were independent risk factors for LTP and TTP. Conclusion: Combined therapy using cTACE followed by fluoroscopy-guided RFA is a safe and effective treatment in US-invisible early stage HCCs. It provides less LTP and longer TTP than cTACE alone.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.217-225
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• 2002

시술시간을 줄이는데 유리한 재료인 유동성 복합레진을 유구치부에 사용하려고 고려할 때 중요한 물성 중 하나는 마모저항성이다. 이 연구의 목적은 유동성 복합레진의 마모저항성을 일반복합레진의 마모저항성과 비교하는 것이다. 실험에 사용된 유동성 복합레진으로 1군에서는 Arabesk flow (VOCO, Germany) 2군에서는 Tetric flow (Vivadent, Liechtenstein) 3군에서는 Aeliteflow (Bisco, U.S.A.), 4군에서는 Filtek flow (3M Dental Co, U.S.A)을 사용하였으며 대조군으로 사용한 5군의 복합레진은 Z100 (3M Dental Co, U.S.A)이었다. 시편들(n=10)은 두께 2mm, 지름 5mm의 원통모양으로 제작하여 마모시험 전 $37^{\circ}C$의 증류수에서 7일 동안 담가 놓았다. 제1소구치와 레진시편을 MTS 시스템에서 2Hz로 50,000회 접촉, 마모시켰다. 마모시험시 lateral excursion은 0.4mm, 교합력은 2-100N의 조건이었다. 마모시험후 마모된 부피, 최대마모깊이, 재료자체의 표면경도를 측정하였고 마모 되지 않은 표면과 마모가 일어난 표면을 주사전자현미경으로 관찰하였으며 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 마모된 부피는 3군에서 가장 적었고 4군에서 가장 많았으며 3군<1군<2군<5군<4군의 순서로 증가하였다. 2. 3군, 1군, 2군은 5군이나 4군에 비해 통계적으로 유의하게 마모부피가 적었다(p<0.05). 그러나, 3군, 1군, 2군 사이에서와 5군, 4군 사이에서는 각각 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었다. 3. 최대마모깊이는 1군에서 가장 낮았고, 4군에서 가장 깊었으며 1군<3군<5군<2군<4군의 순서로 증가 하였다. 4. 5군의 표면경도는 다른 유동성 복합레진군에 비해 통계적으로 유의하게 높았으나(p<0.05), 마모부피나 최대마모깊이와는 통계적으로 유의한 상관관계를 보이지 않았다. 5. 마모되지 않은 표면과 마모가 일어난 표면을 주사전자현미경으로 관찰한 결과, 유동성 복합레진군과 5군 사이에 마모양상이 다르게 나타나는 것을 볼 수 있었다.