• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.102-112
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• 2007

Like other organic beings, modern cities change every day. Unlike in the past, changes of space which have been taking place in concentrated spaces during short periods of time have worsened the environment of cities creating environmental problems. In particular, the urban heat-island phenomenon, which is caused by changes in using the earth's surface, has emerged as a key social issue along with health problems and economic difficulties. The Green Network has been introduced as an urban planning approach to solve the urban heat-island phenomenon. This study suggests constructing a Green Network through analyzing the urban heat island phenomenon, land cover classification, and linkage possibility with the Green Network and wind corridors by researching Jung-Gu, and Nam-Gu in Daegu Metropolitan City. In conclusion, this study presented the construction of a broad and detailed Green Network of object areas by assigning Apsan to the southern area and mountain area as the core, two areas of Nam-Gu and six areas of Jung-Gu such as Duryu Park and, Dalsung Park as footholds and other school land and park facility areas as footholds-to-be areas. In particular, Camp Walker, which is connected with Apsan, is not only a foothold but connected to the core, is necessary to preserve after being transferred from the U.S. Army. In addition, assigning the Susung Bridge area of Jung-Gu and the Camp Walker area of Nam-Gu as the wind corridor areas is recommended.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.79-87
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to identify the planning features of apartments that are people-friendly, nature-friendly and ones that improve the quality of the apartments through sustainable design characteristics found in the apartment community space. This study found the sustainable design characteristics through the case of 8 environment-friendly apartment in the Seoul-Gyeunggi area. Sustainable design was categorized into three areas a) social sustainability b) economic sustainability c) ecological sustainability. The major findings are summarized as follows: First, socially sustainable design which included plans for various types of squares, spaces for pedestrians showed high application of universal design plans. While, plans to maximize open spaces that facilitate the social exchanges among residents showed low application. Second, economically sustainable design showed high application in terms of access to public transportation and bicycle storage facilities. However, planning factors such as alternative energy facilities, recyclable materials, reuse of rainwaterand heavy water showed low application. Third, environmentally sustainable design included high application of promenades, artificially created green space and various types of water space. On the other hand, nature study centers, biotope and environment friendly parking space showed low application.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.25 no.9
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• pp.1341-1348
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• 2016

The natural environment plays an important role not only in ecological sustainability, but also in human health. Growing attention has been focused on the health benefits of natural environments with increasing scientific evidence in this field. Urban green space has positive effects on individual and community health; thus, it is considered as social infrastructure. The natural environment promotes mental health by relieving psychological stress and depression. Physical health can be improved by experiencing nature, which reduces physiological stress and boosts the immune system. Several international initiatives have been undertaken to improve our understanding in this field and to utilize these benefits for health promotion. Interdisciplinary approaches are needed to promote human health through the natural environment in the fields of science, education, planning and policy.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.45-53
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• 2015

Agriculture, rural landscapes are accompanied by a variety of environmental issues. Therefore, it is necessary to study on biodiversity and ecosystem services. Horticulture complex is low groundwater recharge function, it can be evaluated as a facility that biodiversity is impaired. The ecosystem services in agricultural landscapes were obtained 19 kinds of functions. Experts survey Groundwater recharge function (4.13) teeth chapter higher, Water storage (4.05), Amphibian & Reptile habitat (3.96), Aquatic insect habitat (3.92), Flood control (3.87), Water purification (3.86), Avian habitat (3.76 ), Creating landscape (3.74), Vegetation diversity (3.71), Experience, Education (3.69), Biological control (3.48), Fishery habitat (3.42), Climate regulation (3.30), Mammal habitat (3.30), Air quality regulation (3.25 ), Mainenance of genetic diversity (3.25), were analyzed in order Rest area (3.14). Improving capabilities in the Detention Pond, Wetland, Green space, Corridor, Non-Chemical, Program development, Green spaces, Rainwater storage facilities, Water cycle system, Surface water storage facilities, Infiltration trench, Water purification facilities, Permeable pavement. Environmentally friendly, and to contribute to sustainable agricultural development through ecological planning.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.31-42
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• 2003

This study looked at worked on remaining landscapes in terms of landscape ecology. It presented some ways to conserve and to activate remaining landscapes with examples of agricultural lands in Hwa-won Gun, Ok-po Myun. The results are as follows: We investigated 20 remaining landscape types and 90 remaining landscapes, and classified them in terms of forest and water zones. To evaluate the investigated remaining landscapes, we produced a grading system using 8 criteria such as vitality, stability, field suitability, type of inner scenery formation, connection, recreation, and culture/tradition. Our evaluation of the vitality found that Grade I had the mast remaining landscapes; Grade II had 28, Grade III had 16, Grade V had four, and Grade IV had none. We evaluated the outer landscape influence using 3 criteria such as divisibility, vitality, and indication. We found from evaluating the type of inner scenery formation that most of the landscapes superior to Grade III were adjacent to water zones and that linear landscapes evaluated as Grade I, and II played an important role in this connection. We evaluated the recreation probability using marks, frequencies, and emergencies of peculiar types. Based on the results, we proposed some ways to conserve and to activate the remaining landscapes classified by grades using the results of the last evaluation. Additionally, we proposed some ways to activate the restoration of the linear axis of the green space function the formation of a buffer green space around matric space, the improvement of the axis of the green space center, and the formation of additional green tracts of land to play the role of stepping stones. We proposed the possibility of improving uniformed farm land structures. This study did not consider the weighting values of the evaluation index. Therefore a more objective study will be needed with an expert-survey in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.40 no.5
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• pp.8-18
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• 2012

