• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.103-109
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• 2010

In this paper, breakdown characteristics of soil in a coaxial cylindrical electrode system stressed by impulse currents were experimentally investigated. The breakdown voltage and current waveforms for 4 types of soils were measured, and the threshold electric field intensity, the time-lag to breakdown and the voltage-current (V-I) curves were analyzed and discussed. As a result, the breakdown voltage and current waveforms are strongly dependent on the grain size of soil, and the voltage and current waveforms for gravel and sand differ from those for silt and loess. The threshold electric field intensity Ec is increased in the order of gravel, sand, loess and silt. The V-I curves for all test samples show a 'cross-closed loop' of ${\infty}$-shape. Also, the time-lag to breakdown for gravel and sand are longer than those for silt and loess. It is expected that the results presented in this paper will provide useful information on the design of improving transient performance of a grounding electrode system subjected to lightning current considering the soil ionization.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.689-694
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• 2014

The Korean government has introduced and enforced maritime traffic safety assessment to secure traffic safety since 2010. The maritime traffic safety assessment is needed by law to design a new port or modify an existing one. According to Korea Maritime Safety Act, in the assessment the propriety of marine traffic system consists of the safety of channel transit and berthing/unberthing maneuver, safety of mooring, and safety of marine traffic flow. The safety of channel transit and berthing/unberthing maneuver can be evaluated only by ship-handling simulation. The ship-handling simulation is carried out by sea pilots working with the port concerned. The vessel's proximity measure is an important factor to evaluate traffic safety. The proximity measure is composed of vessel's closest distance to channel boundary and probability of grounding/collision. What is more, the probability of grounding becomes important. According to central limit theorem, a sample has a normal distribution on condition that its size is more than 30. However, more than 30 simulation runs bring about the increase of assessment period and difficulty of employing sea pilots. Therefore this paper is to find out minimum sample size for evaluating vessel's proximity. First sample sets of size of 3, 5, 7, 9 etc. are selected randomly on the basis of normal distribution. And then KS test for goodness of fit and t-test for confidence interval are applied to each sample set. Finally this paper decides the minimum sample size. As a result this paper suggests the minimum sample size of 5, that is, the simulation of more than five times.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.83-89
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• 2018

In this study, the settlement of concrete rectangular pyramid foundation on soft ground is investigated based on a finite element analysis. considering the grounding load and the grounding area of square pyramid foundation, we compensate the insufficient design bearing capacity and investigated the effect of settlement by load. Based on this study, it is found that the rectangular pyramid foundation shows the smallest settlement of three different type of foundations. As a result of this study, it was resulted that the square pyramid foundations were more effective than the crushed stone foundations by 18%. These results show that the ground pressures of the square pyramid bases are divided into horizontal and vertical stresses, so it is analyzed that the horizontal stress builds up the rigid ground on the foundation of the structure and distributes the load widely to increase the resistance to the overhead load.

• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.30-34
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• 2007

[ $TiO_2/PVP$ ] nanofibers were electrospun by varying the collector grounding design to improve the axial alignment of fibers. The collectors are composed of two pieces of conductive substrates separated by a gap f3r the uniaxial alignment of fibers (X design). The collectors consisting of two sets of substrates placed by $90^{\circ}$ (XY design) equipped with a timer are also prepared for biaxial alignment of fibers. Both collectors show that the charged nanofibers are stretched to span across the gap between the electrodes. Experimental results reveal that the latter collector is more effective on the directionality of electrospun $TiO_2/PVP$ nanofibers due to the dissipation of accumulated electric charge between the collectors.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.81-88
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• 2009

An evaluation of the structural integrity of an oceanographic buoy subjected to extreme loads was carried out in this study. Load components, such as the current, waves, and wind load, which were required for the sea's environmental conditions, were calculated precisely. A non linear finite element analysis was conducted to elucidate the structural response of the buoy under extreme environmental conditions. Based on the surface drift velocity scheme, a dynamic impact analysis was also carried out for the case of collision accidents. The proposed numerical technique would be a useful and cost effective tool for design scheme evaluation in the field of oceanographic buoys.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.18 no.2 s.117
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• pp.126-135
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• 2007

This paper proposes a new miniaturization method for a parallel coupled line filter with enhanced bandwidth characteristics. A previous method incorporated several advantages, such as size reduction through the use of only a small number of capacitors, in addition to grounding, suppression of harmonic characteristics, and improved skirt characteristics for the parallel coupled line filter, which is conventional in the field of RE filters due to its design and fabrication simplicity. However, the previous method also has disadvantages related to the bandwidth shrinkage of the miniaturized filters. In this paper, the amount of bandwidth shrinkage is analyzed in terms of the relationship between the loaded Q(quality factor) and the group delay of a resonator. Moreover, the reduction in the bandwidth is solved by a design with new design equations. To show the validity of the proposed method, a hairpin filter with a center frequency of 5.2 GHz and an fractional bandwidth(FBW) of 10% was scaled down to half its original dimension by the proposed method with the enhanced bandwidth characteristics. The measured result shows a high level of agreement with theoretical results.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2008.04c
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• pp.166-168
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• 2008

DC feeding system is mainly floating but the rail potential and the leakage current are created because of long parallelism between rails and ground. Rail potential causes electric shock to human and leakage current causes electrolytic corrosion to nearby the buried metals. Therefore the design technologies to reduce, protect and monitor these effects are important recent DC feeding system. Rail potential and leakage current are analysed based on propagation theory that is utilized in order to simulate grounding system. New measurement procedure is proposed based on this analysis in order to more be accurate in result.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2007.11b
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• pp.322-324
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• 2007

In this paper conceptual design methodologies of electric safety systems are proposed by micro and macro views. As a pre-study electric accidents of Korea were analyzed microscopically, which could be categorized into 11 types by the occurrence frequency. These types are caused by common problems, which are educations, live works, dealing by the public, and grounding systems. And the korean electric safety system is analyzed macroscopically according to stages of the system comparing with that of developed countries.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2011.07a
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• pp.2105-2106
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• 2011

본 연구에서는 보다 효과적으로 접지저항을 확보하고자 대지저항률의 측정 및 대지구조 분석, 접지시스템 설계, 접지전극 시공, 접지저항 측정 등 일련의 과정을 소개하고 그에 따라 고전압시험용 쉴드룸 접지시스템 설계 및 시공 사례를 나타내었다. 접지시스템 설계 및 시공 결과 프로그램을 이용한 설계치와 실제 시공 후 접지저항값이 거의 일치하는 것을 확인하였고, 쉴드룸에 대한 접지시스템 설계 및 시공 기술 정립을 하였다.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2009.07a
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• pp.2190_2192
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• 2009

풍력발전기술은 무한정의 천연 무공해 에너지원을 개발하는 기술로써 환경에 미치는 영향이 없고 산업적 가치와 국토 이용 효율을 높일 수 있는 사회적 가치가 높은 기술이다. 이러한 풍력설비는 특성상 산간이나 제방과 같은 낙뢰 환경에 노출되기 쉽고 기존의 전력계통과도 연계되어 운용됨으로 지락이나 서지와 같은 위험으로부터 설비의 안전과 보호가 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 다수의 풍력발전설비에 대한 접지시스템의 설계 방안과 접지시스템구성에 대해 연구하였다. 또한 풍력 발전 설비와 인명의 보호를 위한 접지시스템 구축 제안과 접지성능을 안정적으로 얻는 공통접지구성에 대해 연구하였고, 현장의 대지저항률를 실측 분석하여 반영된 접지설계 및 시공을 통해 접지성능을 확인하였다.