• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.125-131
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• 2016

According to the increment of urban buildings, the demand of eco-environment space will be also increased. Therefore, the artificial ground green system on a roof will be supplied gradually. In this study, the concept of simplification, unification and prefabrication was widely applied to supply green system. Consequently, the box unit system with a continuous soil layer was developed, and adhesive property, wind resistance and insulation property of this system were evaluated for site application. As a results of adhesive property and wind resistance test, comparing with design wind pressure and wind velocity, this system was safe at the height of 100m building located in urban. In addition, results of temperature measurement for 120 days showed 17% higher insulation property at daytime and 45% higher insulation property at night than normal box unit system owing to continuous soil layer.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2016

Currently, urban green space is disappearing due to urbanization, industrialization and various environmental problems including the disruption of the ecology in urban areas. To solve such problems and increase urban green area, roof greening has been suggested as an alternative. Through observing the responses of three plant species (Mukdenia rossii, Dianthus chinensis, and Pachysandra terminalis) plantrd on the soil mixed with Geohumus, this study investigated the effect of Gehumus on soil water content and plant survival. Soil water content of the rooftop soils has been increased when mixed with Geohumus. The responses were proportional to the amount of Geohumus in the mixture. Geohumus exerted a stronger influence on raising soil moisture content for soil A which had lower water-holding capacity. The stress responses of the plants varied in relation to the amount of Geohumus and soil moisture content. The stress response was lowest for Dianthus chinensis and increased in the order of Mukdenia rossii and Pachysandra terminalis. With the highest plant stress, Pachysandra terminalis showed the lowest survival rate among the three species. Without irrigation, the plants survived only for six weeks on green roofs. The survival rate differed depending on the amount of Geohumus mixed. The results of the experiment showed, with some exceptions, that Geohumus helped to improve soil water content, reduce plant stress, and extend plant survival period.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.745-756
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• 2013

This study was carried out to suggest an experimental base to maintain the sustainability of extensive green roof as considering moisture demand by the type of the green roof plant before construction. The changes of soil moisture content, chlorophyll content, coverage of Sedum kamtschaticum and Dianthus chinensis var. senperflorens in two type of perlite soil and mix soil, were investigated under the condition of no rainfall and no irrigation during one month. The result shows that with the increase of stress time, soil moisture content and chlorophyll content on leaf were in a downward trend; After 30 days, Soil moisture content were lowest in 10 cm depth perlite soil system planted Dianthus chinensis. and 20 cm depth mix soil system planted Sedum kamtschaticum had the highest soil moisture. Generally soil moisture contents of soil system planted Dianthus chinensis var. senperflorens were lower than that of soil system planted Sedum kamtschaticum. In 10 cm depth soil system, state of plant growth was better than 20 cm depth soil system both perlite soil and mix soil type. It can be confirmed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.115-125
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• 2015

This study was carried out to analyze comparison of carbon storage and physicochemical properties of vegetation soil for extensive green rooftop established at Seoul National University in september 2013. For this study, 42 plots were made by 2 kinds of vegetation soil including A-type and B-type. A-type vegetation soil plots were made of 90% perlite and 10% humus and B-type vegetation soil plots were made of 60% perlite, 20% vermiculite, 10% coco peat and 10% humus. This study used 6 kinds of plants which are Aster koraiensis, Sedum takesimense, Zoysia japonica Steud, Euonymus japonica, Rhododendron indicum SWEET and Ligustrum obtusifolium. Field research was carried out in 11 months after planting. Physiochemical properties of B-type vegetation soil plots were better than A-type vegetation soil plots in every way and soil carbon content was also higher at B-type vegetation soil plots as well. B-type vegetation soil plots were maintained 10 to 20% higher soil water content than A-type vegetation soil plots of the study period. The species of herb which showed the best carbon storage was Zoysia japonica Steud at B-type vegetation soil plots. The species of shrub which showed the best carbon storage was Ligustrum obtusifolium at B-type vegetation soil plots. Plants generally showed better growth at B-type vegetation soil plots and B-type vegetation soil plots were higher than A-type vegetation soil plots in soil carbon stock.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.50-59
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• 2014

