• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.299-306
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to analyze effect of nutrition education after executing education nutrition with the nutrition education textbook, reconstructed 12 units, focused on older elementary school children and to evaluate interest and understanding of textbook. The subjects were 4th grade children. The results were as follows. The most interesting lesson contents was 'obesity(16.3%)', and the next were 'food poisoning' (13.3%), 'kimchi'(13.3%), and 'Korean table manners'(10.2%) in the 12 unit. Children who attended education nutrition answered 'interesting'(94.1%), 'understand easily'(97.1%) about the developed textbook. With regard to change in nutrition knowledge after education, the percentage of correct answers was increased in most of question except 'reason of snack' and 'weight-control'. And the total score of nutrition knowledge was risen(p<0.01), because the ratio of correct answer of 'importance of breakfast'(p<0.05) and 'nutrition labeling'(p<0.01) was improved especially. The ratio of desirable snack time 'between lunch and dinner' was higher after education(91.2%) than before(55.2%)(p<0.01). After education, the choice of 'Fruit and vegetable' of which desirable snack food was increased. Both the choice of 'bread' and 'fast food', a factor of oversupply calorie, was decreased. And after education, the percentage of sound snack place 'home' was improved. In regard of a meal environment, the percentage of 'every wash hand before eating' is 65.1% and there is scarcely change after education. Before education, children answered 'use it rightly'(82.4%) about 'how to eat with spoon and chopsticks', but it is lower after education. The ratio of 'leave food sometimes or always' is 47.1% before education, and the ratio of leftover food tend to decreased in school lunch. Relate to reason of leftover, the percentage of 'because of hate food' tend to decrease. This results suggests that the activity-centered nutrition education can help to change food behaviors and increase nutrition knowledge level of school children.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.10-19
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• 1996

The purpose of this study were to improve in foodservice system, and to evaluate the satisfaction of patient meal. Two General Hospitals (A & B) in Ewha Womans University college of Medicine were selected for this study. The survey questionnaire consisted of general backgrounds and foodservice evaluation. We chosed factors which may influence meal satisfaction such as meal time, amount, optimal temperature, taste, quality, sanitary condition, and employee' s kindness. One-way ANOVA and Pearson' s correlation were used as statistical methods. The results can be summarized as follows 1. In meal time, for the A&B hospitals were 3.46$\pm$0.93 3.63$\pm$0.76 respectively. 2. In cold foods for the A&B hospitals were 3.23$\pm$0.89 3.52$\pm$0.78 respectively while in hot foods 3.29$\pm$1.02 3.27$\pm$0.90 respectively for A&B hospitals. 3. In taste for the A&B hospitals were 2.81$\pm$0.96 3.01$\pm$0.95 respectively. 4. In quality were 2.93$\pm$0.92 3.25$\pm$0.91 respectivly. 5. In amount were 3.38$\pm$0.95 3.36$\pm$0.98 respectively. 6. In sanitary condition for the A&B hospitals were 3.55$\pm$0.88 3.12$\pm$0.97 respectively. 7. In kindness were 3.11$\pm$0.87 3.32$\pm$0.76 respectively. 8. Quality, taste, meal time, kindness, sanitary condition, temperature, amount, age, duration, and room grade were significantly correlated to the satisfaction of patient meal in order.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.75-91
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• 1996

