• Title/Summary/Keyword: Graduate medical education

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The Role of the Concept of Competence in Korean Outcome-based Medical Education (국내 성과바탕의학교육에 대한 비판적 논의: 역량의 개념을 중심으로)

  • Lee, Yo Ba
    • Korean Medical Education Review
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    • v.15 no.3
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    • pp.144-150
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    • 2013
  • Before Outcome-based curriculum reform, medical graduate school and medical schools of korea need to understand limit or threshold of outcome-based education's point of view. This article examines the multi-dimensional concept of competence suggested by Stoof and colleagues and discusses about implication for outcomebased education in medical education of Korea. Because Stoof and colleagues's five dimensions of competence reveal various concepts and educational methods of competence. Therefore, It is possible to use to identify the strengths and weaknesses of outcome-based education of Korea as a reference standard. Five dimensions of competence suggested by Stoof and colleagues is consist of 'personal vs. task characteristics,' 'individual vs. distributed competence,' 'specific vs. general competence,' 'levels of competence vs. competence as a level,' and 'teachable vs. non-teachable.' Implication for outcome-based education in medical education of Korea is, first, that It should recognize to outcome-based education as a one of educational models approaching to competence. Second, discussion about competence should be expanded from pre-medical education to graduated medical education and continuing medical education.

Research Trends in Medical Simulation Education Based on Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR) (가상현실 (VR) 및 증강현실 (AR) 기반 의료 시뮬레이션 교육에 관한 연구 동향)

  • Sung Hyun Kyung;Shin Na Min
    • The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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    • v.38 no.1
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    • pp.78-87
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    • 2024
  • Purpose To develop an educational program using virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) in oriental medicine education, this study investigated the status of programs currently being used mainly in the fields of medicine, nursing, and dentistry, and was the basis for developing an oriental medicine education program. We plan to use this for future research purposes. Methods To investigate medical simulation education using VR and AR technologies, 72 studies were searched using the ProQuest Central Database (period 1.1.2000 to 10.10.2023.) Of these, 22 were selected for analysis. Results Among the selected studies, the educational fields of the program were 59% (13 studies) in medicine, 32% (7 studies) in nursing, 9% (2 studies) in dentistry, 73% (16 studies) were VR in terms of applied technology, and 27% (6 studies) in AR. Conclusions Recently, research on VRand AR has increased in the medical field. As patient rights and medical environments change, clinical practice education programs using new technologies are needed, in addition to traditional face-to-face practice. Related research is expected to be active in the field of Oriental medicine in the future.

Happiness of Medical Students and Tasks in Medical Education (의과대학생의 행복과 의학교육의 과제)

  • Lim, Eun Bi
    • Korean Medical Education Review
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    • v.13 no.2
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    • pp.25-37
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    • 2011
  • Purpose: Core competencies for becoming a good physician have been the focus of recent discussion. Understanding students' state of mind should be included in this analysis. Thus, the purpose of this study was to review recent research papers on subjective well-being in medical education and propose some suggestions. Methods: A selective search was conducted of the literature that has been published since 2000 in the Medline, Riss4U, ERIC, and KoreaMed databases using the search terms "happiness", "subjective well-being", "satisfaction", and "stress". Thirty seven studies were included in this review. Each was categorized according to 3 subjects (satisfaction, positive affect, negative affect). Results: Most studies showed relatively high levels of distress in medical students, which was related to academic worries. Although medical students were under a great deal of distress, they regarded help-seeking behavior for their distress as weakness or something negative. Conclusion: To decrease medical students' distress and sustain their well-being, there should be a change in students' awareness through curriculum, teaching methods, and coping strategies in medical education.

A Comparison of Preceptors' and New Graduate Nurses' Perception of Teaching Effectiveness (신규간호사와 프리셉터가 인지하는 프리셉터의 교수효율성 비교)

  • Kim, Ji-Yang;Kim, Young-Sun;Kim, Chun-Sill;Park, Hyun-Sook;Sin, Mi-Young;Yun, Yeon-Sook;Jo, Yu-Sook;Park, Mi-Mi;Yoo, Moon-Sook
    • Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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    • v.15 no.2
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    • pp.193-202
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    • 2009
  • Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare preceptors and new graduate nurses on their perception of preceptor teaching effectiveness. Methods: The participants were 90 new nurses and 90 preceptors who worked in A medical center. The data were collected from July 1 to September 30, 2008. A cross-sectional descriptive survey was done using a structured questionnaire. Results: New nurses' perception ($4.07{\pm}.44$) of the preceptor teaching effectiveness was significantly higher than perception of the preceptors ($3.57{\pm}.37$). Fifty five percent of new graduate nurses reported a lack of coherence in the preceptor's practice guidelines. For 5 causal factors classified on the teaching effectiveness, the factor of 'Professional knowledge and ability' showed the highest score, but 'Interpersonal and communication skill' got lowest score for both group. Preceptors responded that they did not have enough time to teach well because of their heavy workloads. Conclusions: These results suggest that the preceptors need appropriate compensation and education opportunities, and new graduate nurses need consistent education by the teaching professionals. Therefore, it is important to give preceptors full charge of the preceptorship. Also, it will be necessary to develop education programs to enhance interpersonal and communication skill for preceptors and new nurses.

