• Journal of Life Science
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.26-32
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• 1995

The antimutagenic effects of insoluble dietary fibers(IDF) extracted from some green-yellow vegetables(kale, carrot, spinach, broccoli and soybean sprout) and soybean by binding the carcinogens of MeIQ (2-amino-3,4- dimethyl-imidazo(4,5-f) quinoline) and Trp-P-2(3-amino-1-methyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b] indole) in Salmonella tylhimirium TA100 and TA98 were studied. All of the insoluble dietary fiber samples which binded MeIQ exhibited high antimutagenic effects by removing the mutagen. Among the samples, IDFs from kale and soybean showed strong binding capacity fo the carcinogen and revealed about 90% of the antimutagenic activity. the IDF samples showed somewhat lower binding capacity to the Trp-p-2. The lignin which extracted from kale, soybean and carrot, and the cellulose strongly removed the mutagenicity of MeIQ by the binding. Among the samples, the level of lignin in kale revealed the highest(about 10%), and it seemed that the higher content of lignin in kale is one of the reasons to increase its antimutagenic effect.

• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.174-182
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• 2011

Over the last decade, Sick Building Syndrome has become a significant social issue in Korea and many methods have been considered to maintain comfortable indoor air quality. To reduce toxic substances emitted from wood composite products, the source control is an efficient method through the reduction of formaldehyde content by using natural material-based adhesives for composite wood products production. Among alternative materials, soybean protein is considered an appropriate natural material to replace formaldehyde-based resin and many efforts have been made to produce new products, such as soap, shampoo, ink, resin, adhesive and textile through changing the chemical or physical properties of soybean. To process soybeans into these useful products, the beans are dehulled and the oil is removed by crushing at very high pressure or by solvent extraction. For use soybean as an adhesive, it is processed at temperatures below $70^{\circ}C$ to preserve the alkaline solubility of the proteins. In addition, soybean-based adhesive is undergone treatment process to improve mechanical properties using urea, urease inhibitor N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide and sodium dodecyl sulfate. The modified soybean-based adhesive exhibited sufficient mechanical properties to use as an adhesive for composite wood products. This paper is a review article to discuss the possibilities of soybean-based adhesive for environment-friendly furniture materials.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.151-156
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• 2002

Antioxidant activity or green tea extracts (GTE) was evaluated in soybean oil (SBO), rice bran oil (RBO) and winterized rice bran oil (WRBO) stored at 63$^{\circ}C$ for 36 days. Lipid oxidation of the oils was determined using the active oxygen method (AOM), peroxide value (POV), change in unsaturated free fatty acid concentrations and by sensory evaluation. SBO had a higher concentration of the polyunsaturated fatty acids, linoleic and linolenic acid than RBO and WRBO. WRBO and RBO were more stable against lipid oxidation than SBO. Addition of GTE (200 ppm) to the stored oils, increased the induction period (IP) in AOM, reduced the increase in POV, and lessened the change in unsaturated fatty acids. Furthermore, GTE prevented the development of rancid flavors resulting from storage, all of which demonstrate the protective antioxidative activity of GTE. However, oil color became darker in the GTE treated oils. The antioxidant protection of GTE was most effective in RBO.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제53권5호
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• pp.441-450
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• 2011

This study was conducted to determine the effects of partial replacement of corn grain and soybean meal with agricultural by-product feeds on in vitro rumen fermentation characteristics and optimum levels of mixing ratio. The agricultural by-products to examine the effectiveness of the partial replacement of concentrate were wheat bran, corn gluten feed, bakery waste, soybean curd, rice bran, green kernel rice, soybean hull, distillers' grain, and mushroom substrate. In the first experiment, in vitro ruminal fermentation characteristics of feedstuffs were evaluated at 0, 3, 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours after incubation. In the second experiment, fermentation characteristics were investigated with green kernel rice and soybean curd which replaced corn grain or soybean meal. Feed were formulated with 40% corn grain + 20% soybean meal (T1), 40% corn grain + 17.5% soybean meal + 2.5% soybean curd (T2), 25% corn grain + 20% soybean meal + 15% green kernel rice (T3), and 30% corn grain + 15% soybean meal + 6% green kernel rice + 9% soybean curd (T4), respectively, with forage source of 10% alfalfa hay, 20% timothy hay, and 10% corn silage as fed-basis. In 24 and 48 hour cultivations, T4 showed significantly lower pH compared to T1, whereas in 3 and 24 hour cultivations, T4 showed significantly higher DM degradation compared to T1. In addition, the gas production of T3 was also higher than T1 (p<0.05). Overall results of the present experiments indicated that green kernel rice and soybean curd as agricultural by-products have the possibility of partial replacements of corn grain and soybean meal.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.971-980
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• 2019

We profiled the health-promoting bioactive components in nine types of soybean seeds with different seed coat colors (yellow, green, brown, and black) and investigated the effects of different extraction solvents (methanol, ethanol, and water) on their antioxidant activities. The carotenoid and anthocyanin compositions varied greatly by seed color, and the phenolic acids, total phenol, and total flavonoid contents differed by genotype. The carotenoid content was relatively higher in soybean seeds with green and black seed coats than in those with a yellow seed coat while lutein was the most plentiful. The anthocyanin content was considerably higher in the soybean seed with the black seed coat. The results of the DPPH assay showed strong antioxidative activities in the methanol- and water-extracts compared to the ethanol-extract, irrespective of the seed coat colors. Moreover, the soybean seeds with the black seed coat exhibited the highest antioxidant activity among the samples, regardless of the extraction solvent used. Eighteen bioactive compounds were subjected to data-mining processes including principal component analysis and hierarchical clustering analysis. Multivariate analyses showed that brown and black seeds were distinct from the yellow and green seeds in terms of the levels of carotenoids and anthocyanins, respectively. These results help our understanding of the compositional differences in the bioactive components among soybean seeds of various colors, providing valuable information for future breeding programs that seek to enhance the levels of compounds with health benefits.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.65-74
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• 1979

