• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.55-64
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• 1990

Cell volume and DNA contents of the fusants were similar to those of parents. Genetic stability of the fusants was increased when they were cultured on minimal medium (MM) rather than on complete medium (CM), and the fusants were stabilized by subculturing 7 generations each 7 day on MM agar. The finally selected fusants after being cultured for 6 months on CM were stable without segregation. The fusants could also form nuclein and ascospores, and show red and pink colors by the test of TTC colorization. Assimilability and fermentability of carbon sources of the fusants were similarto those of parents. The tolerance of KCl, NaCl, sodium propionate and cycloheximide showed the traits of one strain of parents. When the fusants were cultured for 72 hr and 60 hr in the medium containing 20% glucose and sucrose, respectively, the yield of ethanol for FWKS 260 was reached to 9.6 v/v% and 9.8v/v%, respectively. The sensitive strain Kyokai 7 was found to be killed entirely after cultivation of 48 hr by the killer toxin from the fusants. The recipient S 29 and Kyokai 7 were found to have neither L nor M dsRNA plasmid. However, K 52 and fusants had both L and M dsRNA plasmid of 4.7 kb and 2.5 kb, respectively. The curants treated by heat and cycloheximide did not contain M dsRNA plasmid, but had large amounts of L dsRNA plasmid of those of killer yeasts.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.632-652
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• 1996

It has been noted that a genetic alteration of cells influenced by unhealthy lifestyle in addition to a series of other carcinogens increases the incidence of various neoplasmic diseases. Therefore the importance of a lifestyle that minimizes such an impact on health should be emphasized. Since stomach cancer, the most common neoplasmic disease in Korea, is related to personal lifestyle and as there is a possibility of its recurrence, patients with stomach cancer need to lead a healthy lifestyle. Also the quality of life which patients experience is negatively affected by the side effects of treatments and the possibility of recurrence. Therefore an effective nursing intervention to enhance quality of life and encourage healthy lifestyle is needed. The purpose of this study is to provide a basis for nursing intervention strategies to promote health and thus enhance quality of life. A hypothetical model for this purpose was constructed based on Pender's Health Promotion Model and Becker's Health Belief Model, with the inclusion of some influential factors such as hope for quality of life and health promoting behavior. The aims of study were to : 1) evaluate the effectiveness of patient's cognitive-perceptual factors on health promoting behaviors and quality of life ; 2) examine the causal relationships among perceived benefit, perceived barrier, perceived susceptibility and severity, internal locus of control, perceived health status, hope, health concept, self efficacy, self esteem health promoting behaviors & quality of life ; 3) build and test a global hypothetical model. The subjects for this study were 164 patients who were being treated for stomach cancer were approached in the outpatient clinic on a University Hospital. The data from the completed questionnaires were analyzed using Linear Structural Relationships (LISREL). The results of research are as follows : 1) Hypothetical model and the modified model showed a good fit to the empirical data, revealing considerable explanational power for health promoting behaviors(54.9%) and quality of life(87.6%) 2) Self efficacy and hope had significant effects on health promoting behaviors. Of these, hope was affected indirectly through self efficacy and self esteem. 3) Perceived health status, hope and self esteem had significant direct effect on the quality of life. Of these variables, perceived health status was the most essential factor affecting general satisfaction in life. 4) Self-efficacy, as a mediating variable, was positively affected by perceived benefit and hope. 5) Self-esteem, as a mediating variable, was positively affected by perceived health status and hope. 6) Hope was the main variable affecting self efficacy, self esteem, health promoting behaviors and quality of life. The derived model in this study could effectively be used as a reference model for further study and could suggests a direction for nursing practices

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.1-7
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• 2005

Objectives : In this study, Folium Perillae were examined the possibility to apply as the cosmetics natural materials. Methods : Normal skin softener containing Folium Perillae extracts was manufactured and then its physiological activities function was experimented on. And emollient lotion containing Folium Perillae extracts was manufactured and then it was left under the condition of $-10^{\circ}C,\;0^{\circ}C$, room temperature and $37^{\circ}C$ for a month. Then its stability and safety were tested. Results : The physiological activities function of the normal skin softener was almost same with the electron donating ability, SOD like activity and xanthine oxidase inhibitory effect of Folium Perillae extracts. To find the changes of emollient lotion containing Folium Perillae extracts, the emollient lotion was left under the condition of $-10^{\circ}C,\;0^{\circ}C$, room temperature and $37^{\circ}C$ for a month. Then, when the emollient lotion was observed with the naked eye, pH, viscosity and particle diameter were measured, its changes were not nearly found. Futhermore, as a result of doing patch test to identify the safety of emollient lotion containing Folium Perillae extracts, there was no stimulus on skin. Conclusions : From the above results, it was expected that the physiological activities of Folium Perillae extracts can be maintained when cosmetics containing Folium Perillae extracts are manufactured. And it was proved that Folium Perillae extracts didn't affect the change of cosmetic when they were applied to cosmetic materials. And it was concluded that emollient lotion containing Folium Perillae extracts was safe for skin.

