• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics B
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• v.33B no.3
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• pp.176-185
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• 1996

Transformin the huge size of drawings into a suitable format for CAD system and recognizng the contents of drawings are the major concerans in the automated analysis of engineering drawings. This paper proposes some methods for text/graphics separation, symbol extraction, vectorization and symbol recognition with the object of applying them to electronic cirucit drawings. We use MBR (Minimum bounding rectangle) and size of isolated region on the drawings for separating text and graphic regions. Characteristics parameters such as the number of pixels, the length of circular constant and the degree of round shape are used for extracting loop symbols and geometric structures for non-loop symbols. To recognize symbols, nearest netighbor between FD (foruier descriptor) of extractd symbols and these of classification reference symbols is used. Experimental results show that the proposed method can generate compact vector representation of extracted symbols and perform the scale change and rotation of extracted symbol using symbol vectorization. Also we achieve an efficient searching of circuit drawings.

• International Journal of Quality Innovation
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.79-89
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• 2008

Each amusement park has a wayfinding system, while symbols are important mediums to guide tourists to find their destinations. It is very important that whether the meanings of symbols recognized by tourists immediately. This paper mainly discusses the recognition of graphic symbols in amusement park, and proposes the improvement suggestions. Materials for this study were drawn from 20 different graphic symbols of a theme amusement park in Taiwan. The testees were required to evaluate the design of graphic symbols based on symbolic meaning and graphics recognition to summarize the confusion matrix. The results show that there are three groups of graphic symbols easy to be confused, and five symbols not meeting a criterion of 67% correct responses. The reasons were discussed, and improvement and relevant suggestions have been proposed, which may be helpful to redesign of symbols.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.36 no.7
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• pp.727-740
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• 2012

This study is for the enhancement and utilization of future graphic design for T-shirts and deals with the expression styles and features of T-shirt graphic designs that appear in modern fashion. A literature examination about graphic design and T-shirts was performed for the research method and the analysis followed 378 pieces of graphic design featured in four major international collections for females from 2001S/S to 2011S/S. The research results from the expression type of T-shirt graphic design in the modern fashion are as follows. Expression in graphic figure accounts for the largest portion of 40.8% that includes illustration or cartoon characters, personal figure or part of the physical body, object in daily life or landscape pictures, animals and plants, and others. Expression given in text with typography or logo accounted for 27.5%, expression combined with letter/text, graphics and geometric figures accounted for 24.3%, geometrical expression accounted for 7.4%; most of which are given in print. Characteristics found in modern fashion graphic design are as follows. First, role of sort of public relations marketing was accompanied with utilization of brand logo or symbol. Second, visual play was shown in a sense of humor with diverse graphic figures and playful texts, witty layout with graphic motives, and a free design formation. Third, it denoted a front burner issue delivering the message for various current events or arguments via the way of texts, slogans, and symbolic pictures. Fourth, it depicted artistry through the self-expressive creation of the designer.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.25-30
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• 1987

EDAS_P 시스팀을 이루고 있는 8개의 tool 중 symbol의 모양을 정의하는 SYMED_P, 전자회로도를 입력시키는 SCHED_P, 그리고 논리 검증결과를 그림으로 표현하는 WAVGR_P는 graphics 기술을 이용하여 정보를 취급한다. 본고에서는 그림으로 정보를 표현하는데 필요한 기술을 발췌식으로 선별하여 소개하였으며, 그림정보를 표현하는 형식 및 정보의 종류를 설명한다.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.149-158
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• 1987

This paper describes the SEAS which is a 2-dimensional graphic editor for schematic circuit and IC mask layout. This system runs on general purpose computer and Tektronix 4110 series graphic terminal. With this system, user can edit schematic circuits and/or IC mask layout with 2 level hierarchy. This system supports more than 20 kinds of built-in symbol, user definable internal symbols, 60 macros, 16 function keys, 4 level on-screen menu operation and edit-in-place of cell in main drawing. And it provides editing functions such as reflection, rotation, move and copy of one or a group of elements, and modification of polygona geometry etc. To improve the excution speed, we used local memory of graphic terminal. For the portability of the program, the system is written in FORTRAN 77 programming language.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.191-196
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• 2018