This experiment was performed in order to study the relationship between physical properties of soil and the growth characteristics of Sedum reflexum. A correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis were performed using SPSS Ver 19.0 for Windows. The multiple regression analysis results of soil physical properties and growth characteristics were as follows. The regression equation: The length=$.993-14.070^*$(soil bulk density)+$.233^*$(solid phase)+$.038^*$(liquid phase)+$.068^*$(permeability). The significance of soil bulk density and solid phase was great. The width=$2.931-33.925^*$(soil bulk density)+$.566^*$(solid phase)+$.206^*$(liquid phase)+$.027^*$(permeability). The significance of soil bulk density and solid phase was great. The wet weight and dry weight of the upper and lower and soil physical properties did not have a direct relationship.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.12-22
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to select suitable planting base for the mat-type rooftop greening in order to popularize rooftop greening system easily. The experiment was conducted from 2004 June to 2005 May under several conditions; 4 soil depths under mats(2cm, 5cm, 10cm, 15cm), two soil mixtures(natural soil 80%+leaf mold 20%, artificial soil) and two light conditions(full sun place, 20% shaded place). In this experiment, 3 types of mats were used ; the herbaceous plants mat(11 plants inclusive of Lotus corniculatus L., Silene armeria L.), the lawn mat with Festica arundinacea and Sedum mat with Sedum kamtschaticum, Sedum sarmentosum, Sedum oryzifolium, Sedum middendorffianum. The result is as follows; in the mat-type rooftop greening, the herbaceous plants mat, lawn mat and sedum mat are the similar number of plant and effect of greening on soil depth 2cm, 5cm and 10cm, 15cm. So suitable soil depth of rooftop greening is 10cm for the load and economical factor. Thus the mat-type rooftop greening possible planting base depth of all 13cm as soil depth 10cm and mat depth 3cm. As soil mixtures, the number and growth of plants were better mat and 'natural soil 80% +leaf mold 20%' than mat and artificial soil. In herbaceous plants mat, Silene armeria L., Dianthus chinensis, Centaurea cyanus L., Lotus corniculatus L. are survival in full sun place and Silene armeria L., Dianthus chinensis, Centaurea cyanus L. are survival in 20% shaded place. In conclusion, selection of suitable soil mixtures and plants is possible extensive management rooftop greening with effect of continuous greening. The mat-type rooftop greening are lightweight and simple preparation without management and can popularize readily.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.23-31
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• 2005

Green spaces in cities were insufficient and decreased as artificial structures increase. Accordingly, greening rooftop space contributed to urban ecosystems as green space. Especially, since 2002 Seoul supported rooftop greening and introduced 'Ecology-area rates'. Thus rooftop greening had the potentiality of extension. This prepared the extensive rooftop greenings within planting-base for extensive management rooftop greening system to be easily popularized. The extensive rooftop greening conducted from 1997-2005 reported that soil depth was 8cm and soil mixtures were 5 types. And plant were Crysanthemum zawaskii var. latilobum, Aster hayatae, Crysanthemum zawaskii herb. ssp. coreanum, Sedum sarmentosum, Sedum rotundifolium, Sedum oryzifolium, Sedum takemensis, Sedum middendorffianum, Sedum telerium var. purpureum, Sedum spectabile, Carypteris incana, Dianthus superbus, Hosta minor. As a result, for nine years after the modular type rooftop greening established, survival plants were Sedum takemensis, Sedum sarmentosum, Sedum spectabile, Sedum middendorffianum, Carypteris incana, Crysanthemum zawaskii var. latilobum, Sedum telerium var. purpureum, Sedum rotundifolium, Dianthus superbus. Also effect of greening was possibled soil depth 8cm. And growth of plants from 1997 to 2005 were fine on two soil mixtures of 'perlite+peatmoss+vermicompost+moisturizer' and 'perlite+moisturizer+bark(mulching)'. Invasive plants are Ixeris dentata Nakai, Ixeris chinensis var. strigosa, Youngia sonchifolia, Eragrostis ferruginea, Aster pilosus Willd., Ixeris japonica Nakai, Valpia myuros, and Setaria viridis. In conclusion, selection of suitable native plants was possible extensive management rooftop greening with effect of continuous greening. The extensive rooftop greening were lightweight and simple preparation without management and can popularize readily.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.180-189
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• 2012

