• 대한한방내과학회지
• /
• 제21권5호
• /
• pp.829-837
• /
• 2000

Purpose : To investigate the inhibitory effect of BHE on platelet aggregation and erythrocyte deformability, we performed following experiments. Methods : Concentrated Boyanghwanotang (BHE) was fed to rats for 10days. High dose group was treated with $500{\beta}{\partial}/kg$ and low dose group with $500{\beta}{\partial}/kg$. Results : BHE enhanced the blood filtration rate, reduced the platelet aggregability, inhibited granule release from collagen-stimulated platelet, the prostaglandin syn-thesis in platelet and enhanced erythrocyte deformability. Conclusion : BHE should inhibit thrombos formation due to platlete hyperaggregabili-ty and reduction of erythrocyte deformabi-lity.

• 상하수도학회지
• /
• 제32권5호
• /
• pp.399-409
• /
• 2018

Prussian blue is known as a superior material for selective adsorption of radioactive cesium ions; however, the separation of Prussian blue from aqueous suspension, due to particle size of around several tens of nanometers, is a hurdle that must be overcome. Therefore, this study aims to develop granule type adsorbent material containing Prussian blue in order to selectively adsorb and remove radioactive cesium in water. The surface of granular activated carbon was grafted using a covalent organic polymer (COP-19) in order to enhance Prussian blue immobilization. To maximize the degree of immobilization and minimize subsequent detachment of Prussian blue, several immobilization pathways were evaluated. As a result, the highest cesium adsorption performance was achieved when Prussian blue was synthesized in-situ without solid-liquid separation step during synthesis. The sample obtained under optimal conditions was further analyzed by scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive spectrometry, and it was confirmed that Prussian blue, which is about 9.7% of the total weight, was fixed on the surface of the activated carbon; this level of fixing represented a two-fold improvement compared to before COP-19 modification. In addition, an elution test was carried out to evaluate the stability of Prussian blue. Leaching of Prussian blue and cesium decreased by 1/2 and 1/3, respectively, compared to those levels before modification, showing increased stability due to COP-19 grafting. The Prussian blue based adsorbent material developed in this study is expected to be useful as a decontamination material to mitigate the release of radioactive materials.

• 한국식품영양학회지
• /
• 제31권4호
• /
• pp.520-531
• /
• 2018

Aim of this study is to investigate the perception and purchasing status of functional beverages for adults in the Chungnam area. In this case, the reasons to buy the functional beverages for men were 'recovery of fatigue (43.1%)', 'quenching thirst (21.6%)', 'health promotion (19.6%)', 'supply of nutrition (15%)', and 'a loss in weight (7%)'. Otherwise the reasons to buy the functional beverage for women showed to be 'recovery of fatigue (28.6%)', 'health promotion (26.4%)', 'quenching thirst (22.1%)', 'supply of nutrition (12.9%)', and 'a loss in weight (10%)', which were significant different between the men and women subjects. The place to buy functional beverages was for singles (46.5%) a store and for married person a supermarket. The purchase of functional beverages was affected by as follows; manufactured date > original granule > nutrition sign > country > price > taste > brand > scent > color and the women are affected more than men. For functional beverages, the men preferred to buy an energy drink and vitamin drink more than the women. After the intake of functional beverages, the men and women recognized the effect on 'recovery of fatigue' and 'a loss of weight/release of a feeling of hunger/improvement of constipation', respectively. Considering the results of the study, it is necessary to clarify the function of functional beverages so that consumers can choose and take the correct functional beverage by themselves. In addition, the nutritional education should be conducted for the intake allowance for the compositions and excessive or inadequate intake of functional beverages.

