• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제21권7호
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• pp.711-718
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• 2011

A highly efficient cellobiohydrolase (CBH)-secreting basidiomycetous fungus, Agaricus arvensis KMJ623, was isolated and identified based on its morphological features and sequence analysis of internal transcribed spacer rDNA. An extracellular CBH was purified to homogeneity from A. arvencis culture supernatant using sequential chromatography. The relative molecular mass of A. arvencis CBH was determined to be 65 kDa by SDSPAGE and 130 kDa by size-exclusion chromatography, indicating that the enzyme is a dimer. A. arvencis CBH showed a catalytic efficiency ($k_{cat}/K_m$) of 31.8 $mM^{-1}\;s^{-1}$ for p-nitrophenyl-${\beta}$-D-cellobioside, the highest level seen for CBH-producing microorganisms. Its internal amino acid sequences showed significant homology with CBHs from glycoside hydrolase family 7. Although CBHs have been purified and characterized from other sources, A. arvencis CBH is distinguished from other CBHs by its high catalytic efficiency.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제22권11호
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• pp.1545-1551
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• 2012

이전 연구에서 저자들이 Glycoside hydrolase family 50 (GH-50)과 GH-118 ${\beta}$-agarase들의 발현과 특성을 보고한 Agarivorans sp. JA-1 균주로부터 신규의 GH-16 ${\beta}$-agarase를 보고하고자 한다. 본 유전자는 1,362 염기쌍으로 구성되어 있으며, 453 아미노산 잔기로 구성된 49,830 Da의 단백질을 암호화한다. 본 효소는 Pseudoalteromonas sp. CY24 유래의 GH-16 ${\beta}$-agarase와 98%의 염기서열 상동성과 99%의 아미노산서열 상동성을 나타냈다. 신호서열을 제외한 429 아미노산으로 구성된 성숙단백질에 해당하는 유전자를 E. coli BL21 (DE3) 세포에서 재조합 발현시킨 후, 친화성 크로마토그래피로 효소를 정제하였다. 정제된 효소는 $40^{\circ}C$와 pH 5.0에서 67.6 U/mg의 최적 활성을 보였다. 아가로스를 기질로 한 효소분해산물의 박막크로마토그래피 분석결과, neoagarohexaose와 neoagarotetraose가 주산물로 생산되는 것을 알 수 있었다. 본 효소는 기능성 한천올리고당의 산업적 생산에 활용 가능할 것으로 기대된다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.266-280
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• 2012

한천은 거대 홍조류의 세포벽 성분으로 agarase에 의해 가수분해된다. Agarase는 분해 양상에 따라 ${\alpha}$-agarase (E.C. 3.2.1.158)와 ${\beta}$-agarase (E.C. 3.2.1.81)로 나눌 수 있으며 아미노산 서열 유사성에 따라 GH (glycoside hydrolase) -16, -58, -86, -96, -118 로 나눌 수 있다. 많은 agarase들이나 그들의 유전자가 바다나 육지 환경의 세균 혹은 메타게놈에서 검출, 분리, 재조합 발현되었다. Agarase의 산물인 한천올리고당(agarooligosaccharides)과 네오한 천올리고당(neoagarooligosaccharides)은 항암, 면역활성, 항산화, 장내유용세균활성화, 간보호, 항균, 미백, 보습의 효과 등 다양한 기능성이 보고되어 식품, 화장품, 의학 영역에서 광범위하게 이용될 수 있다. 또한 agarase는 연구영역에서 이용될 수 있다. 이 논문은 agarase의 검출원, 정제법, 검출법 그리고 응용영역에 대해 검토하였고, 한천대사에서 agarase의 역할, 대사산물의 기능 등도 고찰하였다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제16권11호
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• pp.1753-1759
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• 2006

