• 생명과학회지
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• 제17권6호통권86호
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• pp.756-761
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• 2007

능금속(Malus) 식물은 다년생 목본으로 국내에는 약 8종이 있다. 이 속에 있는 사과(M. pumila)는 경제적 중요작물로 그 기원은 서중국의 야생종 M. sieversii일 것으로 추정되고 있다. 우리나라에 자생하는 Malus내 모든 분류군과 중국의 M. sieversii를 RAPD로 분석하였다. 재배종이 높은 다양성을 나타낸 반면 제주아그배나무가 가장 낮은 다양성을 나타내었다. 재배종이 야생종보다 유전적 다양도가 더 높게 나타나 재배화 과정에서 여러 종과교잡이 일어나 많은 유전자가 침투된 것이라는 보고를 됫받침한다. 이 속은 M. sieversii를 포함한 사과나무, 능금나무가 같은 분자군을 형성하였고, 개아그배나무 또는 제주아그배나무(Malus micromalus), 아그배나무(Malus sieboldii), 꽃아그배나무(Malus floribunda)가 같은 분지군, 야광나무(Malus baccata), 개야광나무(Malus baccata for minor), 털야광나무(Malus baccata var. mandshurica)가 같은 분자군을 형성하였다. 한국내 재배종 사과와 능금이 국내 자생종 능금속에서 진화나 분지한 것은 아닌 것으로 판명되었고 오히려 중국 야생종이 그 기원의 하나일 가능성이 시사된다.

• Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology : HEB
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• 제59권6호
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• pp.909-917
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• 2018

Quercetin and its glycoside derivatives were identified and quantified using high-performance liquid chromatograph (HPLC) and liquid chromatograph/mass spectrometer/mass spectrometer (LC/MS/MS) in the leaves, flowers, and fruits of 22 Malus genotypes. In all genotypes, small amounts of quercetin aglycone were present, with water-soluble glycoside forms were the most abundant in different Malus plant tissues, including quercetin-3-galactoside, quercetin-3-rutinoside, quercetin-3-glucoside, quercetin-3-xyloside, quercetin-3-arabinoside, and quercetin-3-rhamnoside. Among these six quercetin glycosides, quercetin-3-galactoside was the common form in Malus plants, except in the leaves and flowers of M. ceracifolia and M. magdeburgensis, and in the fruits of M. micromalus 'Haihong Fruit', where there was a higher concentration of quercetin3-glucoside. Among the different tissues tested, leaves contained the highest concentration of quercetin and its glycosides, while fruits contained the lowest concentrations of these compounds. Among the genotypes we analyzed, no specific genotype consistently contained the highest concentration of quercetin and its glycoside derivatives. M. domestica 'Honeycrisp' had the highest total compound concentration (approximately $1600mg\;kg^{-1}$), whereas M. hupehensis contained the lowest in its fruits. In contrast, the concentration of total quercetin and its glycosides was more than $5000mg\;kg^{-1}$ in the leaves of eight genotypes and greater than $2500mg\;kg^{-1}$ in the flowers of seven species. In general, the concentration of quercetin and its glycoside derivatives depended on the species and tissue type. These results may provide useful information for the evaluation and selection of edible Malus fruits and the materials for quercetin glycoside extraction.

• 한국생명과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생명과학회 2006년도 제47회 학술심포지움 및 추계국제학술대회
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• pp.95.2-95.2
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• 2006

• 한국생명과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생명과학회 2006년도 제47회 학술심포지움 및 추계국제학술대회
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• pp.97.1-97.1
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• 2006

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.173-180
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• 2013

Berries of Korean mistletoe (Viscum album var. coloratum [Kom.] Ohwi) contained one seed, which have, in general, one or two embryos but very rarely three embryos. Mucilaginous substances in berries may help them adhere to the branches of host trees. It was observed that seeds need more than one and half years to develop into normal and healthy seedlings from the time of inoculation. Many factors such as adhesion of berry, thickness of host branch, orientation of haustorial root, etc. influenced the successful development of mistletoe plants. Through the application of six-year observation results on the germination of seeds and growth of seedlings, about 80% of germination rate for mistletoe seeds and 61% of survival ratio for germinated seeds, which is more than 23 times higher in natural conditions, were obtained after inoculation of seeds on the one-year-old branches of Malus pumila var. dulcissima and Quercus mongolica trees. The technological aspects of the success can be applied to other host plants and provide a critical clue to an artificial propagation system, for this medicinally valuable genus. This is the first successful report on artificial inoculation and plant development of Korean mistletoe.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제51권2호
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• pp.111-120
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• 2023