Recently, consumers' taste has been diversified, consumption pattern has changed, and product package design has been gradually developed. The product packaging design should be made to be able to know the contents accurately, and it should have the charm that attracts consumers' attention and makes them want to buy the goods. In addition, product design should motivate consumers to buy according to brand naming, package layout, content expression method, taste color, as well as graphic elements that induce visual effects.The graphic elements that express the image of the contents in a package design of the product at a glance are the most essential elements to enhance the value added of the product and to induce the purchase motivation and rationalization of the consumer. This study is a study on visual image symbol image using visual information metadata in livestock products. It examines cases of various livestock packages and presents graphical elements that can visualize livestock images at a glance as metadata elements. We will pursue the premiumization of livestock products, raise brand value, and offer differentiating design strategies for economic benefits as well as potential for revitalizing the livestock market.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1991.10a
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• pp.894-899
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• 1991

GRAFCET is the program language for a sequential control and utilized in the description of sequence of a process. This study is to implement GRAFCET editor and compiler for personnel computer. The GRAFCET editor module is developed to use as menu-driven method based on the graphic screen and the graphic symbol. So, users can use it interactively. The GRAFCET compiler module analyzes the already drawed GRAFCET diagram, then translates it to Z80 assembly code. After generating Z80 machine code from assembly code, we can send the outputed machine code file to Z80 one-board computer through RS232C. We have developed the GRAFCET programming tool to utilize under IBM PC/AT with the VGA monitor, and it may be contribute to low cost automation system.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2004.11b
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• pp.220-222
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• 2004

In the paper architecture of load flow under graphic interface we mentioned that the define of graphic interface and the way of system modeling. In the view point of engineering, domain define is the step of process which is seek out the general solution. This is a base of program's structure. When making a relationship inner component, relevance and restriction are affected by data type and etc. In this process logical data is realized as a symbol. And system configuration decide that main function and extension by the analysis user's demand and requirements. Specially engineering analysis software has accuracy also through the numerical method. To represent this wee need more powerful graphical component. This helps user's accessibility. We can combine 10, numerical library and graphical component as a system element by domain definition. In this paper we will materialize as a step of implementation and decide a direction of programming. In conclusion we will see the analysis software's necessary function to make a better.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 1998.05a
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• pp.323-329
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• 1998

Fatigue strength database system was developed for Windows 95 on personal computer. The relational database management system Visual Foxpro 5.0 was used. The database system developed contains 3,147 S-N curves and 311 $\varepsilon$-N ones for 437 material symbols and has the ability to search data by material symbol that each specification marks differently. Visual Basic 5.0 was used for graphic presentation and statistical treatment of the data searched.

• Archives of design research
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• v.11
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• pp.22-29
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• 1995

I have to find standpoint of sight moulding of Chi I Sung Hwa(seven stars picture) analysis of graphic systems of a symbol sight native to our nation. And I will comprehend emotion of folkways by simple and graphic lines and colors in mathematical Grid of which ancestor had expressed in gauge moulding consciousness. This papers aim is to make a contribution to lead by on part of communication design. About structural analysis of pictorial graphic side. I) Mathematical thought of the Orient and space constitution are first basically the Orient expressed number notion of mathematics of unlimitedness and notion of zero so called space and empty second can analigize a diagonal expansion method by development of symmetry notion to basic the dual principle of the negative and positive by degrees development expressed space division method by direction notion. 2) About the proportion analysis it based the golden section globularity and in modern layout it takes vision center of position, after appointing the brow of sacred image of Chil Sung Hwa as center point of proportion and applied to the point proportion and so analigized the posibility of established. Rule in union of each elements and rule of forms about picture image. 3) Mathematical structure analysis to search a unified principle at the balanced arrangement and rule of forms it analigized the standard the rule of forms. it analigized the standard the rule of forms to body module of basic movement of protagonist and follower above basic forms of grid that is the basis of design system.