• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제18권7호
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• pp.41-53
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• 2013

The study is to propose the optimal separation technique of heavy metals (Pb and Zn) contaminated in soil for improving the removal efficiency by various applicable techniques. The heavy metal contaminated soil samples near abandoned mine X-1 and X-2 were used for the study. Firstly, the wet classification process was shown more than 80% of removal efficiency for lead and zinc. Meanwhile, the magnetic separation process was shown low removal efficiency for lead and zincs because those heavy metals were non-magnetic materials. For the next step, the flotation separation process was shown approximately 24.4% of removal efficiency for zinc, while the gravity concentration process was shown approximately 57% of removal efficiency for lead, and 19.9% of removal efficiency for zinc, respectively. Therefore, zinc contaminated in soil would be effectively treated by the combination technique of the wet classification and the flotation technique. Meanwhile, lead contaminated in soil would be effectively treated by the combination technique of the wet classification process and the flotation process. Furthermore, the extraction of organic matter was shown more effective with aeration, 3% of hydrogen peroxide and 3% of lime such as calcium hydroxide.

• 자원리싸이클링
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.51-56
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• 2007

플라스틱은 아주 유용한 물질로서 우리 일상생활에 폭넓게 이용되고 있다. 국내에서는 약 400 만톤의 폐플라스틱이 발생되고 있지만 재활용율은 30% 이하로 대부분 소각이나 매립에 의해 처리되고 있다. 따라서 폐플라스틱을 재활용할 수 있는 재질분리 기술개발 필요한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 폐플라스틱 종말품으로부터 PET 회수를 위한 마찰하전 정전선별이 수행되었다. 하전특성 연구결과에 의하면, PET와 PVC의 하전극성과 하전량은 HDPE와 PP의 하전물질 그리고 상대습도가 낮을수록 효과적이었다. HDPE 싸이클론 하전장치를 이용한 재질분리 실험결과, PET의 품위와 회수율은 전극전압 30 kV 이상, 분리대위치 -2cm의 조건에서 각각 96.8%와 85.0%로 얻어졌으며, 분리대의 위치(-6cm)에 따라 PET 회수율이 24% 감소하지만 품위를 98.5%까지 분리할 수 있는 기술을 개발하였다.

• 멤브레인
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.426-433
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• 2021

본 연구에서는 polyketone (PK)을 이용하여 전기방사 조건에 따른 섬유 형상의 특성 변화와 유수분리 가능성을 확인해 보았다. 고습과 저습 조건에서는 마이크론 직경의 섬유가 형성되었으며, 특히 고습에서는 섬유의 표면이 거칠게 변한 것이 확인되었다. 섬유 직경을 micro에서 nano로 변경하기 위하여 방사용액에 염을 추가하였으며, 그 결과 섬유 직경이 약 90% 감소하는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 제조된 rPK-LNC와 PK-H로 유수분리 특성을 확인하기 위해 oil/water 에멀션으로 중력 조건에서 유수분리를 진행하였으며 total organic carbon (TOC)와 탁도를 측정하여 특성을 분석하였다. 제거율 확인결과 탁도가 TOC와 동일한 경향성을 나타내는 것이 확인되었다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 고분자의 방사조건과 염의 유무에 따른 분리막의 섬유 형상과 물리적 특성변화와 이를 이용한 유수분리 특성에 대해 연구하였다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.77-85
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• 2002