• 대한수의학회지
• /
• 제56권2호
• /
• pp.67-74
• /
• 2016

Tomato extract has been shown to exert antiplatelet activity in vitro and to change platelet function ex vivo, but with limitations. In this study, antiplatelet activity of water soluble tomato concentrate (Fruitflow I) and dry water soluble tomato concentrate (Fruitflow II) was investigated using rat platelets. Aggregation was induced by collagen and adenosine diphosphate and granule-secretion, $[Ca^{2+}]_i$, thromboxane B2, cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) levels were examined. The activation of integrin ${\alpha}_{IIb}{\beta}_3$ and phosphorylation of signaling molecules, including mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and PI3K/Akt, were investigated by flow cytometry and immunoblotting, respectively. Prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) were examined. Moreover, in vivo thrombus weight was tested by an arteriovenous shunt model. Fruitflow I and Fruitflow II significantly inhibited agonist induced platelet aggregation, adenosine triphosphate and serotonin release, $[Ca^{2+}]_i$, and thromboxane B2 concentration, while having no effect on cAMP and cGMP levels. Integrin ${\alpha}_{IIb}{\beta}_3$ activation was also significantly decreased. Moreover, both concentrates reduced phosphorylation of MAPK pathway factors such as ERK, JNK, P38, and PI3K/Akt. In vivo thrombus formation was also inhibited. Taken together, these concentrates have the potential for ethnomedicinal applications to prevent cardiovascular ailments and can be used as functional foods.

• 대한의생명과학회지
• /
• 제24권3호
• /
• pp.280-284
• /
• 2018

The incidence of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) is increasing rapidly in developed countries, with CVDs now representing the leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Natural products and ethnomedicines have been shown to reduce the risk of CVDs. Garlic is a medicinal plant used throughout the world for its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiplatelet activities. Chitosan is a natural polysaccharide obtained from chitin, and derivatives of chitosan have been shown to inhibit platelet aggregation and adhesion. We hypothesized that fermented preparations of these products may possess stronger antiplatelet effects than the non-fermented forms owing to the increased bioavailability of the bioactive compounds produced during fermentation. Therefore, we compared these compounds via in vitro and ex vivo platelet aggregation assays by using standard light transmission aggregometry and ex vivo granule secretions from rat platelets. We found that fermented preparations exerted more potent and significant inhibition of platelet aggregation both in vitro and ex vivo. Likewise, ATP release from dense granules of platelets was also significantly inhibited in fermented preparation-treated rat platelets compared to that in non-fermented preparation-treated ones. We concluded that fermented preparations exerted more potent effects on platelet function both in vitro and ex vivo, possibly as a result of the increased bioavailability of active compounds produced during fermentation. We therefore suggest that fermented products may be potent therapeutics against platelet-related CVDs and can be used as antiplatelet and antithrombotic agents.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
• /
• 제24권4호
• /
• pp.297-306
• /
• 2020

Repetitive changes in the intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca²⁺]i) triggers egg activation, including cortical granule exocytosis, resumption of second meiosis, block to polyspermy, and initiating embryonic development. [Ca²⁺]i oscillations that continue for several hours, are required for the early events of egg activation and possibly connected to further development to the blastocyst stage. The sources of Ca²⁺ ion elevation during [Ca²⁺]i oscillations are Ca²⁺ release from endoplasmic reticulum through inositol 1,4,5 tri-phosphate receptor and Ca²⁺ ion influx through Ca²⁺ channel on the plasma membrane. Ca²⁺ channels have been characterized into voltage-dependent Ca²⁺ channels (VDCCs), ligand-gated Ca²⁺ channel, and leak-channel. VDCCs expressed on muscle cell or neuron is specified into L, T, N, P, Q, and R type VDCs by their activation threshold or their sensitivity to peptide toxins isolated from cone snails and spiders. The present study was aimed to investigate the localization pattern of N and P/Q type voltage-dependent calcium channels in mouse eggs and the role in fertilization. [Ca²⁺]i oscillation was observed in a Ca²⁺ contained medium with sperm factor or adenophostin A injection but disappeared in Ca²⁺ free medium. Ca²⁺ influx was decreased by Lat A. N-VDCC specific inhibitor, ω-Conotoxin CVIIA induced abnormal [Ca²⁺]i oscillation profiles in SrCl₂ treatment. N or P/Q type VDC were distributed on the plasma membrane in cortical cluster form, not in the cytoplasm. Ca²⁺ influx is essential for [Ca²⁺]i oscillation during mammalian fertilization. This Ca²⁺ influx might be controlled through the N or P/Q type VDCCs. Abnormal VDCCs expression of eggs could be tested in fertilization failure or low fertilization eggs in subfertility women.

