• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.13-26
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• 2015

Urban park and green space provide various functions. Among the functions, human benefit and increase of biodiversity are known to be important. Therefore, it is important to consider human and biotic aspect in the process of selecting suitable site for park and green space. However, there is insufficient research on both aspects. In this study, we used green network to analyze human and biotic aspect to select suitable site for park and green space in Seongnam City in Korea. To analyze the green network, we used accessibility for human aspect and used dispersal distance and habitat size for biotic aspect. We conducted least-cost path modelling using movement cost. In case of biotic aspect, GFS (generic focal species) is used to estimate habitat size and dispersal distance. To find out suitable site for park and green space, we used an overlay analysis method. As the result, old residential areas are shown have insufficient green network which needs park and green space. Furthermore, the green network for biotic aspect is insufficient in old residential areas comapred to green network for human aspect. The result of this study could contribute in planning of park and green space to maximize their functions.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.93-100
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• 2013

A outdoor space of the brand apartment can improve the quality of the whole environment in apartment and has differentiated identity in apartment housing through various versions of the green space and water space plan. The purpose of this study is to evaluate nature-friendly design characteristics in brand apartments and to offer a basic information for planning of brand apartment. In concrete, nature-friendly design did by green space and water space that can analyze by visual, and investigation contents divided to position, form, user behavior, link space from user viewpoint by case study. This study examined a case of eight brand apartments located in Gangnamgu, Seoul. We has divided the characteristics of a green space into horizontal type, vertical type, multi-dimensional type and has divided the water space into stagnant water type, flowing stream type, waterfall type and fountain type. The findings are summarized as follows: First, in case of the space of brand apartment, the application of horizontal and vertical greenery was lower compare with multi-dimensional green space. The most of items for multi-dimensional greenery have been planned to the open space and promenade. Second, a stagnant water type of water space features well used in most of the cases but a water space of signs of activity like a flowing stream, waterfall, fountain types were underused because of problem of administrative and maintenance expenses. Thirdly, Water space of brand apartments was planned with specialization item by apartment housing but green space does not have differentiated item and was planned by most similar form.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture International Edition
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• no.1
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• pp.219-222
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• 2001

The planning of the central green space (residential park) in a residential quarter is an effective way of increasing public space in the process of urban development and urban renewal. It is regarded as an important technical project in the detail plan of a residential quarter in order to create a better environment in the residential quarters. The scale of a residential park, normally not less than 5000㎡, is defined according to the land-use conditions and the local population. The site should have easy access for the residents, and fit into the surrounding landscape and Fengshui whenever possible. It should also satisfy various leisure needs of the local residents at all ages. The design of the park should be friendly to the residents'interests, hobbies and aspirations. The artistic style of the landscape is to emphasize on delightfulness, harmony and warmness.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.1-12
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to investigate the outdoor space of the recent built apartment complex in Ulsan and to provide the basic information for planning and apartment outdoor space. Multiple methods were utilized such as questionnaire, observation, behavior-mapping, and photography. The sample consisted of 382 residents living in four apartment complex in Ulsan. data were analyzed by frequency and percentage using SPSS PC+. The observation was performed in seven outdoor space, i.e., green area, road area, exercise area, play area, parking area, and approach area. According to the findings of this study, residents did not actively involve in outdoor activities and seldom use the outdoor space. Various changes and erosions were observed as a trace, especially near fence and grass area because of unplanned location of entrances. Finally this study suggested several planning guidelines for outdoor space in apartment complex.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.15 no.6 s.59
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• pp.150-158
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to evaluate environment-friendly planning feature in Environment-friendly Certificated apartments and to use the basic planning data of housing. Seven Environment-friendly Certificated apartments have been analyzed. The findings of this study are as follows: Environment-friendly planning features are categorized into 4 items; floor planning feature, material planning feature, universal planning feature and environmental planning feature. Among floor planning features, natural sunlight, built-in closets, and differentiated floor plans are well considered, but the flexible floor plan for resident's lifestyle and green space are lack. Among material planning features, environment-friendly finishing materials, environment-friendly products and energy-efficient double-pane windows are well considered, but implementation for resource savings using recycled materials are lack. Among universal design planning features, removal of threshold and installation of safety device in bathroom are not well considered. Among environmental planning features, usage of alternative energy like solar energy are not applied. The environment-friendly planning features in interior space should be introduced in diverse ways.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.34-41
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• 2003

