• 제목/요약/키워드: Grass-Legume Pasture

검색결과 25건 처리시간 0.024초

Effects Of Grass/Legume Pasture on Forage Production, Forage Nutritive Values and Live Weight Gain of the Grazing Heifer

  • Seo, Sung;Lee, J.K.;Shin, D.E.;Chung, E.S.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제10권3호
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    • pp.289-292
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    • 1997
  • A grazing trial was carried out to determine the effects of different grass/legume pastures on forage production, legume proportion, nutritive value, and animal performance. The pasture mixtures were mainly orchardgrass (OG) + ladino clover (T1), OG + alfalfa (T2), perennial ryegrass + alfalfa (T3), and grass alone mainly OG (T4). The pastures were rotationally grazed 7 times with heifers which had an initial liveweight of about 243 kg in 1991 and 1992. The average plant height at each grazing was 32.4 cm. The annual dry matter yield ranged from 9.19 MT in T4 to 9.61 MT/ha in T3, but no significant difference among different mixture combinations was found. The proportion of ladino clover in T1 mixtures rapidly increased from 21% to 68% during the grazing season. However, the proportion of alfalfa in T2 and T3 ranged from 12% to 23%. The contents of crude protein and calcium, respectively, in the forages were highest in T1 (23.2%, 0.68%) and lowest in T4 (18.5%, 0.13%), while crude fiber content showed the opposite trends. Liveweight gain was greatest on T1 (1.073 kg) and lowest on T4 (643 kg). It was concluded that pasture mixtures containing legume (ladino clover) can increase forage nutritive value and animal performance.

제주지역 초지에서 혼파조합 및 질소수준이 식생구성 및 사초생산성에 미치는 영향 (Effects of Seed Mixture and Nitrogen Levels on Botanical Composition and Forage Productivity for Pasture in Jeju)

  • 박형수;황경준;박남건;김원호;이종경;김종근;이기원;임영철
    • 한국축산시설환경학회지
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    • 제15권3호
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    • pp.263-270
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    • 2009
  • 본 연구는 친환경축산의 실천 및 유기조사료 생산을 위해 방목초지에서 혼파조합 및 질소시비 수준이 식생구성과 사초생산성에 미치는 영향을 평가하기 위하여 수행되었다. 본 시험은 2003년 8월부터 2005년 12월까지 난지농업연구소 시험포장에서 실시하였다. 시험처리는 혼파조합을 주구로 질소 시비수준을 세구로 하는 9처리 3반복 분할구배치법으로 배치하여 사초생산성과 식생구성변화를 조사하였다. 목초의 총 건물생산량은 두과혼파에 의해 높은 증가(P<0.01)를 보였으며, 질소시용 수준간에는 뚜렷한 차이를 보이지 않았으며 식생구성비율은 1년차 봄에 화본과의 비율은 80% 정도의 비율을 차지하였으나 여름과 가을에는 두과 비율이 94% 이상의 높은 비율을 나타냈다. 혼파조합에 따른 조단백질 함량은 화본과 단파구(T1) 보다 두과목초 혼파구가 14.9%에서 18.0%로 평균 3.1% 높게 나타났으며 질소시비 수준에 따라서는 16.6~17.5%로 뚜렷한 차이를 보이지 않았다.

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산지(山地)의 초지개발 (Hill Land Pasture Development)

  • 데이비스
    • 한국토양비료학회지
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    • 제11권4호
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    • pp.263-269
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    • 1979
  • Pasture establishment techniques successfully employed in the alpine region of Korea are outlined. The subsequent management of the mixed grass/legume pasture to maintain a high producing sward is also described. Relevant overseas literature has been reviewed and related to the methods in use at the ROK/NZ Beef Farming Research and Demonstration Project in the alpine region of Kangweon-do.

