• Animal cells and systems
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.45-51
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• 2010

Genetic variation was surveyed at the mitochondrial control region (766bp) to test for the presence of genetic stock structure in the small yellow croaker, Larimichthys polyactis from the Yellow and East China Seas. Individuals of the small yellow croaker could not be distinguished on the basis of its location, as demonstrated using the neighbor-joining (NJ) method, unweighted pair-group method, arithmetic average (UPGMA) and the minimum spanning network (MSN). Analysis of molecular variance revealed no significant differences among collections of the small yellow croaker taken from the four locations (two locations each in Korea and China). Neutrality tests and a mismatch distribution analysis indicated that this species has recently expanded. Our findings suggest either that the small yellow croaker has a high migration capability that enables it to overcome the effects of genetic drift, or that this species expanded relatively recently and has not yet had sufficient time to differentiate.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.448-453
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• 2008

This study describes design and development techniques of estimation models for process modeling. One case study is undertaken to design a model using standard gas furnace data. Neural networks (NN) and genetic programming (GP) are each employed to model the crucial relationships between input factors and output responses. In the case study, two models were generated by using 70% training data and evaluated by using 30% testing data for genetic programming and neural network modeling. The model performance was compared by using RMSE values, which were calculated based on the model outputs. The average RMSE for training and testing were 0.8925 (training) and 0.9951 (testing) for the NN model, and 0.707227 (training) and 0.673150 (testing) for the GP model, respectively. As concern the results, the NN model has a strong advantage in model training (using the all data for training), and the GP model appears to have an advantage in model testing (using the separated data for training and testing). The performance reproducibility of the GP model is good, so this approach appears suitable for modeling physical fabrication processes.

• 한국생물정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물정보시스템생물학회 2003년도 제2차 연례학술대회 발표논문집
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• pp.164-169
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• 2003

In this paper, we propose the integrated Bayesian network framework to reconstruct genetic regulatory networks from genome expression data. The proposed model overcomes the dimensionality problem of multivariate analysis by building coherent sub-networks from confined gene clusters and combining these networks via intermediary points. Gene Shaving algorithm is used to cluster genes that share a common function or co-regulation. Retrieved clusters incorporate prior biological knowledge such as Gene Ontology, pathway, and protein protein interaction information for extracting other related genes. With these extended gene list, system builds genetic sub-networks using Bayesian network with MDL score and Sparse Candidate algorithm. Identifying functional modules of genes is done by not only microarray data itself but also well-proved biological knowledge. This integrated approach can improve there liability of a network in that false relations due to the lack of data can be reduced. Another advantage is the decreased computational complexity by constrained gene sets. To evaluate the proposed system, S. Cerevisiae cell cycle data [1] is applied. The result analysis presents new hypotheses about novel genetic interactions as well as typical relationships known by previous researches [2].

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.79-87
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• 2004

본 연구에서는 인물영상에서 입술영역을 검출하기 위한 확률맵 기반 유전자 알고리즘을 제안한다. 하나의 최적해 탐색에 사용되었던 기존 유전자 알고리즘을 수정하여 입술과 같은 영역 검출에 부합하는 다수의 해를 얻도록 적용한다. 이를 위해 공간좌표를 의미하는 염색체로 각 개체를 표현하고, 보존구간, 세대수에 따른 부분 균일교배, 비중복 선택 등의 유전연산 방법을 도입한다. 또한 HSV 칼라공간에서 HS성분에 대한 확률맵을 제안하고, 이를 적용함으로써 유전자 알고리즘의 속성인 유사 색상에 대한 적응성을 더욱 증대한다. 실험을 통하여 제안 알고리즘의 성능을 좌우하는 주요 파라미터를 분석하였으며, 입술이외의 다른ROI(Region Of Interest)의 검출에도 유연하게 적응할 수 있음을 관찰하였다.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:소프트웨어및응용
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.440-448
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• 2006

자기 조직화 신경망 (SOM: Self-Organizing Map)은 자율 학습 신경망으로 사전 지식이 존재하지 않는 자료에 존재하는 구조적 관계성을 보전하는데 이용된다. 자기 조직화 신경망은 벡터 양자화, 조합 최적화, 패턴 인식과 같은 복잡한 문제 해결을 위한 연구에 많이 이용되어 왔다. 이 논문에서는 좀더 효율적인 유전 알고리즘을 얻기 위한 스키마 변환 도구로서 자기 조직화 신경망을 이용하는 새로운 사용법에 대해서 제안한다. 즉, 각 자식해는 탐색 공간에서 좀더 바람직한 모양을 가지는 동질의 인공 신경망으로 변환된다. 이 변환으로 인해 강한 상위(epistasis)를 가지는 유전자들은 염색체 상에서 서로 인접하게 되는 것이다. 실험 결과는 기존 결과에 비해서 주목할만한 성능 개선이 있음을 보여준다.