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Survey and Suggestions on the Educational and Research Environment of Graduate Students of Korean Medicine: Focusing on fostering of KMD-scientist (한의사과학자 양성을 위한 한의학과 대학원 재학생의 교육 및 연구환경 실태조사와 제언)

  • Myungsun Kim;Myung-Ho Kim;Minjung Lee;Dongyeop Jang;Sa-Yoon Park
    • The Journal of Korean Medicine
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    • v.44 no.3
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    • pp.59-73
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    • 2023
  • Objectives: The role of physician-scientists who bridge the gap between basic science and clinical medicine is crucial in advancing medical innovation. This study aims to examine the educational and research environment and career satisfaction of graduate students in Korean Medicine among those who are Korean medicine doctor (KMD). Methods: This study analyzed the results of a survey consisting of respondents' composition, job status, graduate education and job satisfaction, economic conditions, career determinants, and obstacles to the career path of KMD-scientists from 65 participants including both full-time and part-time graduate students. Results: The results revealed significant differences between full-time and part-time graduate students in terms of weekly hours spent and job priorities, motivation for entering graduate school, career preferences, and desired career paths. The study highlights the need for tailored support for full-time and part-time graduate students and the importance of economic assistance in fostering KM scientists. Economic difficulties were identified as a major obstacle for full-time graduate students pursuing research careers. Tuition fees were found to be a significant burden for all graduate students. Furthermore, it emphasizes the importance of enhancing the research capabilities of part-time graduate students and improving the quality of education to foster KMD-scientists. Conclusion: This research provides essential insights for Korean Medicine colleges and graduate schools to develop targeted improvement plans and effectively train KMD-scientist.

Improved postoperative recovery profile in pediatric oral rehabilitation with low-dose dexmedetomidine as an opioid substitute for general anesthesia: a randomized double-blind clinical trial

  • Naveen, Naik B;Jaiswal, Manoj Kumar;Ganesh, Venkata;Singh, Ajay;Meena, Shyam Charan;Amburu, Vamsidhar;Soni, Shiv Lal
    • Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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    • v.22 no.5
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    • pp.357-367
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    • 2022
  • Background: Low-dose dexmedetomidine may be a suitable alternative to opioids for pediatric ambulatory procedures under general anesthesia (GA). However, the recovery profile remains unclear. Herein, we aimed to evaluate the effects of low-dose dexmedetomidine on the recovery profile of children. Methods: Seventy-two children undergoing ambulatory oral rehabilitation under GA were randomly and equally distributed into two groups (D and F). Group D received an infusion of dexmedetomidine 0.25 ㎍/kg for 4 min for induction, followed by maintenance of 0.4 ㎍/kg/h. Group F received an infusion of fentanyl 1 ㎍/kg over 4 min for induction, followed by maintenance at 1 ㎍/kg/h. The primary outcome was the extubation time. The secondary outcomes were awakening time, end-tidal sevoflurane (ET-Sevo) requirement, change in hemodynamic parameters, Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale (RASS), Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario pain scale (CHEOPS) score, length of PACU stay, and incidence of adverse events. Results: Statistically significant differences were observed in the recovery profile between the groups: the median time for extubation was 3.65 (3.44-6.2) vs. 6.25 (4.21-7) minutes in groups D vs. F (P=0.001), respectively, while the corresponding awakening times were 19 (18.75-21) and 22.5 (22-24) minutes, respectively (P < 0.001). The mean ET-Sevo was low in group D (1.1 vs. 1.2; P < 0.001). The heart rate was significantly low across all time points in group D, without resulting in bradycardia. The median RASS and CHEOPS scores were also significantly lower in group D. No significant differences were observed in the mean arterial pressure, incidence of adverse events, or length of PACU stay. Conclusion: Low-dose dexmedetomidine was more effective than fentanyl as an opioid substitute at providing a better recovery profile in pediatric ambulatory oral rehabilitation under GA. Dexmedetomidine also significantly reduced sevoflurane consumption without causing adverse events or prolonging hospital stay.

A systematic review of continuing education for emergency medical technicians (응급구조사의 보수교육에 대한 체계적 문헌고찰)

  • Kang, Min Seong;Kim, Woo-Jong;Choi, Bo Youl
    • The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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    • v.25 no.1
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    • pp.177-191
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    • 2021
  • Objectives: This study aimed to combine the satisfaction survey results and suggestion for continuing education of the emergency medical technicians through a systematic review of continuing education of the emergency medical technicians. Methods: This review focused on previous studies published until 2020 that were associated with the continuing education of emergency medical technicians. We followed the guidelines set for each phase of the study and selected the 26 studies that met the selection criteria for the analysis. Results: The level of satisfaction with continuing education for emergency medical technicians was low. The most frequently suggested method for continuing education was patient case presentation. The answers to the desired training subjects of the continuing education program varied. Finally, studies on continuing education have not been published continuously. Conclusion: To enhance the satisfaction and competence of continuing education, we need to provide various programs that reflect the needs of emergency medical technicians attending maintenance training. In addition, various methods should be considered to improve the attendance rate for continuing education, and further investigations and research should be actively conducted on continuing education in the future.