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Backgrounding steers on temperate grasses mixed with vetch and/or using energy supplementation

  • de Oliveira Lazzarotto, Eduardo Felipe Colerauz;de Menezes, Luis Fernando Glasenapp;Paris, Wagner;Molinete, Marcos Luis;Schmitz, Gean Rodrigo;Baraviera, Jose Henrique Ignacio;Farenzena, Roberta;de Paula, Adalberto Luiz
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제32권6호
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    • pp.800-807
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    • 2019
  • Objective: The aim was to evaluate backgrounding beef steers on oat + ryegrass pastures mixed with vetch and/or using energy supplementation. Methods: A randomized block design with three treatments and three replications was used. The treatments were: grass + supplement (oat + ryegrass + supplementation), legume + supplement (oat + ryegrass + vetch + supplementation) and grass + legume (oat + ryegrass + vetch). A continuous grazing system with a variable stocking rate was used. Twenty-seven intact crossbred steers (1/4 Marchigiana, 1/4 Aberdeen Angus and 2/4 Nellore) aged 7 months old and average weight of 190 kg were used. Steers were supplemented at 1% of the body weight of ground corn. The experiment lasted 84 days, between May and August 2014. Behavioral assessments were performed two times per experimental period, for 24 hours. Results: The forage mass was different between treatments, being greater for steers fed without legume. The accumulation rate, forage allowance, and stocking rate did not differ between treatments due to the adequate adjustment of forage allowance. The final weight of animals, as well as the dry matter intake (kg/d), did not differ between treatments. However, forage intake was higher for non-supplemented animals in relation to supplemented steers. Supplement intake did not alter the total digestible nutrient intake due to pasture quality. Animals fed grass + supplement had higher live weight gain per area than those fed grass + legume. Animals without supplementation spent more time in grazing. Conclusion: Feeding behavior was not altered by mixing with vetch or supplementation. Non-supplemented animals started the grazing peak earlier and spent more time in grazing than those supplemented; however, the average daily gain was similar between treatments. The live weight gain per hectare was 47% higher in pastures in which the animals received supplementation compared with those mixed with vetch, a consequence of the substitutive effect.

초지개량에 미치는 가리시비의 효과에 관한 연구 (Sudies on the of $K_2O$Fertilization for the Pasturu Improvement)

  • 권순기;김용국;김문규
    • 한국초지조사료학회지
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    • 제3권1호
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    • pp.17-25
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    • 1982
  • 초지개량(草地改良)에 있어서 가리(加里)의 시용수준(施用水準) 및 질소(窒素)와 인산(燐酸)의 시비량(施肥量) 관계(關係)가 목초(牧草)의 생산성(生産性)에 미치는 영향(影響)을 구명(究明)하기 위해서 화본과(禾本科) 단파구(單播區), 두과(荳科) 단파구(單播區) 및 혼파구(混播區)로 구분(區分)하여 가리(加里)의 시비수준(施肥水準)을 달리하면서 1977년(年)부터 1980년(年)까지 3년간(年間)에 걸쳐 실험(實驗)한 결과(結果)를 요약(要約)하면 다음과 같다. 1. 가리(加里)의 시비수준(施肥水準)이 목초(牧草)의 정착(定着)과는 영향(影響)이 없으나 화본과(禾本科) 단파구(單播區)에서는 월동성(越冬性)에 효과가 있는 경향(傾向)을 보였다. 2. 목초(牧草)의 수량(收量)은 화본과(禾本科) 단파구(單播區)에서 가리(加里)의 시용(施用) 효과가 높게 나타나는 경향(傾向)이지만 두과(荳科) 단파구(單播區)와 혼파구(混播區)에서는 큰 차이(差異)가 없었다. 3. 고형물(固形物) 수량(收量)은 두과구(荳科區)의 4처리구(處理區)가 10a 1,152kg으로 가장 많고 혼파구(混播區)에서는 3처리구(處理區) 1,093kg, 화본과(禾本科) 단파구(單播區)는 5처리구(處理區)의 834kg이 가장 많았다. 4. 식생상태(植生狀態)의 변화(變化)는 화본과(禾本科) 단파구(單播區)에서 orchard grass와 tall fescue가 해를 경과할수록 증가(增加)하였으며 두과단파구(荳科單播區)와 혼파구(混播區)에서 alfalfa가 90% 이상(以上)의 우점초(優占草)가 되었는데 특(特)히 orchard grass는 가리(加里)의 증비(增肥) 효과가 큰 것 같다. 5. 초지개량(草地改良)에 있어서 본(本) 실험(實驗)의 결과(結果)로 나타난 적정시비수준(適正施肥水準)은 10a 당(當) 질소(窒素), 인산(燐酸), 가리(加里)를 화본과(禾本科) 단파구(單播區)에서 20-20-30kg을 시용(施用)할 때 최고(最高)의 수량(收量)을 나타냈으며 두과(荳科) 단파구(單播區)에서는 8-20-20kg을 시용(施用)하였을 때 최고수량(最高收量)을 얻을 수 있었다. 6. 시비수준(施肥水準)에 따르는 비료가격(肥料價格)과 목초(牧草)의 고형물(固形物) 수량(收量)에 의(衣)해서 1kg 생산(生産)에 소요(所要)된 비료가격(肥料價格)을 비교(比較)하면 혼파구(混播區)의 1처리구(處理구) 수익(收益)이 높은데 그 이유(理由)는 인산(燐酸)의 비료가격(肥料價格)에 의(依)한 것이다. 7. 본(本) 실험(實驗)은 종합적(綜合的)으로 고찰(考察)할 때 목초(牧草)의 고형물(固形物) 수량(收量)과 시비가격(施肥價格)으로 보아 화본과(禾本科)는 10a 당(當) 20-20-20kg, 두과(荳科)와 혼파구(混播區)는 8-20-20kg의 시비수준(施肥水準)이 경제적으로 가장 유리(有利)한 것 같다.