The work-man's uniform should be coincident wit the image of his firm and accounted of the function according as its purpose. We made questions to 404 workers at 8 firm in our country through the questionnaire papers to know about a work-man's uniform and researched whether the satisfactory in wearing his uniform had relation with his type of business, grade, carrier, age, marriage, and monthly income. The results of this study is as follows; 1. In the uniform status of the fir, thee were many jumper styles in he design of the uniform. The color of that was more dark than bright and the materials of one was used much more chemical fiber than natural fiber. Each of the field office supplied the uniform to his work-man more frequently than the main office. All of firm payed off the uniform expense and decision of the uniform design was almost made both the firm and the labour union. 2. In he satisfaction of the uniform, the satisfaction of uniform was shown high in the design, color, materials, size and function. The highest dissatisfaction reason is as follows; it was disagreeable to concrete design in the design and dark color and keeping warm or draft was bad in the materials, the bust and pant's length was long in the size. 3. In preference of the uniform, the older of preference in the design was what the working environment and the image of firm was suitable, the characteristic uniform. The order of preference in the color was beige, blue, grey. The preference of in the materials was good to keep warm and draft. The preference in the pattern was 'no pattern' every type of business. The experts, or administrators and office workers than others preferred 'no pattern' of the uniform in the pattern.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.63-76
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to design a training program for utilization of 3D special makeup mask program. This study was conducted with a 3D computer graphics software program, for special makeup mask using a variety of creative educational models and case study with comparative analysis. The makeup program applied to the majors and liberal arts classes for program design. Inthis study, the selected major courses included ' stage make up ', make up application', and illustrations and color '. Students were required to take a class targeted to questionnaire completion and analysis. The research method included literature search, and Internet navigation, of experimental research. The research targeted select college students attending a 4-year university located in Dae-jeon, Korea. ETRI's "3D mask special makeup simulation program" was used in support. A survey of the study conducted from September 1, 2013, to August 30, 2014, showed a total of 94 additional statistical analyses. First, grade 3 44.6% was attained by 91.7% of the first year student majoring in liberal arts classes, Second, students' in the 3D special dress up mask program Interestingly, attained high recognition in its mastering, usability, and creativity. Furthermore, the major student satisfaction was higher for the '3D special makeup mask program. Third, students '3D special dress up was one of the biggest advantages of the program', the mask ' that models 3D ' faces. In addition, the student's delicate dress called for critical technology skills. It is thought to be suitable for practical training and improving the efficiency and performance if applied to universities and beauty schools, such as the regular high school curriculum through research.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.84-91
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• 2008

"Eco-friendly construction" is an emerging issue in the building industry. Main purpose of the eco-friendly construction is to sustain the health and environment of building residents and to minimize the harmful effect on their environment. Apartment residents have great concern on eco-product, since many cases are reported that Sick Building Syndrome is caused by toxic substance from building materials. Environmental performance is to meet through using the highest grade eco-friendly materials. However, generally eco-friendly materials are more expensive than normal materials, Therefore, using eco-friendly materials at public housing project is limited to economical aspect. The purpose of this paper is development of eco-friendly material selection model considered cost efficiency. The selection of Eco-friendly finishing materials and their methods are constructed to consider environmental performance level and cost index compositively. Development of eco-friendly material selection method is economic and reasonable one when public housing is constructed.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.689-698
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• 1996

The coal-bearing metapelites from the Hoenam area are interbedded within the Ogcheon Supergroup, which are composed mainly of graphite, quartz, muscovite and associated with trace amount of biotite, chlorite, pyrite, rutile and barite. Although the formation was mined for coal, and the contents of V, U and Mo are a higher grade in coal formations than the host metapelites. The ratios of Al/Na and K/Na in coal formation are very heterogeneous and wide range from 10.28 to 90.91 and from 3.73 to 36.60, respectively. The V content increase with increasing Al and Ba contents, but the U and Mo are not related with other elements. Those are suggested that controlled of mineral compositions in coaly metapelites due to substitution, migration and reequilibrium of elements by regional metamorphism. These coal formation were deposited in basin of marine environments and the REE of these rocks are not influenced with metamorphism and hydrothermal alterations on the basis of Al content versus La, La against Ce, the ratios of La/Ce (0.23 to 0.73) and Th/U (0.03 to 16.6). These rocks also show much variation in $La_N/Yb_N$ (0.53 to 14.19), Th/Yb (0.51 to 6.00) and La/Th (0.15 to 18.92), and their origin is explained by derivation from a mixture of sedimentary and metasedimentary rocks. The wide range in trace and REE element characteristics as Co/Th (0.07 to 3.00), La/Sc (0.04 to 23.48), Sc/Th (0.06 to 7.57), V/Ni (2 to 3319), Cr/V (0.03 to 1.06) and Ni/Co (1.00 to 79.85) of these coaly metapelites argues for inefficient mixing of the various source lithologies during sedimentation.

• Korean Medical Education Review
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.18-24
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• 2017