Paenibacillus sp. HY-8 isolated from the digestive tracts of the longicorn beetle, Moechotypa diphysis, produced an extracellular endoxylanase with a molecular weight of 20 kDa estimated by SDS-PAGE. The xylanase was purified to near electrophoretic homogeneity from the culture supernatant after ammonium sulfate precipitation, gel filtration, and ionexchange chromatography. The purified xylanase exhibited the highest activities at pH 6.0 and $50^{\circ}C$. The $K_m\;and\;V_{max}$ values were 7.2 mg/ml and 16.3 U/mg, respectively, for birchwood xylan as the substrate. Nucleotide sequence of the PCR-cloned gene was determined to have the open reading frame encoding a polypeptide of 212 amino acids. The N-terminal amino acid sequence and the nucleotide sequence analyses predicted that the precursor xylanase contained a signal peptide composed of 28 amino acids and a catalytically active 19.9-kDa peptide fragment. The deduced amino acid sequence shared extensive similarity with those of the glycoside hydrolase family 11 of xylanases from other bacteria. The predicted amino acid sequence contained two glutamate residues, previously identified as essential and conserved for active sites in other xylanases of the glycoside hydrolase family 11.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.159-165
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• 2007

본 논문에서는 갈색부후균 Fomitopsis palustris가 볏짚을 분해하는 과정 중에 생산하는 xylanase를 확인하여 분리 정제하고, 아미노산 서열분석을 통해 동정하였다. 그리고 동정된 단백질의 효소특성을 조사하였다. 분리 정제된 단백질은 SDS-PAGE분석에서 43kDa의 분자량을 나타내었고, 아미노산 서열분석에서는 Glycoside Hydrolase family 10에 속하는 xylanase와 높은 상동성을 나타내었다. 정제효소의 기질에 대한 $K_m$치는 $31 mg/m{\ell}$, $V_{max}$는 252.3 U/mg, $K_{cat}$은 $2.3{\times}10^4/min$이고, 최적 pH 범위는 pH 4.0~5.0 최대 활성 온도는 $70^{\circ}C$로 밝혀졌다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.765-775
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• 2019

A new ${\alpha}$-amylase-encoding gene (amySL3) of glycoside hydrolase (GH) family 13 was identified in soda lake isolate Alkalibacterium sp. SL3. The deduced AmySL3 shares high identities (82-98%) with putative ${\alpha}$-amylases from the genus Alkalibacterium, but has low identities (<53%) with functionally characterized counterparts. amySL3 was successfully expressed in Escherichia coli, and the recombinant enzyme (rAmySL3) was purified to electrophoretic homogeneity. The optimal temperature and pH of the activity of the purified rAmySL3 were determined to be $45^{\circ}C$ and pH 7.5, respectively. rAmySL3 was found to be extremely halophilic, showing maximal enzyme activity at a nearly saturated concentration of NaCl. Its thermostability was greatly enhanced in the presence of 4 M NaCl, and it was highly stable in 5 M NaCl. Moreover, the enzyme did not require calcium ions for activity, and was strongly resistant to a range of surfactants and hydrophobic organic solvents. The major hydrolysis products of rAmySL3 from soluble starch were maltobiose and maltotriose. The high ratio of acidic amino acids and highly negative electrostatic potential surface might account for the halophilic nature of AmySL3. The extremely halophilic, calcium-independent, and surfactant-resistant properties make AmySL3 a promising candidate enzyme for both basic research and industrial applications.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제26권12호
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• pp.2127-2137
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• 2016

A mangrove microbial community was analyzed at the gene and protein levels using metagenomic and proteomic methods with the green macroalgae Enteromorpha prolifera as the substrate. Total DNA was sequenced on the Illumina HiSeq 2000 PE-100 platform. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis in combination with liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry was used for proteomic analysis. The metagenomic data revealed that the orders Pseudomonadales, Rhizobiales, and Sphingomonadales were the most prevalent in the mangrove microbial community. By monitoring changes at the functional level, proteomic analyses detected ATP synthase and transporter proteins, which were expressed mainly by members of the phyla Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes. Members of the phylum Proteobacteria expressed a high number of sugar transporters and demonstrated specialized and efficient digestion of various glycans. A few glycoside hydrolases were detected in members of the phylum Firmicutes, which appeared to be the main cellulose-degrading bacteria. This is the first report of multiple "omics" analysis of E. prolifera degradation. These results support the fact that key enzymes of glycoside hydrolase family were expressed in large quantities, indicating the high metabolic activity of the community.

