• 보존과학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.60-79
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• 1992

In relation to the scientific conservation treatment of ancient gilt bronze, the gold film coated on the bronze excavated from Hwangnam Great Tomb of Old Silla Kingdom(A. D. 5C) was studied in the view of coating technology and metallurgy of bronze. The uniform and dense gold film containing $2.44\sim12.40%$ of Hg with the thickness of $5.99\sim12.97{\mu}m$ was found to be coated on the bronze objects by amalgam coating method. On silver objects, the film with the thickness of $19.96{\mu}m$ was coated also continously and uniformly with gold by the same method. The bronze objects was fabricated by forging technique and contained almost $4.7\sim11.5%$ of Pb. Its microstructure was $\alpha-phase$ solid solution including Pb segregation in the matrix. The amount of $0.4\sim2.0%$ Zn was added in the bronze for the purpose of easy fabricating of Cu alloy. Based on the data studied, the gold film on bronze sample was reproduced by amalgam coating method and compared with the ancient gold film.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.210-225
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• 2004

Statement of problem: Implant screw loosening has been remained problem in restorative practices. Surface treatment of screw plays a role of preventing screw from loosening in implant screw mechanism. Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate surface characteristics of TiN and ZrN film ion plated screw with titanium and gold alloy screw and to evaluate wear resistance, surface roughness, and film adhesion on screw surface using various instruments. Material and methods : GoldTite screws and titanium screws provided by 3i (Implant Innovation, USA) and TorqTite screws or titanium screws by Steri-Oss (Nobel Biocare, USA) and gold screws and titanium screws by AVANA (Osstem Implant, korea) were selected. Ion plating which is much superior to other surface modification techniques was carried out for gold screws and titanium screws using Ti and Zr coating materials with nitrogen gas. Ion nitrided surface of each abutment screw was observed with field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM, micro-diamond scratch tester, vickers hardness tester, and surface roughness tester. Results : 1) The surface of gold screw and GoldTite is more smooth than ones of other kinds of non coated screw. 2) The ZrN and TiN coated surface is the more smooth than ones of other kinds of screw. 3) The hardness of TiN and ZrN coated surface showed higher than that of non coated surface. 4) The TiN coated titanium screw and ZrN coated gold screw have a good wear resistance and adhesion on the surface. 5) The surface of ZrN coated screw showed low surface roughness compared with the surface of TiN coated screw. Conclusion : It is considered that the TiN and ZrN coated screw which would prevent a screw from loosening can be applicable to implant system and confirmed that TiN and ZrN film act as lubricant on surface of screw due to decrease of friction for recycled tightening and loosening.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.19-23
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• 1998

We enhanced the sensitivity of surface plasmon resonance biosensor by the conversion of the real-time direct binding immunoassay into the sandwich immunoassay, in which colloidal gold particles coated with anti-mouse IgG was used. By the immobilization of anti-mouse IgG onto the carboxymethyl dextran surface of thin gold film, the direct binding of analyte(mouse IgG) onto the sensor chip, and the injection of colloidal gold particles coated with anti-mouse IgG, about 100 times of sensitivity enhancement was obtained. This result suggests that nanoparticles, which has a high refractive index, homogeneous ultrafine structure and capability of size control, would be applicable for the detection of very small quantity of biomaterial.

• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제55권2호
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• pp.102-119
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• 2022