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주요 사료작물의 곤포 Silage 조제이용에 관한 연구 I. 작물의 생리적 특성과 곤포 Silage 조제이용 (Study on Baled Silage Making of Selected Forage Crop and Pesture Grasses I. Discussion on baled silage making as affected by phtsiological characteristics of tth plants)

  • 김정갑;강우성;한정대;신정남;한민수;김건엽
    • 한국초지조사료학회지
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    • 제15권1호
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    • pp.73-79
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    • 1995
  • A simple conservation technique baled silage making of selected froage materials was discussed in Suwon and in Muan county during 1991 - 1992. Eleven species of forage crops and pasture grasses(maize. sorghum, pearl millet, barnyardgrass, rye, barley, spring oat, Italian ryegrass, orchardgrass, alfalfa and grass-legume pasture mixtures) were harvested at different growth stage from young plant to maturity and baled in a self constructed square baling chamber, and wrapped in a 0.05mm thick polyethylene plastic film. Each bales measured by 90cm long, 60cm wide and 50cm height and weighted between 15~20kg in dry matter basis. physio-molphologcal characteristics of the plants, leaf weight ratio(LWR), leaf area ratio(LAR), stalk ratio (SR), stalk hardness(SH) and other growth parameters, were analysed and were used as a parameter to evaluate the suitability of materials for baling. Italian ryegrass including orchardgrass, alfalfa and pasture mixtures produced high quality baled silage. Silage quality point(F1ieg-point) of Italian ryegrass was improved from 63 point in crushed custom silage to 75 piont in baled silage. Meterial of grass-legume pasture mixtures showed 55 point in crushed silage and 67 point in baled silage. Fodder rye, barley, spring oat and barnyardgrass were also evaluated as a good materials for baled silage making. On the other hand, meize including sorghum and peral millet were evaluated as a not suitable materals for baling due to its high value of SR and SH. Quality of maize was excellent with 88 point in clushed silage and medium with 47 point in baled silage making.

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산지초지개발을 위한 다량요소의 적정 시비비율 및 시비량 결정에 관한 연구 I. 혼파초지에서 음이온 N:S:P 및 양이온 K:Ca:Mg 적정시비비율 (The Optimal Combination and Amount of Major Nutrients Computed by the Homes Systematic Variation Technique for the Hilly Pasture Development I. Determination of the optimal combinations of anions N:S:P and cations K:Ca:Mg in fertilation on a grass-clover mixed sward)

