• The Korean Journal of Pharmacology
• /
• v.1 no.1 s.1
• /
• pp.47-52
• /
• 1965

There are several methods used for screening and evaluating anti -inflammatory agents. Among these, 'Granuloma pouch' technic introduced by Hans Selye is considered as a simple and reliable method. The procedure of 'Granuloma pouch' technic is as follows: Rats were used as experimental animals. An air pocket was produced in the subcutaneous tissue of the mid-dorsal portion between the shoulders by the injection of 25ml of the air which was immediately followed by injection of 1 ml of 1% croton oil as irritant. Inflammatory exudate accumulated in the pouch during the succeeding 14 days. After sacrificing the rats on the last day of the experiment, the amount of the exudate in the pouch and the weight of the granuloma tissue was measured. The author observed and compared the anti-inflammatory activities of the several steroid compounds when they are given by different methods. 1. In the control rats, the amount of inflammatory fluid and the weight of the granuloma tissue after 14 days were 9ml and 3gm respectively. 2. Injection of hydrocortisone 1.5mg subcutanenusly, 24 hours prior to pouch formation into the area where the pouch is to be formed, successfully prevented the inflammatory processes. 3. Injection of hydrocortisone 1.5mg in the air pocket formed 24 hours prior to croton oil injection was ineffective. 4. Injection of hydrocortisone into the pouch at a distance of 5mm apart from the pouch formation did not prevent the development of inflammation. 5. Anti-inflammatory activities of hydrocortisone administered systematically(injected intramuscularly into the area which is not related to the area of pouch formation) for 10 days were proportional to the doses of hydrocortisone administered. 6. DOCA, testosterone, and progesterone did not show the anti-inflammatory activity.

• The Korean Journal of Pharmacology
• /
• v.23 no.2
• /
• pp.151-157
• /
• 1987

Cyclobuxine D, a steroidal alkaloid, was extracted from Buxus microphylla var. koreana Nakai. The effects of cyclobuxine D on carrageenin-induced pleurisy and croton oil-induced granuloma pouch in rats was investigated and compared with those of aspirin, hydrocortisone ana dexamethasone. Intrapleural injection of 2% carrageenin caused the accumulation of exudate. The rate of plasma exudation, measured by the exuded dye amounts for 20 min in the pleural cavity after intravenous injection of pontamine sky blue, showed a peak at 5 hr. Cyclobuxine D (5, 20 and 50 mg/kg, i.p.) suppressed dose-dependently the accumulation of the pleural exudate and the exudation of dye. Among several methods used for screening and evaluation anti-inflammatory agents, granuloma pouch technic introduced by Hans Selye (Hans seyle, 1953) is considered as a simple and reliable method. An air pocket was produced in the subcutaneous tissue of the interscapular region by injection of 1 ml of 1% croton oil as irritant. Inflammatory exudate accumulated in the pouch during the succeding 14 days. Cyclobuxine D (5 and 20 mg/kg) decreased fluid volume in pouch and weight of pouch wall in granulomatous inflammation.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
• /
• v.31 no.3
• /
• pp.154-163
• /
• 1987

Daidzein and its methyl derivatives were synthesized and their anti-inflammatory activities were examined. Daidzein suppressed the carrageenin-induced edema, but its methyl derivatives showed decrease or abolition of the anti-inflammatory effect. Daidzein did not significantly suppress the complete Freund's adjuvant-induced arthritis, and the mixed phlogistics (histamine+serotonin)-induced edema. Daidzein inhibited the leukocyte emigration and protein exudation when it was administered into the CMC pouch at low doses (5,25mg/pouch). Daidzein significantly suppressed the cotton-pellet granuloma formation.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
• /
• v.31 no.2
• /
• pp.216-223
• /
• 2000

The anti-inflammatory activity of SEO-KYONG-TANG extract(SKTWE) was examined by using carrageenin- and acetic acid-induced edema, croton oil-induced granuloma pouch, and adjuvant arthritis in rats. In addition, the acute toxicity, analgesic and antipyretic effects of SKTWE were investigated by using general experimental methods in mice. SKTWE did not show acute toxicity at 2400 mg/kg(p.o.) nor 1200 mg/kg(i.p.). After oral administration of the SKTWE to rats, significant anti-inflammatory activity was observed on 1% carrageenin- and 5% acetic acid-induced edema. Also, it significantly inhibited granuloma and exudation in these. In the adjuvant arthritis experiment, the SKTWE decreased the hind paw edema after 3 days of oral administration. In addition, it inhibited the writhing syndromes induced by 0.7% acetic acid in mice. The antipyretic activity of SKTWE was also observed through the typhoid vaccine experiment. These results suggest that SKTWE has analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic action.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
• /
• v.7 no.2
• /
• pp.145-152
• /
• 1999

