• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2020.12a
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• pp.425-432
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• 2020

In order to improve the sustainability and smart construction, it is discussed arguably that developing and applying consistent "standard model" to plan business, design, construct and operate a building is considered to be one of the effective and efficient approach. The scope of this article is to examine, from the international developer's perspective, the "standard model" approach of a hotel brand to building projects in the UK, and also to explore potential role of project team to mitigate any local difference at the project level. These projects are developed by the same developer adopting the same business plan, design and operation to each project. In order to clarify the actual and likely difference in construction results, reference is also made to those building projects located in other geographical markets including Japan, Germany and USA, and focus is given on the analysis of its programme and cost. Principle findings are that there exists geographical difference especially in environmental and planning system, and that major local difference is found at least in the programme at the design stage. In contrast, the difference in the building cost itself may not be necessarily considered major if currency exchange rate being taken into account appropriately. It is also observed that there were cases where any difference in the programme was mitigated by taking different approach to procuring and defining roles of management and professional team at the project level. In conclusion, from the international developer's perspective, the geographical difference of the "construction system" surrounding building projects can typically lead to major prolongation of programme, however, these different construction results could be mitigated at least to a certain extent by introducing appropriate changes to the role of project team.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 1998.09a
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• pp.280.2-286
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• 1998

Flood is the main natural disaster mostly in the world. It is a care problem to prevent flood disaster generally. The frequency of flood disaster is high and the distributing field is wide, the 50 percent population and 70 percent properties distribute at the threaten field of flood disaster in China. Flood disaster has caused a huge amount of economical losses and these losses have an increasing trend. Along with the development of reducing natural disaster action, it has become one of the most attentive problems for monitoring flood, preventing flood and forecasting flood efficiently. Remote sensing has the characteristics of large spatial observing areas, wide spectrum ranges, and imaging far away from the targets, imaging capabilities all weather. Spatial remote sensing information, which records the full, processes of the disaster's occurrence and development in real-time. It is a scientific basis for management, planning and decision-making. Through systemic analyzing the RS monitoring theory, based on compounding RS information, the technology and method of monitoring flood disaster are studied.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.177-190
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• 2001

As standardized test and current perfomance assessment have some problems in the aspects of contextuality, authenticity and intelligence faimess, the aim of this study is to propose an 'intelligence-fair and authentic assessment(IFAA)as an appropriate altemative and to make sure of the probability of its application. In geographical education, an idealistic assessment can be realized when the tasks bear authenticity, multiple intelligence of students are accepted and the objective are confirming with general purpose. IFAA model consists of 5 elements. They are the selecting for strategic ideas, the developing a real-life task, the constructive instructing with teacher, the offering opportunity of multiple representation and the allotting of marks for each items, IFAA model proposed in this study is worth considering in educational validity and realistic adaptability.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.42 no.5
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• pp.788-807
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• 2007

To better publish geographical information on the Web, it is important to capture how Web technologies are changing. For a recent decade, Semantic Web has been developed by incorporating ontologies into the current Web, with an aim to make computers understand rather than simply display. Ontology, an explicit specification of a conceptualization, and the Semantic Web grounded on the ontology, have the potential for effective sharing and appropriate retrieval of geographical information. This paper describes a Semantic Web Service over the mobile Web that can offer pertinent tourism information according to user contexts. To do this, a tourism ontology was formalized in the PARA(Place-Attraction-Resource-Activity) ontology model by organizing tourist places, tourist attractions, tourism resources, and activities. Locational relationships between tourist places were also included in the PARA ontology model to take into account the movements of tourists on a railway network. The XML(Extensible Markup Language) Web Service in the middle tier manages the client-side request for information retrieval and the corresponding server-side response from the data provider. The PARA ontology was integrated into the XML Web Service for the concept-based discovery of tourism information. The applicability of the proposed system was tested through a simulation experiment for Tokyo tourism.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.173-183
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• 2017

We investigate the factors affecting the price of apartments using the spatial and temporal data of private real estate prices. The factors affecting the price of apartment were analyzed using geographical and temporal weighted regression (GTWR) model which incorporates the temporal and spatial variation. In contrast to the OLS, a general approach used in previous studies, and GWR method which is most widely used for analyzing spatial data, GTWR considers both temporal and spatial characteristics of the house price, and leads to better description of the house price determination. Year of construction and floor area are selected as the significant factors from the analysis, and the house price are affected by them temporally and geographically.

• Proceedings of the KGS Conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.103-103
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• 2004

With the emergency of geographic information systems (GIS), the traditional layer based data model can only contain the spatial geometry and thematic attributes of phenomena. In real world, geographic phenomena have not only spatial geometry and thematic attribute but the temporal situation and the relationship between each phenomenon. (omitted)

• Journal of Information Science Theory and Practice
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.21-33
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• 2016

A sustainable development in science, innovation, and technology requires a balanced distribution of scientific wealth in sub-country regions. This paper addresses the issue of geographical distribution of scientific wealth and its goal is to offer a framework to describe and measure the share of provinces in national scientific wealth. Our proposed model divides the indicators of scientific wealth into two groups, production and the use of scientific wealth. To evaluate this model, the scientific wealth of Iran was studied using recorded data on IRANDOC databases. Rich, average, and poor provinces were identified and the results showed that 70% of the scientific wealth belongs to 20% of the provinces. The findings can facilitate planning for a sustainable science and technology policy.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.344-353
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• 2007

Business incubators (BIs) could be regarded as an effective mechanism for linking research and industry to inspire technology and knowledge based entrepreneurship and innovation of start-up SMEs. The performance of BIs for small and medium enterprises (SMEs) innovation should be differentiated in accordance with the technology capacity of SMEs, the national entrepreneurial culture and characters in each economy. Therefore, the research intended to categorize BIs in the selected 10 APEC member economies into four types by investigating the issue of member economies' strategies, functions and characteristics in various focused programs.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 2003.09a
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• pp.254-257
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• 2003

Statistical analysis is performed to estimate the correlations between geological or geographical factor and groundwater inflow rates in the Seoul subway system. Correlation analysis shows that among several geological and geographical factors fractures and streams have most strong effects on inflow rate into tunnels. In particular, subway line 5∼8 are affected more by these factors than subway line 1∼4. Time series analysis is carried out to forecast groundwater inflow rate. Time series analysis is a useful empirical method for simulation and forecasts in case that physical model can not be applied to. The time series of groundwater inflow rates is calculated using the observation data. Transfer function-noise model is applied with the precipitation data as input variables. For time series analysis, statistical methods are performed to identify proper model and autoregressive-moving average models are applied to evaluation of inflow rate. Each model is identified to satisfy the lowest value of information criteria. Results show that the values by result equations are well fitted with the actual inflow rate values. The selected models could give a good explanation of inflow rates variation into subway tunnels.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.95-115
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• 2012

The initial market of alternative-fuel vehicle (AFV) will show geographically uneven distribution due to AFV's high price, and thus efficient location model should consider spatial variation of demand. This paper estimates AFV trips by incorporating an AFV demand estimation model with origin-destination (OD) trips. The estimates are the input for the flow-refueling location model that maximizes the OD flows that can be refueled by the given number of stations considering AFV's limited range per refueling. A scenario analysis is conducted by varying assumptions in estimating demands and AFV acceptance rate. Optimal location alternatives for Orland metropolitan area are provided and results are compared.