• 한국패류학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.63-69
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• 1999

가리비류 4종 - 큰가리비(Patinopecten yessoenensis), 주문진가리비(Chlamys swifti), 비단가리비(Chlamys ferreri ferreri), 해가리비(Amusium japonicum japonicum) -을 한국 5개 지역에서 채집하였고 중국산 비단가리비를 시장에서 구입하여 실험에 사용하였다. 총 7개 동위요소에 대한 starch gel 전기영동을 실시한 결과, 8개 유전자가 관찰되었다. 유전적 유사도는 비단가리비 3집단이 가장 가까운 관계를 보였고, 주문진가리비와 큰가리바가 유전적으로 서로 가까운 그룹으로 분류되었다. 이 그룹과 비단가리비가 0.595의 유사도를 보였으며 해가리비가 나머지 3종과는 유사도가 0.541로 가장 멀었다.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.39-46
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• 2002

Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) is a recently developed PCR-based high resolution fingerprinting method that is able to generate complex banding patterns which can be used to delineate intraspecific genetic relationships among bacteria. In this study, we have modified and evaluated a PCR-based technique, amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis, for use in fingerprinting strains of Staphylococcus aureus. Single-enzyme amplified fragment length polymorphism (SE-AFLP) analysis was used to perform strain identification of Staphylococus aureus. By careful selection of AFLP primers, it was possible to obtain reproducible and sensitive identification to strain level. AFLP fingerprinting of 5 reference strains of Staphylococcus aureus and 65 strains of Staphylococcus aureus that were isolated from food sources of different area and diverse genomic types of Staphylococcus aureus were recognized. As a result of this study, we found that the AFLP patterns of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from Seoul, Taejeon and Gwang-Ju indicated the close relation with genetic similarity. The main purpose of this study was to find an alternative and reliable fingerprinting method to study the overall genetic diversity, using Staphylococcus aureus species as an example, and observed if the method can be successfully applied to all staphylococcal species.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.107-114
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• 1999

Fusarium 균에 속하는 16종 21균주를 대상으로 RAPD-PCR 방법을 이용하여 DNA 다형성을 분석하여 계통 유전학적 유연관계를 검토하였다. 40개의 random primer 로 시험하여 실험한 모든 종에서 다형성을 나타내는 11개의 primer를 선별하였다. RAPD 분석결과 평균 23.9개씩 모두 263개의 크기가 다른 RAPD 밴드들을 조사할 수 있었다. 각 primer에 대해 각각 독특한 DNA 다형성을 나타내었고, 증폭된 DNA 크기는 0.1-3.0 kb 범위에서 형성되었다. 각 균주간의 genetic similarity를 계산하여 유연관계를 dendrogram 으로 나타내었다. Genetic similarity 0.627을 기준으로 하여 크게 4그룹으로 나눌 수 있었다.

• Mycobiology
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.121-125
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• 2013

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) have mutualistic relationships with more than 80% of terrestrial plant species. This symbiotic relationship is ancient and would have had important roles in establishment of plants on land. Despite their abundance and wide range of relationship with plant species, AMF have shown low species diversity. However, molecular studies have suggested that diversity of these fungi may be much higher, and genetic variation of AMF is very high within a species and even within a single spore. Despite low diversity and lack of host specificity, various functions have been associated with plant growth responses to arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal colonization. In addition, different community composition of AMF affects plants differently, and plays a potential role in ecosystem variability and productivity. AMF have high functional diversity because different combinations of host plants and AMF have different effects on the various aspects of symbiosis. Consequently, recent studies have focused on the different functions of AMF according to their genetic resource and their roles in ecosystem functioning. This review summarizes taxonomic, genetic, and functional diversities of AMF and their roles in natural ecosystems.

• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.135-143
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• 2015

Typhula ishikariensis Imai is a causal agent of Typhula snow mold, one of the most important turfgrass diseases in northern regions of the United States. Within Wisconsin isolates, there are three district groups clustered with known isolates of T. ishikariensis var. ishikariensis, var. canadensis and var. idahoensis as identified by RAPD markers. To further investigate the genetic relationship among these groups (varieties), monokaryon-monokaryon and dikaryon-monokaryon mating experiments were conducted. Mating types from var. ishikariensis, var. canadensis and var. idahoensis isolates were paired in all possible combinations. Pairings between var. canadensis and var. idahoensis were highly compatible, while no compatibility was detected between var. ishikariensis and either var. canadensis or var. idahoensis. These results indicate that var. ishikariensis is genetically separated from var. canadensis and var. idahoensis, whereas var. canadensis and var. idahoensis appeared to be genetically related to each other as a taxonomic unit. In the genetic relationship with the known biological species, var. ishikariensis and var. canadensis were genetically related to biological species I and II, respectively. However, var. idahoensis was not compatible with any of the biological species, suggesting that the pathogen may be in the process of biological speciation from var. canadensis.