In an attempt to elucidate the anti-inflammatory action of ginseng total saponin, protopanaxadiol and protopanaxatriol, the anti-inflammatory activity of three compounds was investigated under various acute and chronic inflammatory models. The blood vessel permeability was slightly inhibited by total saponin and protopanaxatriol treatments. Granuloma formation induced by 2% carrageenan was inhibited by total saponin and protopanaxatriol. The cotton-pellet granuloma formation was significantly inhibited by intraperitoneal injection of total saponin. Total saponin and protopanaxadiol inhibited leukocyte emigration and protein exudation in CMC-induced pouch but protopanaxauiol increased leukocyte emigration. The swelling of rat hind paw induced by 1% carrageenan was significantly inhibited by total saponin, protopanaxadiol and protopanaxatriol both single and 2 weeks treatments. Total saponin, protopanaxadiol and protopanaxatriol decreased the anti-inflammatory activity in adrenalectomized rat. Our results suggest that total saponin, protopanaxadiol and protopanaxatriol have potent anti-inflammatory activity, this may be mediated in part through stimulation of adrenal glands.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
• /
• v.37 no.2
• /
• pp.124-128
• /
• 1993

The anti-inflammatory activity of the aqueous extract from Gleditsiae spina was investigated utilizing carrageenin-induced edema, granuloma pouch and adjuvant arthritis in rats. The effects of this agent on vascular permeability and acetic acid-induced writhing in mice were also examined. Its anti-inflammatory activity on carrageenin edema was observed with oral administration. The aqueous extract from Gleditsiae spina(400 mg/kg, 7 days) showed significant inhibitory effects on granuloma and exudate formation in rats. In the method of adjuvant arthritis, the aqueous extract(400 mg/kg), orally administered for 21 days, inhibited the development of hind paw edema in rats. The aqueous extract was also inhibited the increase in vascular permeability and the number of writhings induced by acetic acid in mice. In the present study, the aqueous extract of Gleditsiae spina was indicated to have the anti-inflammatory action.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
• /
• v.31 no.3
• /
• pp.164-172
• /
• 1987

The anti-inflammatory mechanism of daidzein was investigated in rats and mice. Daidzein and 4'-methyldaidzein inhibited capillary permeability and lipid peroxidation. Daidzein inhibited growth of granuloma when it was administered into the carrageenin pouch at the low dose, while it acted contrarily at the high dose. Daidzein decreased the antiinflammatory effect in adrenalectomized rat, depleted ascorbic acid and cholesterol contents in adrenals, and increased corticosterone level in plasma, suggesting dadzein acts on the hypophysisadrenal system.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
• /
• v.32 no.3 s.126
• /
• pp.242-247
• /
• 2001

The anti-inflammatory activity of water extract of Mahaengeuigam-Tang(MHEGTWE) was examined using the carrageenin and acetic acid induced edema, croton oil induced granuloma pouch, and adjuvant arthritis in rats. In addition, the acute toxicity, analgesic and antipyretic effects of MHEGTWE were investigated by the general experimental methods. In acute toxicity test in mice, MHEGTWE showed 10% mortality at 2400 mg/kg(p.o), but it did not showed at 1200 mg/kg(i.p). It was also showed significant analgesic action on the writhing syndrome induced by 0.7% acetic acid at 600 mg/kg(p.o) and its antipyretic activity was observed in the typhoid vaccine induced fevered rats at 300 mg/kg(p.o). By the oral administration of the MHEGTWE, the significant anti-inflammatory activity was observed on 1% carrageenin induced edema, and it significantly inhibited the granuloma and exudate formation in rats. In the adjuvant arthritis experiment, the MHEGTWE decreased the hind paw edema in rats for 19 days. The results suggest that MHEGTWE has analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic action.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
• /
• v.29 no.2
• /
• pp.86-92
• /
• 1998

Chang-Back-San and Chil-Mi-Chang-Back-San have been used for the treatment of neuralgia and arthritis in traditional medicine. The anti-inflammatory activities of Chang-Back-San and Chil-Mi-Chang-Back-San water extract (CBSE and CCBSE) on the carrageenin induced edema, Corton oil induced granuloma pouch, and adjuvant arthritis in rats were examined. The analgesic effects of the CBSE and CCBSE were also investigated utilizing acetic acid induced writhing syndrome in mice. The oral administration of CBSE and CCBSE showed to have the anti-inflammatory activities in 1% carrageenin induced edema in rats. They also showed significant inhibitory effects on granuloma and exudate formation in rats. In the method of adjuvant arthritis, they orally administered for 19 days, inhibited the hind paw edema in rats from 3rd day to 19th day, especially CCBSE has the efficacy more than CBSE. They significantly decreased the number of writhing syndromes induced by acetic acid in mice. In the present study, CBSE and CCBSE were indicated to have the anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
• /
• v.8 no.3
• /
• pp.139-147
• /
• 1985

Americal A from the seeds of Phytolacca americana, was investigated for the antiinflammatory activity. The compound significantly inhibited edema induction, granuloma formation, arthritis induction and leucocyte emigration in CMC-pouch. But its anticarrageenin activity was not exhibited in adrenalectomized rats. These findings together with decrease in the contents of ascorbic acid and cholesterol in adrenals by administration of the compound suggest that its activity is mediated through stimulation of the pituitary-adrenal axis. The acute toxicity of the compound is very weak and gastric ulceration was not produced by the compound.