• Animal Bioscience
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.576-590
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• 2024

Objective: The objective of this study was to identify genes associated with 305-day milk yield (MY) and fat yield (FY) that also influence the adaptability of the Thai multibreed dairy cattle population to tropical conditions. Methods: A total of 75,776 imputed and actual single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from 2,661 animals were used to identify genomic regions associated with MY and FY using the single-step genomic best linear unbiased predictions. Fixed effects included herd-year-season, breed regression, heterosis regression and calving age regression effects. Random effects were animal additive genetic and residual. Individual SNPs with a p-value smaller than 0.05 were selected for gene mapping, function analysis, and quantitative trait loci (QTL) annotation analysis. Results: A substantial number of QTLs associated with MY (9,334) and FY (8,977) were identified by integrating SNP genotypes and QTL annotations. Notably, we discovered 17 annotated QTLs within the health and exterior QTL classes, corresponding to nine unique genes. Among these genes, Rho GTPase activating protein 15 (ARHGAP15) and catenin alpha 2 (CTNNA2) have previously been linked to physiological traits associated with tropical adaptation in various cattle breeds. Interestingly, these two genes also showed signs of positive selection, indicating their potential role in conferring tolerance to trypanosomiasis, a prevalent tropical disease. Conclusion: Our findings provide valuable insights into the genetic basis of MY and FY in the Thai multibreed dairy cattle population, shedding light on the underlying mechanisms of tropical adaptation. The identified genes represent promising targets for future breeding strategies aimed at improving milk and fat production while ensuring resilience to tropical challenges. This study significantly contributes to our understanding of the genetic factors influencing milk production and adaptability in dairy cattle, facilitating the development of sustainable genetic selection strategies and breeding programs in tropical environments.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.440-446
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• 2012

Gastrodia elata, an achlorophyllous orchid plant, is rare medicinal plant. We investigated the genetic diversity in G. elata from 4 locations by using Inter-Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSR) markers. Shannon's information Index (S.I.) indicating genetic diversity ranged from 0.255 (Pocheon) to 0.322 (Muju) with the mean of 0.29. The level of genetic diversity was lower than other plant and most genetic diversity was allocated among individuals within populations (26.81%). The UPGMA dendrogram based on genetic distance failed in showing decisive geographic relationship. In the case of gastrodin (GA), the major components in G. elata, Sangju was highest. The ergothionine (ERG) was detected a lot of contents in Muju and Pocheon. In conclusion, our results is very important information for explaining relationship of genetic variation and functional substances without the effects of environment factors and developing genetic marker by ISSR in G. elata, which may be responsible for the development of breeds with a lot of functional substance in G. elata.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.112-117
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• 2001

A nonconventional yeast strain Y103 capable of degrading several aromatic hydrocarbons was isolated from the wastewater of the Yocheon industrial complex. The strain Y103 was identified as Yarrowia lipolytica on the basis of its unique dimorphic and biochemical characteristics as determined by a Biolog test. Y. lipolytica Y103 was found to degrade phenol and 4-chlorophenol to produce catechol. The catechol then will be further degraded to produce 2-hydroxymuconic semialdehyde via meta-cleavage. These results indicate that strain Y103 degrades 4-chlorophenol, phenol, and catechol through a consecutive reaction to produce 2-hydroxymuconic semialdehyde. The most active degradation of phenol by Y. lipolytica Y103 occurred with a 0.5 mM phenl concentration in an MM2 medium at $30^{\circ}C$ and pH 7.0.

• Animal Bioscience
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.826-837
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• 2022

Objective: Cambodia is located within the distribution range of the red junglefowl, the common ancestor of domestic chickens. Although a variety of indigenous chickens have been reared in Cambodia since ancient times, their genetic characteristics have yet to be sufficiently defined. Here, we conducted a large-scale population genetic study to investigate the genetic diversity and population genetic structure of Cambodian indigenous chickens and their phylogenetic relationships with other chicken breeds and native chickens worldwide. Methods: A Bayesian phylogenetic tree was constructed based on 625 mitochondrial DNA D-loop sequences, and Bayesian clustering analysis was performed for 666 individuals with 23 microsatellite markers, using samples collected from 28 indigenous chicken populations in 24 provinces and three commercial chicken breeds. Results: A total of 92 haplotypes of mitochondrial D-loop sequences belonging to haplogroups A to F and J were detected in Cambodian chickens; in the indigenous chickens, haplogroup D (44.4%) was the most common, and haplogroups A (21.0%) and B (13.2%) were also dominant. However, haplogroup J, which is rare in domestic chickens but abundant in Thai red junglefowl, was found at a high frequency (14.5%), whereas the frequency of haplogroup E was considerably lower (4.6%). Population genetic structure analysis based on microsatellite markers revealed the presence of three major genetic clusters in Cambodian indigenous chickens. Their genetic diversity was relatively high, which was similar to findings reported for indigenous chickens from other Southeast Asian countries. Conclusion: Cambodian indigenous chickens are characterized by mitochondrial D-loop haplotypes that are common to indigenous chickens throughout Southeast Asia, and may retain many of the haplotypes that originated from wild ancestral populations. These chickens exhibit high population genetic diversity, and the geographical distribution of three major clusters may be attributed to inter-regional trade and poultry transportation routes within Cambodia or international movement between Cambodia and other countries.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.117-118
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• 2000

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2021

In the era of the Nagoya Protocol, the way researchers have perceived genetic resources needs to change - genetic resources are no longer a common heritage of mankind. Many countries have recently amended their legal systems and are ready to adopt new legal procedures for access and benefit-sharing (ABS) of genetic resources to implement the Nagoya Protocol, claiming their sovereign rights over these resources for research use. Although both Korean government and academics have been striving to respond to the Nagoya Protocol, the understanding of ABS among researchers and the governmental guidelines for the use of genetic resources are not satisfactory yet. Researchers may perceive the implementation of the Nagoya Protocol as another burden for their research. However, it is evident that resource-rich countries are more likely to protect their genetic resources than other countries, and this tendency is expected to last long. Therefore, Korean researchers need to be prepared to minimize any damage that might be caused by ABS. This paper aims to raise awareness of ABS among Korean researchers by reviewing the key contents and overall structure of the Nagoya Protocol. It also identifies ABS procedures and presents specific measures for researchers to respond to the resulting changes in their research environments. Accordingly, this paper will serve as a guide for researchers to conduct research and development in accordance with the Nagoya Protocol.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.103 no.1
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• pp.59-64
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• 2014

This study describes analysis of genetic diversity and spatial genetic structure of Korean poplar (Populus koreana Rehder) in Mt. Odae using I-SSR markers. P. koreana is a deciduous broad-leaved tree species that primarily grows in the alpine valleys of China, Russia and North Korea. In South Korea, P. koreana is found limitedly in Gangwon province. Especially, the population in Mt. Odae is located on the southern limit line, its importance is emphasized from the genetic resource conservation perspective. The Shannon's diversity (I=0.230) and the expected heterozygosity (He=0.151) were relatively low as compared with those of other plant species. Spatial autocorrelation analysis using Tanimoto's distance showed that the genetic patch was founded within 400 m. It is suggested that individual trees for ex situ conservation should be sampled with a minimum distance of 400 m between trees.

• Bioindustry News
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.8-13
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• 1996

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.37-37
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• 2003

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.53-53
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• 2005