  • 정연규;김성채
    • 한국초지조사료학회지
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    • 제9권1호
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    • pp.26-33
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    • 1989
  • 산지초지개발과 聯關된 草地士壞개랑 및 施肥法改攻善을 馬하여 Homes의 Systematic variations 方法으로 多量要素 anions N : S : P 및 Cations K : Ca Ca:Mg 적정비료비율J인比率 (當量基準) 을 決定코자 山地 土爆을 공시한 Pot試驗으로 Orchardgrass-Ladino clover混播條件에서 수행한 결과는 1. 混播條件에서 各構成훌種別 最高收量을 얻기 위한 적정비료比率을 求하였다(Table 4), 大略的으로 未本科목초는 N: S : P=3: 1 : I, K: Ca: Mg= 1 1 : 1, 두과목초는 N : S : P= 1 : 6 : 43, K: Ca : :Mg=I:3: 1을 보였고, 그리고 混슴收草에서는 未本科목초의 境遇와 비슷한 경향을 보였다. 2... 混播條件에서 건물收量은 未本科 및 혼합목초에서는 N> P> S-group 및 $K\geq$Ca$\geq$Mg-group 순으로; 두과목초는 P> S> N-group과 Ca > $Mg\geq$K-group 순으로 높았다. 特히 未本科救草는 N-group에서 荳科목초는 P~및 Ca-group에서 수량이 매우 높았다. 3. 士壞의 pH는 S-group 에서 낮아졌고 (5.9->5.3). Ca, Mg-group에서는 높아졌다(5.9->6.7). 그리고 Ca-group에서 유효$P_2O_5$,含量, CEC 및 염기포화도가 상대적으로 제일 높았다. 4. 未本科 및 혼합목초는 N-group에서 높은 N 含量과 낮은 P함량을 보였고, 낮은 P함량으로 Ca/P 比가 anion-group 中 第一 높은 2.15를 보였다. 두과목초에서는 Ca - group 에 서 第一 높은 9.20을 보였다. 두과목초에서는 未本科목초보다 相對的으로 Ca Mg함량이 높아 Ca/P 比가 높고, K/(Ca+Mg) 當量 比가 낮은 特性을 보였다. 5.. 無機養分收量과 건물收量間에는 各處理別 증수효과의 差異를 보였다. 목초중 各無機養分의 收量提高를 위한 多量要素의 적정시비比率을 求하였고. 이는 건물收量의 境遇와는 差異가 있었다 .. K-와 Mg-group間에는 길항적인 Mg 및 K收量 減少을 보였다.

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산지초지개발을 위한 다량요소의 적정 시비비율 및 시비량결정에 관한 연구 II. 혼파초지에서 $\sum$음이온:$\sum$양이온 적정시비비율 및 적정총량분시비량 (The Optimal Combination and Amount of Major Nutrients Computed by the Homes Systematic Variation Technique for the Hilly Pasture Development II. Determination of the optimal combination of $\sum$anion:$\sum$ cation and the optimal appoication rate of total ions)

  • 정연규;김성채
    • 한국초지조사료학회지
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    • 제9권1호
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    • pp.34-42
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    • 1989
  • 山地草地開發파 聯關된 草地士爆改良 및 施R巴法 改善올 薦하여 Homes의 Systematic variations 方法으로 多量要素 ${\Sigma}$Anion : ${\Sigma}$Cation 適正施服比率 및 適正總養分(${\Sigma}$A+ ${\Sigma}$C) 施肥量을 決定코자 Grass-clover 混播我培條件에서 山地土壞을 供試한 Pot 試驗으로 遂行한 結果는 1. 混播條件에서 各構成草種別 收量提高를 위한 ${\Sigma}$A/${\Sigma}$C 適正施服比率 및 適正總養分濃度를 換算 하였다(Table 6 ). 未本科 및 混合救草의 適正 ${\Sigma}$A:${\Sigma}$C=2 : 1 (80, 320meq/pot 時) 와 3 : 2 (560, 800 meq時)를 보였고, 荳科목초는 未本科收草의 경우와는 相反되게 供히 約 1 : 2比率을 보였다. 2.. 適正總養分灌度는 混合收草 및 未本科收草에서는 ${\Sigma}$A/${\Sigma}$C比率이 낮아질수록 -.般的으로 높은 濃度를 보였으나, 荳科목초는 일관성 높은 없이 多少 變異福이 컸다. 3. 未本科 및 혼합목초에서는 ${\Sigma}$A/${\Sigma}C$C 比率이 커 질수록, 總養分禮度가 增加할수록 乾物收量이 增加하였으나, 높은 農度 (560, 800meq/pot) 에서는 ${\Sigma}$A/${\Sigma}$C=2.125 보다 1. 273 처리에서 有意性 있게 높은 收量을 보였다. 反面에 두과목초의 收量은 ${\Sigma}$C 比率이 높아질수록 收量增加를 보였고, ${\Sigma}$C 比率이 높은 條件에서만 總濃度 증가에 따르는 收量增加를 보였다. 4. 두과목초에서는 ${\Sigma}$C>${\Sigma}C$A比率에서 乾物收量에 對단 ${\Sigma}$C 효율이 높은것을(80meq 例外) 除外 하고는 各구성초중 供히 ${\Sigma}$A 및 ${\Sigma}$C比率이 낮을 때, 總養分濃度가 낮을때 各 ${\Sigma}$A 및 ${\Sigma}C$C 효율이 높았다. 5. 各구성草種의 收量 및 植生밟成比率이 ${\Sigma}$A/${\Sigma}$C比率 및 總、養分濃度와 이들의 相互作用에 크게 影響을 받았고, 未本科와 두과목초間은 大體로 相反된 特性을 보였다. 또한 士壞의 化學的 特性 및 건초중 無機養分의 含量이 處理에 따라 부분적으로 變化 되었다.