• 한국임상수의학회지
• /
• 제40권3호
• /
• pp.175-181
• /
• 2023

Fucoidan extracted from brown seaweed has a variety of biological activities. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) formation is an immune response for the invasion of pathogens. Neutrophils release granule protein and chromatin that form extracellular fibers that bind microbes. These NETs degrade virulence factors and kill bacteria. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of fucoidan on NET formation of porcine peripheral blood polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs). The NET formation was determined by fluorescence emission of propidium iodide (PI) in PMNs by a fluorescence microplate reader. The production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was measured by ELISA method. Fucoidan itself did not show any direct effect on NET formation. However, NET formation of PMNs was increased by the culture supernatant from PBMCs treated with fucoidan. The NET formation of PMNs were also enhanced by treatment with recombinant porcine (rp) TNF-α. The ability of culture supernatant from PBMCs treated with fucoidan to increase the NET formation of PMNs was inhibited by addition of goat anti-rp TNF-α polyclonal antibody (pAb) (IgG) prior to the culture. The increase of NET formation by rp TNF-α was also inhibited by goat anti-rp TNF-α pAb (IgG). The level of TNF-α in culture supernatant from PBMCs was increased by treatment with fucoidan. These results suggest that fucoidan increases porcine NET formation, which is mediated by TNF-α produced from PBMCs.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
• /
• 제62권1호
• /
• pp.30-41
• /
• 2024

The dense granule protein of Toxoplasma gondii, inhibitor of signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (IST) is an inhibitor of signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) transcriptional activity that binds to STAT1 and regulates the expression of inflammatory molecules in host cells. A sterile inflammatory liver injury in pathological acute liver failures occurs when excessive innate immune function, such as the massive release of IFN-γ and TNF-α, is activated without infection. In relation to inflammatory liver injury, we hypothesized that Toxoplasma gondii inhibitor of STAT1 transcription (TgIST) can inhibit the inflammatory response induced by activating the STAT1/IRF-1 mechanism in liver inflammation. This study used IFN-γ and TNF-α as inflammatory inducers at the cellular level of murine hepatocytes (Hepa-1c1c7) to determine whether TgIST inhibits the STAT1/IRF-1 axis. In stable cells transfected with TgIST, STAT1 expression decreased with a decrease in interferon regulatory factor (IRF)-1 levels. Furthermore, STAT1 inhibition of TgIST resulted in lower levels of NF-κB and COX2, as well as significantly lower levels of class II transactivator (CIITA), iNOS, and chemokines (CLXCL9/10/11). TgIST also significantly reduced the expression of hepatocyte proapoptotic markers (Caspase3/8/9, P53, and BAX), which are linked to sterile inflammatory liver injury. TgIST also reduced the expression of adhesion (ICAM-1 and VCAM-1) and infiltration markers of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) induced by hepatocyte and tissue damage. TgIST restored the cell apoptosis induced by IFN-γ/TNF-α stimulation. These results suggest that TgIST can inhibit STAT1-mediated inflammatory and apoptotic responses in hepatocytes stimulated with proinflammatory cytokines.