A Study on Strategies to Improve the Hospital House-staff Training Systems - In the Perspective of the Training Directors of the Hospital - (전공의 수련교육제도의 발전 방안에 관한 연구 - 수련부장의 인식도 조사결과를 기초로 -)

  • Kim, Gi-Chul;Ha, Ho-Wook;Hwang, In-Kyoung
    • Korea Journal of Hospital Management
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    • v.6 no.1
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    • pp.120-146
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    • 2001
  • This study was carried out to provide the essential information in improving the graduate medical education in Korea. For the study, a survey targeting the directors of GME of nationwide teaching hospitals was performed with a questionnaire asking the questions such as the director's perception on the quality of GME, trainees' salary level, trainees' specialty selection tendency, training system and its duration. The collected data were analyzed using t-test, ANOVA, and $x^2$-test. The results were as follows: 1. The survey were executed on 240 teaching hospitals in Korea and the response rate was 66.2% (159 hospitals replied). 2. The bigger a hospitals is the better in Quality of education. Larger hospitals tend to have better status in all items including medical specialists' experience, contents of medical curriculum, general environment for medical education and medical trainees's salary level. The result supported the general perception on the positive relationship between hospital size and Quality of GMA. 3. Providing convenience for medical trainees who prepares for the medical specialist Qualifying examination didn't affect the results of the examination. 4. The directions of GME have a perception that the trainees give positive impact on financial performance of their hospitals. This seems to be one of the reasons that hospitals try to retain as many trainees as possible. 5. The directors of GME considered medical trainees as an educate, and most of them responded positively on the need of governmental supports for the education cost and the trainee's salary. Considering above results, it seems that GME would get more social attention and the trainees' impact on hospitals operation would be increased more than before. In response to these trends, hospitals would find out the ways to lower dependency on trainees, and this change of attitude of hospitals on the GME would cause problems in operation of hospitals and GME itself. In order to prevent these problems the policy on GME should be directed in following ways. 1. The contents of Qualifying examination for specialist should be improved. 2. The curriculum of GME should be strictly followed. 3. The status of trainee in a hospital has to be defined as eductee. 4. Government has to support a half of the education cost and salary of trainee. 5. The distribution of the trainee among the hospital group have to be based on total available. 6. The financial support and welfare of trainee should be improved gradually and systematically.

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Relationship between Academic Burnout of Medical and Graduate Students and Related Variables (의과대학·의학전문대학원생의 학업소진 양상과 관련 변인들과의 관계)

  • Chun, Kyung Hee
    • Korean Medical Education Review
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    • v.16 no.2
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    • pp.77-87
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    • 2014
  • The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of demographic data, academic demand, perfectionism, and academic failure tolerance on academic burnout of medical and graduate students at Yeungnam University. A mixed method study was conducted. Fourteen students participated in a focus group interview and 302 students, including 151 medical students and 151 graduate students, completed a survey, which addressed the factors of academic burnout, academic demand, perfectionism, and academic failure tolerance. There were significant differences in the academic burnout by age and year in school. The 2nd year medical & graduate students experienced significantly higher academic burnout than the other students. Multiple regression analysis revealed that academic burnout of medical and graduate students was significantly affected by academic demand (p<0.001), self-oriented and socially-prescribed perfectionism (p<0.001, p<0.01), and feeling and behavior, which were sub-factors of academic failure tolerance (p<0.05, p<0.01). It is suggested that comparative studies with other student groups, a longitudinal study of medical and graduate students, and a prospective study of coping styles and methods of preventing academic burnout need to be conducted.

Chemical Constituents from the Hydrangea chinensis

  • Khalil, Ashraf-Taha;Chang, Fang-Rong;Lee, Yue-Han;Chen, Chung-Yi;Liaw, Chih-Chuang;Patnam Ramesh;Shyng Shiou F.Yuan;Wu, Yang-Chang
    • Archives of Pharmacal Research
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    • v.26 no.1
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    • pp.15-20
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    • 2003
  • Two quinazolone alkaloids, (+)-febrifugine (1) and isofebrifugine (2), along with three coumarin derivatives, 6-hydroxy coumarin (3), skimmin (5), and $umbelliferone-7-O-{\alpha}-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1{\rightarrow}4)-{\beta}-D-glucopyranoside$ (6), were isolated from the roots of Hydrangea chinensis. Compound 6 is a new compound. In addition, umbelliferone (4), linoleic acid (7), two steroidal glycosides (8, 9), three furfural derivatives (10-12), and butyl-$\beta$-D-fructofuranoside (13) were isolated from the leaves of the same plant. The structures of all isolates were elucidated by spectral methods.