Gold plating is used as a coating of connecter in printed circuit boards, ceramic integrated circuit packages, semiconductor devices and so on, because the film has excellent electric conductivity, solderability and chemical properties such as durability to acid and other chemicals. As increasing the demand for miniaturization of printed circuit boards and downsizing of electronic devices, several types of electroless gold plating solutions have been developed. Most of these conventional gold plating solutions contain cyanide compounds as a complexing agent. The gold film obtained from such baths usually satisfies the requirements for electronic parts mentioned above. However, cyanide bath is highly toxic and it always has some possibility to cause serious problems in working environment or other administrative aspects. The object of this investigation was to develop a cyanide-free electroless gold plating process that assures the high stability of the solution and gives the excellent solderability of the deposited film. The investigation reported herein is intended to establish plating bath composition and plating conditions for electroless gold plating, with thiomalic acid as a complexing agent. At the same time, we have investigated the solution stability against nickel ion and pull strength of solder ball. Furthermore, by examining the characteristics of the plated Au plating film, the problems of the newly developed electroless Au plating solution were improved and the applicability to various industrial fields was examined. New type electroless gold-plating bath which containing thiomalic acid as a complexing agent showing so good solution stability and film properties as cyanide bath. And this bath shows the excellent stability even if the dissolved nickel ion was added from under coated nickel film, which can be used at the neutral pH range.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.143-146
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• 2004

A surface plasmon resonance (SPR) imaging system was constructed and used to detect the hexahistidine-ubiquitin-tagged human parathyroid hormone fragment (His$\sub$6/-Ub-hPTHF(1-34)) expressed in Escherichia coli. The hexahistidine-specific antibody was immobilized on a thin gold film coated with ProLinker$\^$TM/ B, a novel calixcrown derivative with a bifunctional coupling property that permits efficient immobilizaton of capture proteins on solid matrices. The soluble and insoluble fractions of an E. coli cell lysate were spotted onto the antibody-coated gold chip, which was then washed with buffer (pH 7.4) solution and dried. SPR imaging measurements were carried out to detect the expressed His$\sub$6/-Ub-hPTHF(1-34). There was no discernible protein image in the uninduced cell lysate, indicating that non-specific binding of contaminant proteins did not occur on the gold chip surface. It is expected that the approach used here to detect affinity-tagged recombinant proteins using an SPR imaging technique could be used as a powerful tool for the analyses of a number of proteins in a high-throughput mode.

• 공업화학
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.9-14
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• 2023

본 논문에서는 용액의 이온 농도 측정이 가능한 나피온 폴리머(Nafion polymer) 코팅 기반 2상 금 전극의 임피던스(Impedance) 센서를 개발하였다. 스퍼터링(Sputtering) 공정을 통해서 제작된 금 전극의 표면을 나피온 폴리머를 사용하여 표면 개질 하였다. 상기 제작된 전극은 분극 현상 제어가 가능하여 전기화학적 신호를 안정적으로 측정할 수 있도록 하였다. 분광학과 전자주사현미경 관찰을 통하여 박막의 나피온 폴리머 코팅을 확인하였다. 나피온 코팅이 된 전극은 기존 금 전극에 비해 안정적인 임피던스 신호를 보여 주었으며, 표준 염화나트륨(NaCl) 용액 사용 시 임피던스 센서의 신뢰성 높은 검정 곡선(R² = 0.983)을 나타내었다. 또한, 임피던스 센서는 상용화 전도도 장치와 인공 눈물의 이온 농도 측정 비교 실험을 진행하였으며, 유사한 결과값을 확인하였다.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1999년도 하계학술대회 논문집 A
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• pp.277-280
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• 1999

We fabricated a resistive superconducting fault current limiter of two stripe meander type based on a YBCO film, and performed current limitation experiments. In order to disperse the heat generated at hot spots in the YBCO film the film was coated with a gold shunt layer. At $0^{\circ}$ fault angle the minimum quench current was $9.6 A_{peak}$(meander line cross section: $5{\times}10^{-6}cm^2$) and the fast quench time was 0.63 msec. The resistance of the limiter continued to increase for three cycles due to heat generation in the gold layer and was stabilized afterwards. At $45^{\circ}$ and $90^{\circ}$ the fast quench time were 0.56 msec and 0.26 msec, respectively. The quench time is believed to be reduced because faults occurred when the current was increasing or was at the peak value. With the limiter we could effectively limit the fault current about 1/5 times right after the fault and about 1/8.5 times three cycles after.