In order to observe the contents of some essential amino acids in Korean foods, total and free tryptophan, and available lysine in fifty kinds of Korean foods were analyzed by the sfectrophotometry. The results obtained are summarized as follows : 1) The tryptophan contents per 100g of soybean, wet green laver and skim milk were over 250 mg, and the contents Per g nitrogen in ginger, dried persimmon and chestnut were over 150 mg. 2) The free tryptophan contents per 100 g of soybean, small red bean, dried persimmon, ginseng stem were over 100 mg, ana the contents per g nitrogen in dried persimmon was over 150 mg. 3) The available lysine contents Per 100g of soybean, wet green laver and skim milk, fish(auchovy), dried yeast, casein and silkworm pupa were over 1000 mg, and the contents per g nitrogen in potato, perilla(wild sesame), red pepper, sausage and skim milk were over 300mg. 4) The contents of tryptophan and available lysine in soybean, green laver and skim milk were higher than in other samples. 5) In general, the contents of tryptophan and available lysine were abundant in seaweeds.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.299-305
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• 1997

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of benomyl application at different growth stages on the infection of green pod and seed by Phomopsis spp. and yield in vegetable soybean. One early maturing vegetable soybean variety 'Seokryangputkong' was planted on 20 April at Suwon in 1996. The rate of non-infected green pods by Phomopsis spp. was most highly suppressed by benomyl application once at the R5 stage and twice at R4 and R6 stages. The rate of non-infected green pods was higher in branches than in mainstem, and in upper than in low part of plant. The Phomopsis seed decay at maturity was most highly decreased by benomyl application once at the R6 stage and twice at the R4 and R6 stages. Benomyl application effectively reduced the infection rate of green pod and seeds by Phomopsis spp. and increased the yield of non-infected green pods by 34∼76％ and non-infected seeds by 51∼98％.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.398-403
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• 2012

Purpose: Green soybeans (edamame) are now an economically important and popular food product in Japan. In order to shorten breeding time and to decide an optimal harvest time, we have been developing a dedicated NIRT spectrometer since 2004 for the determination of constituent content such as sucrose and free amino acids, which are two major contributors to the eating quality, in a single pod green soybean. Methods: The obtained models showed that the developed NIRT instrument had reasonable accuracy for the determination of these two components. Then we carried out the investigation into the change in two components during a few days storage using these models with changing time, variety/cultivar, packaging and temperature. Results: The result showed that the most affecting factor on decreasing both sucrose content and free amino acids was variety/cultivar. The time, packaging and temperature also affected significantly in most cases.

• Journal of Life Science
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.147-151
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• 2019

Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is grown worldwide for its high protein and oil content. Anthocyanins from black soybean seed coats are known to have many pharmaceutical effects. Soybean cultivars with large seed sizes and black seed coats are needed by soybean farmers. However, antinutritional factors, like protein, stachyose, and Kunitz trypsin inhibitor (KTI) exist in raw mature soybeans. Genetic elimination or reduction of these components is needed in soybean breeding. The objective of this research was to develop new a soybean strain with black seed coats and green cotyledons that was KTI protein free and low in stachyose. Six parents were used. The presence or absence of KTI protein was detected using the Western blot technique. The content of stachyose in mature seeds was detected using HPLC. One new strain was selected from 11 $F_2$ plants with black seed coats and green cotyledons that lacked KTI protein. The new strain had black seed coats and green cotyledons and was KTI protein free and low in stachyose. The plant height of the new strain was 66 cm, and its 100-seed weight was 28.4 g. The stachyose content of the new strain was 2.59 g/kg. The new strain developed in this research will be used to develop new cultivars that are KTI protein free and low in stachyose.

• Journal of Practical Agriculture & Fisheries Research
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.63-72
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• 2004

This study was conducted to determine the growth and properties of green soybean sprouts(Vigna umbellata Thunb.) in soil culture. Patkong which is a small grain variety was sawn on electric heated hot bed in the greenhouse. Temperature of the culture bed were respectively 17, 20, 25, and 30℃ and water temperature were respectively 14, 17, 20 and 25℃. The kinds of soil used for this study were upland soil, sand, peatmoss and Pearlite, loess, loess and activated carbon. BA was treated in the concentrations of 240 times, 80 times, 40 times besides control. High temperature of 25 and 30℃ increased sprout yield compared to lower temperature but caused to decay from 7 days after sawing. Thus, the most optimum temperature for soil culture was 20℃. The best soil was sand of which increased fresh weight of 850g during same period. Addition of BA was most effective to promote sprout growth in the concentration of 80 times. Compared to general soybean sprouts, green soybean sprouts were 50% higher in fiber but 72% lower in glucide. Vitamin B was 200% higher in green soybean sprouts but vitamin C was higher in general soybean sprouts.