• Journal of Genetic Medicine
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.135-138
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• 2011

The authors of the present study report the prenatal detection of a chromosomal abnormality with additional satellites on the distal short arm of chromosome 8. A 35-year-old woman was referred for amniocentesis because of her advanced maternal age and positive result for maternal serum screening test. Cytogenetic analysis of cultured amniocytes showed a satellite 8p chromosome. The satellite 8p chromosome was positive for nucleolus organizer region (NOR) staining. The parents' karyotypes were normal. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) study for metaphases of fetal amniocytes revealed a cryptic translocation of chromosomes 8p and 22p. The fetal karyotype was described as 46,XY,8ps.ish t(8;22)(p23.3;p11.2) (D8S504-;D8S504+)dn. The parents decided to continue the pregnancy and a phenotypically normal boy was born at 38 weeks of gestation. In case of de novo terminal NORs detected prenatally, more accurate cytogenetic and molecular analysis should be performed in order to rule out cryptic chromosomal rearrangement among other chromosomes.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.28-44
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• 1998

This study was conducted to suggest the ecological restoration strategies for the disturbed landscapes by theoretical study. Especially, it is aimed to suggest three objectives for restoration by using native plants ; (1) prevention or reduction of wind and water erosion, (2) provision of food and cover for variety of animal species, (3) improvement of the visual or aesthetic quality of disturbed sites. The main results were summarized as follows. 1. Cooperation between restoration ecologists and restoration practitioners is needed to delineate a scientific approach to restoration ; (1) Being aware of published literature that describes similar work and/or establish general principles. (2) Preparedness to carry out proper experiments to test ideas. (3) Preparedness to monitor fundamental parameters in a restoration scheme. (4) Providing information about the behavior of species. (5) Publish results. 2. There are three models of succession in theories of plant succession. The tolerance and facilitation models were recommended to ecological restoration. The inhibition model applies in most secondary succession, but the actual species which are introduced first may inhibit the germination and growth of slower-growing species, or they may prevent the growth of other species whose propagules arrive later. 3. The objectives of erosion control, wildlife habitat provision, and visual quality improvement are not mutually exclusive. However, many revegetation practices in the past have emphasized one of these aspects at the expense of the others. 4. A native plant community can be the model of ecological restoration. By stylization/abstraction of native plant community, trying to learn the most essential characteristics of community types - environmental factors ; dominant, prevalent, and "visual essence" species composition - in order to use such information in restoration. 5. After developing mass/spaces plan, match plant communities to the mass/space plan. In utilizing community grouping, there needs aesthetic ability to understand design elements. 6. Several hydrophytes such as Pennisetum saccharifluous, Themeda triandra, Cirsium pendulum show relatively good germination rates. In case of mesophytes and xerophytes, Arundinella hina, Artemisia princeps, Oenothera odorata and legumes seem to have quick-germinating abilities at barren sites. Pinus thunbergii, Rhus chinensis, Evodia daniellii, Alnus firma and Albizzia julibrissin can be considered as "late succession" woody plants because they show low germinating rates and slow growing habitat. 7. The seeds used for restoration should be collected within a certain radius of where it will be planted. Consideration in genetic issues in the collection and use of germplasm can increase the odds for successful restoration efforts. 8. The useful model in the "drift" pattern occurs so abundantly in naturally evolving landscapes. As one species diminishes in density, a second or third species are increased. Thus, dynamic interactions between species are created. Careful using of "drift phenomenon" in planting was recommended. 9. Virtually no stand of vegetation today is immune from the introduction and/or spreading of exotic species. Therefore, the perpetuation of a restored sites requires conscious monitoring and management. Thus, management would be the most important process in ecological restoration. 10. In order to keep the sites "natural", alternative management strategies would be applied in management ; Atenative management strategies are decelerating successional process, accelerating successional processes or modifying species composition. As management tools, mechanical, chemical, biological or environmental factor manipulation, e.g., fire could be used.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.297-302
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• 1988

The protoplasts of Saccharomyces cerevisiae D-71, a thermophilic strain and Zygosaccharomyces rouxii SR-S, an osmotolerant strain were fused, and a fusant (FS-RN 1) was selected, then was characterized for its genetic stability, DNA content, cell capacity, growth rate, tolerance to salts and chemicals, $\beta$-fructofuranosidase level and ethanol fermenting activity. After 6 months of preservation, 5.8% of the fusant clones were segregated to parental types. The DNA content and cell capacity of the fusant were greater than those of the parental strains. Lag period of growth for the fusant was longer than those for the parents. The fusant colonies showed pink-color reaction to triphenyltetrazolium chloride(TTC) test. The fusant appeared to have resistances to NaCl at moderate levels between both parental strains, and resistances to KCI, sodium propionate and cycloheximide similar to either one of the parents. $\beta$-Fructofuranosidase activity of the fusant was 24.2$\times$10$^{-3}$/IU/g(dry wt) for 3 days culture. Ethanol yields ofter 4 days of fermentation by the fusant at 3$0^{\circ}C$ were : 6.0%(v/v) from 40% of glucose and 8.8%(v/v) from 20% of sucrose.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.112-121
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• 2017

Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is the serious and fatal drug-associated adverse effect, but its incidence is very low and individual variation in severity is substantial. Acetaminophen (APAP)-induced liver injury accounts for >50% of reported DILI cases but little is known for the cause of individual variations in the severity. Intrinsic genetic variation is considered a key element but the identity of the genes was not well-established. Here, pre-biopsy method and microarray technique was applied to uncover the key genes for APAP-induced liver injury in mice, and a cause and effect experiment employing quantitative real-time PCR was conducted to confirm the correlation between the uncovered genes and APAP-induced hepatotoxicity. We identified the innately and differentially expressed genes of mice susceptible to APAP-induced hepatotoxicity in the pre-biopsied liver tissue before APAP treatment through microarray analysis of the global gene expression profiles (Affymetrix $GeneChip^{(R)}$ Mouse Gene 1.0 ST for 28,853 genes). Expression of 16 genes including Gdap10, Lpl, Gabra3 and Ccrn4l were significantly different (t-test: FDR <10%) more than 1.5 fold in the susceptible animals than resistant. To confirm the association with the susceptibility to APAP-induced hepatotoxicity, another set of animals were measured for the expression level of selected 4 genes (higher two and lower two genes) in the liver pre-biopsy and their sensitivity to APAP-induced hepatotoxicity was evaluated by post hoc. Notably, the expressions of Gabra3 and Lpl were significantly correlated with the severity of liver injury (p<0.05) demonstrating that these genes may be linked to the susceptibility to APAP-induced hepatotoxicity.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.204-211
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• 2016

The objective of this study was to obtain acute (single) oral dose toxicity information on Lactobacillus-fermented Araliae Continentalis Radix aqueous extracts (fACR) in female and male ICR mice, as compared with Araliae Continentalis Radix aqueous extracts (ACR). After administering a single oral dose of fACR, no treatment-related mortalities were observed within 14 days after the end of treatment up to 2,000 mg/kg, the maximum dosage for rodents of both sexes; moreover, no fACR treatment-related changes in the body and organ weights, clinical signs, necropsy, and histopathological findings were detected in this experiment. In addition, no ACR 2,000 mg/kg treatment-related mortalities, clinical signs, body and organ weights, or gross and histopathological findings were observed, as compared with equal genders of vehicle control. The results obtained in this study suggest that fACR is non-toxic in mice and is, therefore, likely to be safe for clinical use. The LD₅₀ and approximate LD in female mice and male mice, respectively, were considered after a single oral dose of fACR over 2,000 mg/kg, the maximum dosage for rodents. In addition, no specific targets or clinical signs were detected in the present study. ACR 2,000 mg/kg-treated mice also did not show any treatment-related mortalities, clinical signs, changes to body and organ weights, or gross and histopathological findings, as compared with equal genders of vehicle control.

• Journal of Genetic Medicine
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.80-83
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• 2007

A 36-year-old pregnant woman was referred for amniocentesis at 19.5 weeks gestation because of advanced maternal age and evidence of increased risk for Edward syndrome in the maternal serum screening test. Cytogenetic analysis of the cultured amniotic fluid cells revealed mosaicism for ring chromosome 11: 46,XX,r(11)[65]/ 45,XX,-11[16]/ 46,XX [34]. Parental karyotypes were normal. A targeted ultrasound showed intrauterine grow th restriction (IUGR). Cordocentesis was performed to characterize the ring chromosome and to rule out tissue specific mosaicism. Karyotype was confirmed as 46,XX,r(11) (p15.5q24.2)[229]/45,XX,-11[15]. And a few new form of ring w ere detected in this culture. The deletion of subtelomeric regions in the ring chromosome were detected by fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH). The pregnancy was terminated. The fetal autopsy showed a growth-retarded female fetus with rocker bottom feet. We report a case of prenatally detected a de novo ring chromosome 11.

• Journal of the Korean Child Neurology Society
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.284-287
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• 2018

Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is an autosomal dominant disorder caused by mutation of one of two genes, TSC1 (encoding hamartin, 9q34) and TSC2 (encoding tuberin, 16p13). It invades the central nervous system and various parts of the body, causing various symptoms. Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic immune-mediated disease that has not been clearly elucidated. It is thought to be caused by an excessive immune response of the body to bacteria that normally exist in the digestive tract with genetic factors. No cases have been reported in which both of the above-mentioned diseases occurred simultaneously. We report a case of CD in a patient with TSC. A 12-year-old boy was brought to our hospital because of abdominal pain. Skin lesions were observed in the TSC. Fundus examination revealed a hamartoma in the right retina. Brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed a subendothelial giant cell astrocytoma (SEGA). On the basis of these findings, he was diagnosed as having TSC. Blood test results showed increased levels of inflammatory markers. On abdominal ultrasonography, his colon walls were observed to be thickened with increased vascularity of the proximal ascending colon, ileocecal valve, and terminal ileum. Colonoscopy revealed discontinuous ulcerations and inflammations of the ileum, IC valve, and cecum, similar to those found in CD. Everolimus was administered orally for the SEGA but was discontinued frequently owing to the exacerbation of CD. The possibility of CD should be kept in mind in patients with TSC considering to undergo treatment for SEGA.