This study examined the perception and readiness of nursing educators regarding interprofessional education (IPE), and discussed the validity and application of IPE in nursing. From December 2016 to January 2017, 239 nursing professors and nurses completed a structured questionnaire consisting of general characteristics, the Interdisciplinary Education Perception Scale, the Readiness for Interprofessional Learning Survey (RIPLS), and an IPE action plan. The collected data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and t-test using the IBM SPSS ver. 23.0 program (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA). The analysis revealed that 91.6% of the participants had not experienced IPE, and only 11.7% knew about IPE. However, approximately 80.0% answered that IPE is necessary. The results of this study showed that the score of the perceived need for cooperation was higher in nurses than it was in professors, while the score on competency and autonomy was higher in professors than it was in nurses. With reference to the scores on the RIPLS, those of professors were high on the sub-scales of teamwork and collaboration, professional identity, and roles and responsibility. The results revealed that participants considered the upper-grade undergraduate years as the ideal time for imparting IPE, and it was deemed suitable to include communication, simulation, and clinical practice in IPE. Doctors, pharmacists, and physiotherapists were thought to require cooperation for IPE the most. Despite the presence of several barriers to IPE, the participants thought that IPE can achieve learning outcomes such as interprofessional communication and cooperation, conflict resolution, and teamwork. It is necessary to cooperate with professionals in the complex clinical environment as professional areas are specialized and subdivided. Therefore, it is necessary to examine the application of IPE in undergraduate education and in on-the-job training.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.19 no.12
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• pp.91-102
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• 2021

This study explored the educational effects of the digital citizenship teaching and learning model on middle school science classes. For this purpose, two classes of the third grade of middle school in Gyeonggi-do were selected, and the experimental group(28 students) was taught science classes using digital citizenship learning model, and the control group(28 students) was taught in regular lectures. The measurements used to verify the effects of science classes using the digital citizenship learning model were digital citizenship and empathy tools. The data collected for the effect verification were analyzed by independent sample t-test and ANCOVA. As a result, the experimental group applying the digital citizenship learning model showed higher scores of digital citizenship and empathy than the control group. Therefore, it can be seen that the middle school science class applying the digital citizenship learning model was effective in cultivating the digital citizenship and empathy of middle school students. In future studies, it is necessary to examine the effects of digital citizenship learning model at different school levels and other subjects.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.359-364
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• 2019

Background Few scales are currently available to evaluate changes in hand volume. We aimed to develop a hand grading scale for quantitative assessments of dorsal hand volume with additional consideration of changes in skin texture; to validate and prove the precision and reproducibility of the new scale; and to demonstrate the presence of clinically significant differences between grades on the scale. Methods Five experienced plastic surgeons developed the Hand Volume Rating Scale (HVRS) and rated 91 images. Another five plastic surgeons validated the scale using 50 randomly selected images. Intra- and inter-rater agreement was calculated using the weighted kappa statistic and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). Paired images were also evaluated to verify whether the scale reflected clinical differences. Results The intra-rater agreement was 0.95 (95% confidence interval, 0.922-0.974). The interrater ICCs were excellent (first rating, 0.94; second rating, 0.94). Image pairs that differed by 1, 2, and 3 grades were considered to contain clinically relevant differences in 80%, 100%, and 100% of cases, respectively, while 84% of image pairs of the same grade were found not to show clinically relevant differences. This confirmed that the scale of the HVRS corresponded to clinically relevant distinctions. Conclusions The scale was proven to be precise, reproducible, and reflective of clinical differences.

• Journal of Bone Metabolism
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.227-233
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• 2018

Background: Few studies have investigated the effects of sarcopenia on postoperative outcomes including mortality rates following surgery for osteoporotic hip fractures. The purpose of the present study was to determine the prevalence of sarcopenia and the relationship between sarcopenia and 1- and 5-year mortality rates in a consecutive series of patients with osteoporotic hip fractures. Methods: Among patients who underwent hip surgery for osteoporotic hip fractures, this study included 91 patients subjected to abdominal computed tomography within 1 year of hip surgery. We defined sarcopenia using sex-specific cut-off points for the skeletal muscle index at the level of the third lumbar vertebra. All patients were divided into 2 groups according to the presence or absence of sarcopenia and the 1- and 5-year mortality rates were compared. To confirm factors affecting mortality in addition to sarcopenia, we examined patient age, sex, American Society of Anesthesiologists grade, location of fracture, type of surgery, and bone mineral density. Results: The 1- and 5-year mortality rates were 20.9% and 67.2%, respectively. Among the 45 patients with sarcopenia, the 1- and 5-year mortality rates were 22.2% and 82.7%, respectively. Of the 46 patients without sarcopenia, the 1- and 5-year mortality rates were 19.6% and 52.7%, respectively. Results of the Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that sarcopenia did not affect the 1-year mortality rate (P=0.793), but had a significant effect on the 5-year mortality rate (P=0.028). Both perioperative sarcopenia (P=0.018) and osteoporosis (P=0.000) affected the 5-year mortality rate. Conclusions: Sarcopenia increases the risk of 5-year mortality in patients with osteoporotic hip fractures.