Urban nature plays an important role not only in the improvement of the physical environment but also from the perspective of psychological and social function. In particular, schoolyards as well as the green spaces near school surroundings function as a primary space for urban children to experience nature in Korea, as they spend most of their time at school. In this study, the status of urban green spaces near school surroundings was examined. For the analysis, 185 elementary schools in Seoul were selected and the green spaces within a radius of 300m(defined as 'school zone' in this study) were analyzed using the Rapid Eye multispectral satellite image data. The mean green space ratio of school zone accounts to about 21% with a high variation from 74% to 0.7% and more than half of the school zone have a green space ratio of less than 20%. Schools with a high green space ratio in their school zone are mostly located near urban forests, so forest areas particularly contribute to increase the green space ratio. Furthermore, forest vegetation shows relatively higher vitality than other green spaces located in urbanized areas. In contrast, schools with a low green space ratio in their school zone are mostly situated in high-density residential areas and the green spaces show relatively low vegetation vitality. Except for the urban forest, the majority of urban green spaces in urbanized areas are landscape green facilities in apartment districts. The other types of urban open spaces such as environmentally shaped schoolyards or street parks account only for a very small proportion of school surroundings. Therefore, it is needed to establish countermeasures in the context of urban planning; e.g. to promote the school forest projects preferentially by selecting schools with a extremely low green space ratio in their school zone, to foster roof greening in near surroundings, and to connect schoolyards organically with nearby apartment landscape green facilities as an easily accessible urban open space.

• Journal of Climate Change Research
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.191-201
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• 2011

This study investigates how green infrastructure, including natural and open space such as forests, rivers, parks, and streets, could effectively counteract climate change in terms of mitigation and adaption, respectively. As a result, green infrastructure, such as forests, parks, vegetable gardens, roof gardens, pedestrian walkways, bike lanes, etc, could effectively mitigate climate change: 1) Carbon storage and sequestration; 2) Fossil fuel substitution; 3) Material substitution; 4) Food production 5) Reducing the need to travel by car. Secondly, green infrastructure, such as rivers, tree-lined streets, farmland, wetlands, dunes, wind ways, etc, could adapt to climate change: 1) Managing high temperatures; 2) Managing water supply; 3) Managing ravine flooding; 4) Managing costal flooding; 5) Managing surface water; 6) Reducing soil erosion; 7) Helping other species to adapt.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.618-634
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• 2018

This study examined ecological network change affected by the 2020 invalidation of decisions on urban parks with a focus on Busan. The analyses were conducted to five scenarios using FRAGSTATS. The green space in scenario 1 assuming all development for unexecuted urban park would decrease by 7,339.75 ha compared to scenario 5, which assumes the entire conservation of unexecuted urban parks, and the fragmentation of the ecological space in scenario 1 increased. In scenario 1, 8.06% of the total area of core habitats and 28.23% of connectivity would decrease. However, scenario 3, which assumes the conservation of environmentally sensitive areas of unexecuted urban parks, can achieve 94% of green space and 95.6% of the connectivity of the scenario 5. Scenario 3 has effects similar to scenario 5 in terms of defragmentation. Thus, conservation of environmentally sensitive areas in parks is critical and effective in maintaining ecological networks.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.27-35
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to compare and apply quantitative indices for analyzing the total green space in an urban area, targeting Guro-Gu, Seoul. The indices were classified in terms of plane, solid and urban planning. The park area per person as an index of the park green's total volume was $2.34m^2$. This clearly shows the deficiency of park area. However, it did not reflect actual green space, since undesignated forests, rivers and green spaces in the city were excluded. Green coverage area per person in terms of plane was $18.85m^2$ and was useful as an index of actual urban planting, focusing on expansion of the green space. However, the conception of total volume of park green had limitation to be recognized as a unit of area. The number of trees and green area volume per person in terms of solid was 4.1 trees and $35.8m^2$, respectively. This enabled reflection on qualitative improvement plans such as increasing the volume of trees for the high density of developed areas.

• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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• 2008.04a
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• pp.538-543
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• 2008

Urban development and industrialization cause many problems on urban environment such as climate changes, natural disasters and a decreasing number of species. Problems on urban environment are the main factor of that lower the quality of life and obstruct continual development. As a result, eco space becomes the important part of a urban planning. This research, building plan U-Eco city which is establishing with the clean environment and high technology for solve the development thoughtless for the city environment problem and ecological problem. We suggest U-Eco space system which accreted with Ubiquitous technology to three physical divisions, which are lithosphere (land), hydrosphere (water), and aerosphere (air), that interact with the whole biosphere by forming the system. It has composed with U-Green belt that corresponds to lithosphere, U-Blue belt that is applicable to hydrosphere, and U-White belt that comes under aerosphere.