• 한국초전도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국초전도학회 1999년도 High Temperature Superconductivity Vol.IX
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• pp.348-351
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• 1999

Cold 층을 입힌 저항형 초전도 한류기의 전류 제한 특성을 통하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 고장발생후 3.2 msec 후에 quench가 발생하였으며, 부분적인 quench가 발생한 다음 시간이 지나면서 완전한 quench로 진행되었다. 즉, 선로고장에 따른 quench 발생 후 YBCO 초전도체의 gold층으로 대부분의 전류가 흐르게 되고, quench 되면서 발생하는 열도 대부분 gold층에서 흡수하여저항이 증가하였으며 이에 따른 전류감소, 전압증가 및 소비전력증가가 발생하였다. 인가전압 V$_0$=65 V$_{peak}$이고 R$_0$는 1 ${\omega}$, 그리고 R$_L$을 7.7 ${\omega}$으로 하였을 때 사고모의 위상각 0$^{\circ}$에서 고장발생후 0.9 msec 후인 9.6 A$_{peak}$ 되는 지점에서 quench가 발생하여 13.0 A$_{peak}$의 최대한류전류값을 보인후 11.4 A$_{peak}$의 전류값에서 fast quench가 완료되었다. 이때 quench 시간은0.63 msec 이었다. 저항값은 gold층에서 발생한 열때문에 점진적인 상승을 보이다가 약 3주기후에 일정한 값에 도달하였다. 한류소자의 온도는 약 11 msec 후에 상온에 도달하였으며, 3 주기후인 54 msec에는 150 $^{\circ}C$까지 상승하였다. gold 박막을 입힌 meander line은 임계전류 이상의 전류를 통전하였을 때에 용단되지 않았으며 ??치된 상태에서 3 사이클 이상 유지하였다. 약65 A$_{rms}$가 흘렀을 때에야 ??치후 3 사이클 지나용단되었다. 이러한 YBCO/gold에 의한 초전도한류기의 용량은 gold에 발생하는 열을 gold가감당할 수 있는 전류의 크기와 관련이 있으며, gold층이 YBCO 한류소자가 quench되었을 때 발생하는 열을 효과적으로 분산시킬 뿐만 아니라 전기적으로 shunt 회로 역할을 하고 있음을 확인할 수 있다. 이에 더하여 앞으로 quench 후 한류소자에서 발생할 수 있는 인덕턴스의 저감방안에 대한 설계 및 모델 탐구를 통하여 좀더 효율적인 한류소자 구성에 대한 연구를 병행하고자 한다.

• 보존과학연구
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• 통권14호
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• pp.45-76
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• 1993

Au-Cu alloyed coating layer were found by Hg-amalgam process and it seemed to be used Cu-amalgam process similar to Au-amalgam. Coated layer is dense and unique, Thickness of layer was 1.5 to $18.0\mum$ which had 95.3 to 99.8% purity of gold Matrix metal mostly cosists of forged copper alloy which had high purity and ferrite ($\alpha$) strusture. It showed excellent refining technical level at that time. Aowever, the nail, ferrous matrix used for strength needed, composed of silver foil packed and gold layer for adherence between ferrous matrix and gold layer

• 센서학회지
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.241-248
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• 2003

An electrochemical humidity sensor was fabricated with poly(1,5-diaminonaphthalene) film coated on a gap of two splitted gold electrodes, which were made by vacuum deposition. Response currents according to humidity were measured by the potential sweep method and chronoamperometry. The stability of the polymer film was improved by double step chronoamperometry using the applied voltage of ${\pm}0.5$ Vdc. The response time determined by the pulse technique was about ${\sim}50$ msec and the relative standard deviation of current response was within ${\pm}5.0%$. The response current of the film was intrinsically humidity dependent. The film exhibited a non-linear but reproducible response in ordinary range of relative humidity. The linear equations were $I(nA)=0.28{\times}%RH-1.01$ between 10 to 70 %RH and $I(nA)=6.05{\times}%RH-403.21$ between 70 to 90 %RH.