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GRAZING MANAGEMENT STUDIES WITH THAI GOATS I. PRODUCTIVITY OF FEMALE GOATS GRAZING NEWLY ESTABLISHED PASTURE WITH VARYING LEVELS OF SUPPLEMENTARY FEEDING

  • Kochapakdee, S.;Pralomkarn, W.;Saithanoo, S.;Lawpetchara, A.;Norton, B.W.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제7권2호
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    • pp.289-294
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    • 1994
  • This report deals with the effect of levels of concentrate supplementary feeding (Nil, 0.25% BW and 0.75% BW) on the productivity of different genotypes (Thai native (TN), 25% Anglo-Nubian (AN), 50% AN and 75% AN) of female goats grazing newly established pasture in a tropical area. The major species of grass was Brachiaria mutica (33%) and of legumes was Centrosema pubescens (34%). There was no significant (p>0.05) difference between nil and 0.25% BW supplementary feeding for growth rate ($g/kg^{0.75}/d$). However, goats fed 0.75% BW supplementary feeding had significantly (p<0.01) higher growth rates than did other treatments. There was no significant (p>0.05) difference among genotypes and between age for growth rate. There was no interaction between feeding and genotype for growth rate.

Nutritional Characteristics of Forage Grown in South of Benin

  • Musco, Nadia;Koura, Ivan B.;Tudisco, Raffaella;Awadjihe, Ghislain;Adjolohoun, Sebastien;Cutrignelli, Monica I.;Mollica, Maria Pina;Houinato, Marcel;Infascelli, Federico;Calabro, Serena
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제29권1호
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    • pp.51-61
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    • 2016
  • In order to provide recommendations on the most useful forage species to smallholder farmers, eleven grass and eleven legume forages grown in Abomey-Calavi in Republic of Benin were investigated for nutritive value (i.e. chemical composition and energy content) and fermentation characteristics (i.e. gas and volatile fatty acid production, organic matter degradability). The in vitro gas production technique was used, incubating the forages for 120 h under anaerobic condition with buffalo rumen fluid. Compared to legume, tropical grass forages showed lower energy (8.07 vs 10.57 MJ/kg dry matter [DM]) and crude protein level (16.10% vs 19.91% DM) and higher cell wall content (neutral detergent fiber: 63.8% vs 40.45% DM), respectively. In grass forages, the chemical composition showed a quite high crude protein content; the in vitro degradability was slightly lower than the range of tropical pasture. The woody legumes were richer in protein and energy and lower in structural carbohydrates than herbaceous plants, however, their in vitro results are influenced by the presence of complex compounds (i.e. tannins). Significant correlations were found between chemical composition and in vitro fermentation characteristics. The in vitro gas production method appears to be a suitable technique for the evaluation of the nutritive value of forages in developing countries.