• 문화기술의 융합
• /
• 제6권2호
• /
• pp.567-572
• /
• 2020

이 연구의 목적은 발효 마늘 추출물의 항혈전 활성 및 심혈관개선 효과를 조사하고자 하였다. 심혈관 질환(CVD)의 발생률은 선진국에서 빠르게 증가하고 있으며, CVD는 현재 이환율과 사망률의 주요 원인을 나타내고 있다. 천연물 및 대체의학은 CVD의 위험을 감소시키는 것으로 알려져 있다. 마늘은 항염증제, 항산화제 및 항혈소판 활동을 위해 전 세계적으로 사용되는 약용식물이다. 우리는 발효 과정에서 생산된 생리활성 화합물의 생체 이용률이 증가함에 따라 이들 제품의 발효 제제가 발효되지 않은 형태보다 강력한 항혈소판 효과를 가질 수 있다는 가설을 세웠다. 따라서, 본 연구자는 쥐 혈소판으로부터 표준 광투과 응집 측정법 및 생체외 과립 분비를 사용하여 시험관내 및 생체외 혈소판 응집 분석을 통해 이들 화합물을 비교 분석 하였다. 발효된 조제물이 시험관내 및 생체외 양쪽에서 혈소판 응집이 보다 강력하고 유의적인 억제를 발휘한다는 것을 발견 하였다. 마찬가지로, 조밀한 혈소판 과립으로부터의 ATP 방출은 발효되지 않은 조제-처리된 쥐의 혈소판과 비교하여 발효된 조제-처리된 쥐 혈소판에서 유의하게 억제되었다. 결론적으로 발효 과정이 발효중에 생산된 활성 화합물의 생체 이용률이 증가한 결과 시험관내 및 생체외에서 혈소판 기능에 더 강력한 효과를 발휘한다고 확인 할 수 있었다. 따라서 발효 제품은 혈소판 관련 CVD에 대한 강력한 치료제로서 항혈소판 및 항혈전제로 사용될 수 있다.

• 치위생과학회지
• /
• 제13권2호
• /
• pp.158-164
• /
• 2013

임플란트 식립 시 가장 빈번하게 맞게 되는 문제점으로 임플란트 식립 부위에서의 불충분한 골량과 해부학적 구조에 의한 접근성의 문제를 들 수 있다. 일반적으로 성장 인자들은 치유 과정이나 조직 형성에 있어서 가장 기본적인 필수 요소로 인정되고 있다. 이러한 이유로 골 이식 재료의 효과를 증진시키기 위한 성장 인자들이 최근에 주목을 받고 있다. 혈소판 내 granules에는 높은 농도의 다양한 성장 인자들이 포함되어 있다. 특히, platelet-rich fibrin (PRF)는 2세대 혈소판 농축 인자로 항응고제가 들어있지 않은 상태로 얻을 수가 있고, 혈소판과 많은 성장 인자들이 풍부한 섬유소 막을 포함하고 있다. 이번 연구의 목적은 in vitro 상에서 골아 세포에 대한 PRF의 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 특히 치유와 재생에 연관된 주요 기능으로써 증식과 분화에 대한 영향을 조사하고자 하였다. 이를 위해서, PRF 내에서 방출되는 성장 인자(platelet-derived growth factor subunit B와 transforming growth factor-${\beta}1$)의 농도, 세포의 생존능력, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, type 1 collagen 합성, 골아 세포의 분화 지표로써 ALP와 Runx2의 발현 정도와 골 기질 단백질로써 type 1 collagen의 발현 정도에 대해서 조사하였다. 이 실험을 통하여 PRF는 치유 시 필요한 타당한 기간 동안에 충분히 자가 성장 인자의 방출을 유지하고 있음을 알 수 있었고, 골아 세포의 증식과 분화에 대해서 긍정적인 효과가 있음을 보여 주였다. 제한적인 실험이지만, 골재생을 위한 PRF의 사용은 골 치유와 골 개조에 있어서 증진 효과를 가져다줄 수 있는 촉망되는 방법 중 하나가 될 수 있을 것이다.