This study was carried out to suggest an experiment based for selecting Sedum, which can adapt well with heat tolerance in extensive green roof system. The heat tolerance of Sedum subject to laboratory high temperature treatment and heat processing time were evaluated using electrolyte leakage, chlorophyll content and regrowth test, and the relation between soil water content and heat tolerance were researched. Logistic model of nonlinear regression analysis was used to evaluate the lethal temperatures that were predicted with the range of $45.0{\sim}48.1^{\circ}C$(soil water content 5%), $47.5{\sim}49.3^{\circ}C$(10%), $48.6{\sim}52.8^{\circ}C$(15%) in 6-hours high-temperature treatment. The higher the soil water content, the stronger the heat resistance property of Sedum. there is. The higher the treatment temperature, the lower the chlorophyll content, and the less the soil water content, the faster the chlorophyll decomposition. The order of hot-temperature resistance was S. reflexum>S. takevimense>S. middendorffianum>S. album>S. sieboldii>S. spurium when soil water content was 5%. The order of hot-temperature resistance was S. album>S. reflexum>S. spurium>S. takevimense>S. middendorffianum>S. sieboldii when soil water content was 15%. The more of soil water content, S. album, S. reflexum, S. spurium had stronger tolerant of hot temperature. These results were consistent with those from the regrowth test and the heat tolerance tested by electrolyte leakage evaluation.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.162-168
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• 2011

This study was carried out to investigate the plant growth of several Carex L. plants according to light intensity and soil depth planted on a green wall and roof, and to show basic data for the use of Carex L. plants in various forms. The temperature was dropt more in the green container compared to the normal especially during the genial weather from August to September. The plant growth of Carex testaceae, Carex oshimensis Evergold, and Carex ciliatomarginata Nakai was excellent at light intensity from 0 to $1799\;{\mu}M{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$, and that of Carex siderosticta Hance, Carex flagellifera Bronzita, Carex ornithopoda Variegata, and Carex morrowii Ice Dance were best in lower light intensity from 0 to $786\;{\mu}M{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$. The leaf color of the plants changed vividly as the light intensity grew lower and the visible value of the plants increased. There must be more considerations about the pattern changes in additory experiments. The water content in the soil depth of 10 cm was maintained higher than the other treatments because of no drainage layer. Most Carex L. plants grew excellent in the soil depth of 10 cm. However, Carex oshimensis Evergold, Carex siderosticta Hance, and Carex testaceae showed the best plant growth in soil depth 20 cm, and Carex morrowii Ice Dance and Carex ciliatomarginata Nakai in soil depth of 40 cm. Therefore, Carex L. plants could be recommended as materials for green roof because they also grew well in light soil depth of 10~20 cm.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.123-129
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to test performances of 14 types of root barrier materials by applying testing plant: and soils suitable for weather and natural features of Korea. For testing Plants, Plioblastus pygmaed Mitford A and Pyracantha angustifolia have been selected. For testing soil, mixture of pearlite and peat moss in 3:1 ratio Testing container has been fabricated with duplicated structure having inner and outer containers. And the outer container has 2 hinges on its side wall to allow opening and closing. Wet rock wool with 50mm in thickness has been inserted between inner and outer containers to allow root to penetrate through root barrier material and continue to grow. We planted 12 Plioblastus pygmaed Mitford A. and 4 Pyracantha angustifolia per one testing container. Three testing samples have been made for 1 type of root barrier material, which become a total 42 specimens. Planted testing samples have been installed within the greenhouse, which will be observed regularly for 2 years from now on. We started test from July 11, 2008 and had performed intermediate observations every month for initial 3 months. From the 3rd intermediate observation on Sept. 18, we confirmed that 6 types of roe barrier materials have penetrated roots. Even though two types of them have been generally used as root barrier materials for roof planting system, all of three testing samples have a lot of penetrated roots. This result proves that it is not reasonable to introduce testing methods of root barrier from Europe. USA or Japan.