중온과 고온의 혐기성 연속회분식 공정(anaerobic sequencing batch reactor ; ASBR)에서 소화슬러지의 고액분리특성이 처리효율에 미치는 영향을 규명하고자 하였다. 연구결과 침전가능 고형물농도가 높은 도시하수슬러지 처리시 고액분리특성 및 고액분리형태가 전체처리의 안정성 및 처리효율에 상당한 영향을 미쳤다. 중온ASBR에서는 부상농축현상이 일어났으나, 고온ASBR에서는 중력농축에 의한 고액분리가 일어났으며, 상대적으로 고온 ASBR의 처리효율이 우수하였다. 그리고 수리학적 체류시간, cycle period 및 고액분리형태는 소화슬러지의 농축 특성과 임계 고형물농축을 지배하는 중요한 인자였다. 중온ASBR에서 고액분리 후 농축슬러지베드용적(thickened sludge bed volume)은 매우 중요한 운전 요소이며, 소화슬러지의 중력농축특성은 배출시 농축고형물의 유실현상과 침전시 계속적으로 발생하는 소화가스에 의한 슬러지계면의 파괴현상 및 슬러지베드의 불안전성을 야기시켜 처리효율을 감소시켰다. 중력농축의 경우 소화가스와 슬러지농축용적간의 상호작용(cyclic mutual effect)이 주기적으로 일어났으나, 부상농축에서는 이러한 현상이 일어나지 않았다.

• 한국광물학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.383-395
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• 2008

필리핀 만카얀 지역의 빅토리아 광산에서 입수한 금 은 광석으로부터 금 은 성분의 회수율을 높이기 위해 지질 및 광물학적 특성, 금과 은의 수반상태, 파 분쇄에 따른 단체 분리도, 체 분리에 의한 분립 특성과 요동테이블에 의한 비중 선별 특성을 연구하였다. 필리핀산 금 은 광석은 황철석, 섬아연석, 방연석 등의 황화광물과 석영 및 점토 등의 맥석 광물로 구성되었다. 금 은 성분은 황철석, 섬아연석, 방연석 등의 황화광물에 주로 수반되어 있었다. 황화광물 결정의 크기는 $100{\mu}m$에서 $1{\mu}m$ 이하까지 광범위한 입도분포를 갖기 때문에 금 은이 수반된 황화광물의 단체분리도를 높이기 위해서는 금 은 광석을 최소한 $100{\mu}m$ 이하로 매우 작게 분쇄해야 하는 것으로 나타났다. 금 은 광석을 Jaw crusher $\to$ cone crusher $\to$ rod mill 등으로 단계적으로 파.분쇄하여 입도($d_{90}$)를 $100{\mu}m$ 이하로 조절하면 단체분리도가 92% 정도까지 높아졌다. 금 은 성분이 함유된 황화광물의 결정이 $100{\mu}m$ 이하의 입단에서 고르게 분포되어 있기 때문에 체질에 의한 분립 방법으로는 금 은을 수반한 황화광물을 선택적으로 분리하여 회수할 수 없었다. 파 분쇄한 금 은 광석을 체로 분립한 후 요동테이블로 비중 선별한 결과, 정광에는 황화광물이 주로 농축되어 금과 은의 품위가 각각 40 ppm 및 140 ppm까지 높아졌다. 이때 정광의 금 실수율은 거의 100%에 이르지만, 은 실수율은 50% 수준에 불과하였다.

• 열처리공학회지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.22-32
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• 2023

In general, when scrap is dissolved in an electric arc furnace, the amount of electric furnace steel dust (EAFD) generated is about 1.5% of the scrap charge amount, and the electric furnace steel dust collected by the bag filter is charged into the Rotary Kiln or Rotary Hearth Furnace (RHF), and the zinc component is recovered as crude zinc oxide, at which time a clinker of Fe-Base is generated. In this research, first, for the efficient resource conversion of electric furnace steel dust, a reduction and roasting experiment was conducted and the reaction kinetics was examined. As a result of the experiment, it was observed that the reduction and roasting reaction was actively conducted in the range of 1100~1150℃, and melting occurred in the range of 1250℃. In the past, this clinker was widely used as a roadbed material for road construction and an Fe-Source for cement production, but in recent years, it has been mainly reclaimed due to strengthening environmental standards. However, landfill treatment is by no means a desirable treatment method due to environmental pollution caused by leachate, expensive landfill costs, and waste of Fe resources. Therefore, in order to more actively recycle the Fe component in the clinker, first of all the clinker was pulverized into an optimal particle size, and anthracite and binder (starch) were added to the magnetic material obtained by specific gravity and magnetic separation for briquet. As a experimental results, it was possible to efficiently separate clinker as Fe component and other slag component by specific gravity and magnetic force. As a results of loading and dissolving the manufactured briquet clinker in an electric arc furnace, it was observed that the unit of power and production yield were clearly improved and the carbon addition effect in molten metal was also somewhat.