• 유기물자원화
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.48-58
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• 2009

Glycosyl hydrolase(GH, EC 3.2.1.-)는 둘 또는 그 이상의 탄수화물 및 탄수화물과 비탄수화물 부분사이의 글리코시딕 결합(glycosidic bond)을 가수분해하는 효소이다. GH에 대한 새로운 분류법은 효소들의 아미노산 서열의 유사성과 구조적인 특징에 기초를 두고 있다. 본 논문에서는 CAZy 데이터베이스를 통하여 총 115종에 이르는 GHF 유전자 중에서 지렁이로부터 12종의 GHF 유전자를 동정하였다. 이 중 산업적 응용가능성이 높은 5종의 유전자(GHF2, 5, 17, 18, 20)를 선택하여 다른 동물종에서 보고된 유전자와 비교분석하였다. 그 결과 지렁이 GHF 유전자들은 동종의 다른 유전자들과 높은 아미노산서열 상동성을 나타냈으며 활성부위 등의 주요 아미노산 잔기가 잘 보존되어 있었다. 이들 유전자들은 해충방제제, 식품가공업, 의학적 치료제 및 유기성폐기물 처리 등에 활용할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 방사선산업학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.65-69
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• 2014

The cellobiohydrolase gene (cbhI), a key component of a cellulolytic system, of a mutant PfCM4 (Pleurotus florida), developed through gamma ray radiation mutagenesis, was isolated and cloned. The deduced amino acid sequence was closely related to the glycoside hydrolase family 7 (GH7). The molecular weight of the deduced amino acid sequence of cbhI gene was found to be 22.4 kDa. Though the percent identity was found to be much less (35.61%) between the wild type and mutant, the cellulolytic activity of PfCM4 was 17.24% higher than that of the wild type. This shows that the catalytic domain of the cbhI gene was conserved in the mutant PfCM4.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제32권8호
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• pp.1064-1071
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• 2022

Arabinogalactans have diverse biological properties and can be used as pharmaceutical agents. Most arabinogalactans are composed of β-(1→3)-galactan, so it is particularly important to identify β-1,3-galactanases that can selectively degrade them. In this study, a novel exo-β-1,3-galactanase, named PoGal3, was screened from Penicillium oxalicum sp. 68, and hetero-expressed in P. pastoris GS115 as a soluble protein. PoGal3 belongs to glycoside hydrolase family 43 (GH43) and has a 1,356-bp gene length that encodes 451 amino acids residues. To study the enzymatic properties and substrate selectivity of PoGal3, β-1,3-galactan (AG-P-I) from larch wood arabinogalactan (LWAG) was prepared and characterized by HPLC and NMR. Using AG-P-I as substrate, purified PoGal3 exhibited an optimal pH of 5.0 and temperature of 40℃. We also discovered that Zn²⁺ had the strongest promoting effect on enzyme activity, increasing it by 28.6%. Substrate specificity suggests that PoGal3 functions as an exo-β-1,3-galactanase, with its greatest catalytic activity observed on AG-P-I. Hydrolytic products of AG-P-I are mainly composed of galactose and β-1,6-galactobiose. In addition, PoGal3 can catalyze hydrolysis of LWAG to produce galacto-oligomers. PoGal3 is the first enzyme identified as an exo-β-1,3-galactanase that can be used in building glycan blocks of crucial glycoconjugates to assess their biological functions.