Three fungal strains designated as KNUF-23-MG32, KNUF-23-YC8, and KNUF-23-MJ82 were isolated from the abnormal symptomatic apple trees during screening fungal pathogens collected in Jeollanam-do and Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea. These fungal strains were found to have similar cultural and morphological characteristics close to the genus Botryosphaeria. Morphological characteristics were matched with B. kuwatsukai CBS 135219 but different with B. dothidea KACC 45481 and B. sinensis HMAS 246714^T. Pathogenicity tests of strain KNUF-23-MG32 showed that this strain causes rot in Fuji apples. Molecular phylogenetic analysis based on the sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions, translation elongation factor 1-alpha (TEF1α), and partial β-tubulin (TUB2) showed that these strains are B. kuwatsukai. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of an apple ring rot fungus Botryosphaeria kuwatsukai in Korea.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제59권1호
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• pp.37-45
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• 1983

한국(韓國)에서 자생(自生)하는 목본식물(木本植物)의 외생균근(外生菌根)과 내생균근(內生菌根)의 분포(分布)를 조사(調査)하고 그 결과(結果)를 외국(外國)의 문헌(文獻)과 비교(比較)하였다. 경기도(京畿道) 광릉(光陵) 임업시험장(林業試驗場)에서 대부분의 뿌리 표본(表本)을 채취(採取)하였으며, 모두 32과(科), 63속(屬), 102종(種)을 관찰(觀察)하였다. 외생균근(外生菌根)은 소나무과(科)(Pinus, Larix, Picea, Abies), 버드나무과(科)(Populus, Salix), 자작나무과(科)(Alnus, Betula, Carpinus, Corylus), 참나무과(科)(Quercus, Castanea), 피나무과(科)(Tilia)의 13속(屬)에서 관찰(觀察)되었으며, 내생균근(內生菌根)은 위의 13속중(屬中) Populus와 나머지 49속(屬)에서 관찰(觀察)되었다. 외생(外生)이나 내생균근(內生菌根)을 전혀 가지지 않은 속(屬)은 Rhus뿐이었으나, 이 속(屬)은 좀더 자제한 관찰(觀察)을 요(要)한다. 외생(外生)과 내생(內生)을 함께 가지고 있는 속(屬)은 Populus 뿐이었으나, 외국문헌(外國文獻)에는 그밖에도 Juniperus, Cupressus, Populus, Salix, Juglans, Alnus, Ulmus, Malus, Pyrus, Tilia 등이 수록(收錄)되어 있다. 우발적(偶發的)으로 외생균근(外生菌根)을 형성(形成)한다고 하는 Juniperus, Ulmus, Pyrus, Acer 등에서는 외생균근(外生菌根)을 관찰(觀察)할 수 없었다. 몇 수종(樹種)의 내생균근(內生菌根)의 형태학적(形態學的) 특성(特性)을 현미경(顯微鏡) 사진(寫眞)과 함께 설명(說明)하였다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.259-265
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• 2002

Apple mosaic virus (ApMV), a member of the genus Ilarvirus, was detected and isolated from diseased 'Fuji' apple (Malus domestica) in Korea. The coat protein (CP) genes of two ApMV strains, denoted as ApMV-Kl and ApMV-K2, were amplified by using the reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and were analyzed thereafter. The objectives were to define the molecular variability of genomic information of ApMV found in Korea and to develop virus-derived resistant gene source for making virus-resistant trans-genic apple. RT-PCR amplicons for the APMVS were cloned and their nucleotide sequences were determined. The CPs of ApMV-Kl and ApMV-K2 consisted of 222 and 232 amino acid residues, respectively. The identities of the CPs of the two Korean APMVS were 93.1% and 85.6% at the nucleotide and amino acid sequences, respectively. The CP of ApMV-Kl showed 46.1-100% and 43.2-100% identities to eight different ApMV strains at the nucleotide and amino acid levels, respectively. When ApMV-PV32 strain was not included in the analysis, ApMV strains shared over 83.0% and 78.6% homologies at the nucleotide and amino acid levels, respectively. ApMV strains showed heterogeneity in CP size and sequence variability. Most of the amino acid residue differences were located at the N-termini of the strains of ApMV, whereas, the middle regions and C-termini were remarkably conserved. The APMVS were 17.(1-54.5% identical with three other species of the genus Ilarviyus. ApMV strains can be classified into three subgroups (subgroups I, II, and III) based on the phylogenetic analysis of CP gene in both nucleotide and amino acid levels. Interestingly, all the strains of subgroup I were isolated from apple plants, while the strains of subgroups II and III were originated from peach, hop, or pear, The results suggest that ApMV strains co-evolved with their host plants, which may have resulted in the CP heterogeneity.