• 한국산업융합학회 논문집
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.803-812
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• 2023

The subsea separator of an offshore plant for offshore oil and gas development performs the process of separating oil and gas from crude oil produced in the subsea. The oil-gas subsea separator can be divided into a gravity type that separates fluids by gravity and an in-line type that separates fluids using centrifugal force of density. In the case of the deep sea, the development of a small in-line type separator is required due to manufacturing cost and safety problems caused by water pressure. Therefore, in this study, the gas-liquid phase separation efficiency of the subsea separator was identified through the study of the multiphase flow characteristics of the in-line type separator. For the optimal design of the in-line type separator, the shape of the internal swirl element(ISE) was selected first, and the separation efficiency results for each section of the in-line type separator were analyzed. This study was conducted in parallel with experiments and numerical analysis, and it is expected that the reliability and efficiency of the in-line type separator will be improved through the results.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.677-684
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• 2006

Electro-flotation(EF), a novel sludge thickening method, could improve the dewaterability of activated sludge. The gas(microbubbles) generated during EF decreased the solid-liquid separation time below 1/5 of the time required for gravity sedimentation. In addition, over 90% of the sludge volume reduction could be achieved by EF although the settling characteristics of the sludge was very poor. The SRF(specific resistance to filtration) of the thickened sludge by EF was much lower than that of the sludge thickened by gravity sedimentation. The SRF of the thickened sludge decreased exponentially with increase of gas generation rate of the EF system. Gas generation rate could be controlled by varying the current density of the electrode. Degasing of the microbubbles by vigorous mixing of the thickened sludge layer deteriorated the dewaterability of the sludge. Therefore, it is obvious that the gas bubbles entrapped in the thickened sludge play a key role in the observed dewaterability improvement.

• 동력기계공학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.64-72
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• 2001

According to the regulation of IMO, oil discharge from ships is allowed under 15ppm only and an oil filtering equipment is essential. However, for large ships using heavy fuel oil of over S.G 0.98 and viscosity 380cSt and system oil, it has been in difficulty to process with existing filtering type of oily water separator. A parallel plate type oily water separator which is one of gravity type separators can be used as an assistant equipment for the oil filtering system to meet the present IMO standard of 15 ppm, because it is an efficient method in dealing with a large amount of rich oil with high specific gravity. This work is focused on the fundamental investigation of the performance of the plate type oily water separator by visualization method and PIV(Particle Image Velocimetry) measurement to acquire multi-point velocity data simultaneously. The experimental results showed that the space of the plates acts a significant role in separating process and it was found that an important point to minimize a vortex flow is to flow a large amount of fluid in space of the plates in order to promote the efficiency of separation.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.717-724
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• 2010

The initial trajectory of a spheroid configuration bobbin for precision guidance has been investigated by analyzing its aerodynamic load and six-degree-of-freedom motion. The effects of changes in the spheroidal head configuration, flow angle and lateral center-of-gravity offset are numerically studied using the commercial software "FLUENT". A wind tunnel test is also conducted to validate the numerical scheme and to examine effect of the Reynolds number on the flow around the bobbin. It is shown that the size of the separation bubble formed on the surface decreases significantly when the Reynolds number is varied between 110,000 and 140,000. At a zero flow angle, an oblate spheroidal head shows relatively moderate rotation while a prolate spheroidal head shows rapid rotation. The bobbin with a spherical head shape has little effect on the flow direction; however, the oblate bobbin is sensitive to the flow angle. The roll motion of the bobbin is greatly influenced by the lateral center-of-gravity offset and maximum dispersion is observed at half of the radius.