Connectivity is a quantitative indicator of landscape structure, and connectivity of urban green areas is an indicator of ecological integrity in urban landscapes. The purposes of this study are to assess the connectivity of urban green areas in Seoul, and to develop a method of siting new green areas for better connectivity. Diverse methods for connectivity assessment and indices of connectivity are reviewed and applied to the connectivity assesment of green areas in Seoul. The indices of connectivity of green areas in Seoul turned out to be higher than expected, maybe because many of them are rather evenly distributed, serving as stepping stones, and because there are many riparian corridors, including the Han River. Analysis also shows the optimum location of new green space patches or corridors will be those spots that would link the mainland, or large green areas outside the city, and existing green areas in the city. Restoration of urban streams as ecological corridors will significantly enhance connectivity. Three different scenarios with increasing numbers of new green areas in the city were then prepared. The changes of connectivity were measured and the possible success rates of animal dispersal were simulated. The results revealed that restoration of streams will increase the connectivity and success rates of animal dispersal.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.64-73
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to classify urban green space, to assess an imbalance by an administrative district (Dong), and to establish the management zone of urban green spaces for the construction of an environmental city in Changwon. The spatial data of 1:5,000 digital maps, park data in Changwon, land cover by the Ministry of Environment, and IKONOS satellite images from 2003 were used for this analysis. The assessment of the imbalance of urban green spaces was analyzed with the Lorenz curve and Gini's coefficient. The establishment of the management zone was performed by network analysis of GIS. The results of this study are as follows: the urban green spaces were classified as a park green space, a natural green space, and a riparian green space. According to the results of assessment of the imbalance of green spaces, Gini's coefficient was analyzed at higher than 0.4. Thus, the spatial imbalance of urban green spaces in Changwon was evident. The management zones to solve the imbalance were established: "rich zone", "fair zone", "poor zone" and "broken zone". Therefore, the rich and fair zones which have rich green spaces must maintain the good conditions through analysis of the green network and a survey of civic attitudes. The poor and broken zones which have poor green spaces must improve quality and quantity through creation of additional green spaces, construction of an eco-industrial park, and utilization of children's parks and pocket parks.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture International Edition
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• no.1
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• pp.59-66
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• 2001

The tremendous growth of population and physical development in the largest urban agglomeration in Indonesia -the Jakarta Metropolitan Region, also known as Jabotabek (Jakarta, Bogor, Tanggerang, Bekasi)- has created many environmental problems, such as land use conversion, increasing urban temperature, water and air pollution, intrusion of seawater, and flooding. These problems have become more serious as the urban green space (trees, shrubs, and groundcovers) has decreased rapidly with the urbanization process. Urban green space directly benefits the urban environment through ameliorating air pollution, controlling temperature, contributing to the balance of the hydrological system, and providing space for recreation and relaxation. Because there is little hard data to support the claim of decreasing greenery in Jabotabek, it is necessary to measure the amount of urban green space. The paper describes the spatial analysis of urban green space within Jabotabek through the use of a geographical information system (GIS). We used GIS and remote sensing to determine land cover change and predicted greenery percentage. Interpretation of Landsat data for 1972, 1983, 1990, and 1997 showed that Jabotabek has experiences rapid development and associated depletion of green open space. The proportion of green open space fell by 23% from 1972 to 1997. We found a low percentage of urban green space in the center of Jakarta but a high percentage in fringe area. The amount of greenery is predicted by the Ratio Vegetation Index (RVI) model: predicted greenery (%) = [146.04] RVI - 134.96. We consider that our result will be useful for landscape planning to improve the environment of Jabotabek.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.259-268
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• 1999

This study aims to recognize the importance of the outdoor environment for the improvement in the residents' quality of life and analyze residents' outdoor behavior(physical and psychological) pattern in terms of relation to outdoor environment in Multi-Housing Complexes. Our survey was performed to the residents of 6 Multi-Housing Complexes located in Pusan, and analyzed residents' consciousness, use and evaluation in relation to outdoor space according to the characteristics of the Multi-Housing Complexes. The results are as follows: l. The outdoor space is classified into resting space, green space, parking space, play space and sport space. Most of residents recognize that green space and parking space are the most important of the outdoor space. 2. Mainly, wives use for stroll and talk, husbands use for sports and stroll, and children use for sports and play. 3. The parking space is the highest score and sport space is the lowest score according to the residents' evaluation of the outdoor space, and yet sport space must be considered in planning of outdoor space because the residents' needs are high.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.47-56
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to clarify the components for the improvement of outdoor spaces in farmyards and to suggest guidelines for the planning of these spaces. The objects of this study were the general farmyards located around farmhouses which had government support for the construction of on-site gardens. The results were as follows: 1. Although over 50% of the general farmyards did not have gardens, most gardens of farmyards (90% and over) featured trees and/or flowers. This demonstrated that the residents of the farmyards thought positively about green spaces. 2. With the establishment of a garden, the self-image of the household improved along with the physical environment. Thus, the construction of the garden brought about psychologically and physically positive results. 3. Regarding the degree of satisfaction with green space and shade, the rate of farmyards with gardens was higher than those without. With more government support for developing such green spaces, satisfaction with them could increase. The same result was obtained regarding the degree of satisfaction towards visual harmony with nearby farmyards, indicating that neighboring farm households want to have positive relationships with one another. 4. The frequency of use of living space increased through the construction of gardens in farmyards, in spite of decreased working space. %is aspect could be used as data in the planning of gardens in farmyards. 5. The perceived necessity of gardens in the general farmyards and desire to construct new gardens rose. This preference was high in gardens with abundant greenery and a lot of rest facilities. This study suggests those reasons result from a poor farm economy. With government support, general farmyards without gardens could construct gardens. And we might infer that the residents' desire to construct a garden in general famyards had been influenced by a neighbor with a garden.