• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.163-168
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• 2007

Objectives : This study was designed to investigate effects of Sayeoksanhap-Pyeongweisan-Gambang (SPG) on gene expression in rats damaged by CCl4 Methods : We investigated the effects of SPG on gene expression in terms of microarray methods in rat liver which were obtained from rats damaged by CCl4. Results : Decreased gene expressions, which were induced by single injection of CCl4, were restored to those in normal rats by administration of SPG or herbal acupuncture. In acupuncture group, gene expressions were restored by 80% of those in control group. In oral administration group and combination group, gene expressions were restored above 90% of those in cuntrol group. Conclusion : These results suggest that oral administraion of SPG was useful to protect liver against CCl4 by its restoration of gene expressions in liver resected from rat damaged by CCl4.

• Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.771-779
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• 2018

BACKGROUND: Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are multipotent stem cells that can differentiate into several cell types. In addition, many studies have shown that MSCs modulate the immune response. However, little information is currently available regarding the maintenance of immunomodulatory characteristics of MSCs through passages. Therefore, we investigated and compared cytokine and gene expression levels from adipose (AD) and bone marrow (BM)-derived MSCs relevant to immune modulation from early to late passages. METHODS: MSC immunophenotype, growth characteristics, cytokine expressions, and gene expressions were analyzed. RESULTS: AD-MSCs and BM-MSCs had similar cell morphologies and surface marker expressions from passage 4 to passage 10. Cytokines secreted by AD-MSCs and BM-MSCs were similar from early to late passages. AD-MSCs and BM-MSCs showed similar immunomodulatory properties in terms of cytokine secretion levels. However, the gene expressions of tumor necrosis factor-stimulated gene (TSG)-6 and human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-G were decreased and gene expressions of galectin-1 and -3 were increased in both AD- and BM-MSCs with repeated passages. CONCLUSION: Our study showed that the immunophenotype and expression of immunomodulation-related cytokines of AD-MSCs and BM-MSCs immunomodulation through the passages were not significantly different, even though the gene expressions of both MSCs were different.

• Molecular & Cellular Toxicology
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.54-59
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• 2006

The toxicity of cadmium on Caenorhabditis elegans was investigated to identify sensitive biomarkers for environmental monitoring and risk assessment. Stress-related gene expression were estimated as toxic endpoints Cadmium exposure led to an increase in the expression of most of the genes tested. The degree of increase was more significant in heat shock protein-16.1, metallothionein-2, cytochrome p450 family protein 35A2, glutathione S-transferase-4, superoxide dismutase-1, catalase-2, C. elegans p53-like protein-1, and apoptosis enhancer-1 than in other genes. The overall results indicate that the stress-related gene expressions of C. elegans have considerable potential as sensitive biomarkers for cadmium toxicity monitoring and risk assessment.

• BMB Reports
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• v.39 no.6
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• pp.759-765
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• 2006

In this study, we investigate Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) expressions in adriamycin (ADR)-induced cadiomyopathy in rats. Sixty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into two main groups: control and ADR groups. Myocardial histopathological observation was performed; Expressions of 3 isoforms of NOS genes were examined by RT-PCR analysis; Expressions of 3 isoforms of NOS protein was assessed by Western blot analysis. Myocardium exhibited intensive morphological changes after 8 weeks of ADR treatment. The expression levels of inducible NOS (iNOS) gene and protein were significantly increased in ADR-treated rats after 8 weeks of treatment and then slightly increased at weeks 9 and 10. No significantly difference of neuronal NOS (nNOS) or endothelial NOS (eNOS) gene and protein were observed in the myocardium obtained from the control rats and ADR-injected rats at any time point. iNOS gene expression is selectively induced by ADR in heart. The upregulation of iNOS gene and protein may be somehow correlated with morphological changes seen in heart of rat treated with ADR.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.1-12
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• 2007

Objectives : Aconitine is one of the toxic components of aconitum species. This study was carried out to evaluate gene expressions of herbal prescriptions containg aconitum species and oriental medicinal plants of aconitum species. Methods : We have measured gene expressions in the liver of aconitine, Aconitum carmichaeli DEBX., Aconitum ciliare DC. Yong Ho Whan using Sprague-Dawley rat. Gene expression in rat liver has been analyzed using codelink 10k microarray. Results : 1. Genes up-regulated over than 4 fold were 118 and down-regulated less than 4 fold were 91 in aconitine 50 ${\mu}g/kg/day$ over control. 2. Genes up-regulated of over than 4 fold were 124 and down-regulated less than 4 fold were 98 in Aconitum ciliare DC. 4g/kg/day and 169 of over than 4 fold, and 110 of less than 4 fold for Aconitum carmichaeli DEBX. 4g/kg/day, respectively. 3. Regulated genes in treatment group of Aconitum carmichaeli DEBX, Aconitum ciliare DC. and aconitine was only 2 different genes, Sulfotransferase family 4A, member 1 and Lin-7 homolog b (C. elegans). Conclusions : Gene expression profiles in liver were different among aconitine, Aconitum carmichaeli DEBX., Aconitum ciliare DC. and herbal prescription YongHo-whan. Furthermore, we can find many new genes related with effects of aconitum species.

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.289-294
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• 2012

Gene expressions of cytochrome P4501A (CYP1A), aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and vitellogenin (Vg) by endocrine disruptors, benzo[${\alpha}$]pyrene (B[a]P) and tributyltin (TBT) were examined in cultured eel hepatocytes which were isolated from eels treated previously with B[a]P (10 mg/kg) or estradiol-$17{\beta}$ (20 mg/kg) in vivo, and the relationship between CYP1A, AhR and Vg genes were studied. When the cultured eel hepatocytes were treated with B[a]P ($10^{-6}-10^{-5}M$) the gene expressions of CYP1A and AhR were enhanced in a concentration-dependent manner. However, when treated with TBT ($10^{-9}-10^{-5}M$) the gene expressions of CYP1A and AhR were suppressed at high concentrations ($10^{-6}-10^{-5}M$), while having no effects at low concentrations ($10^{-9}-10^{-7}M$). Gene expression of Vg was also suppressed by TBT in a concentration-dependent manner in cultured eel hepatocytes which was previously treated in vivo with estradiol-$17{\beta}$.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.48 no.5
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• pp.481-493
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• 2024

Background: Post-weaning social isolation (SI) reduces sociability, gene expressions including myelin genes in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), and alters microbiome compositions in rodent models. Korean Red Ginseng (KRG) and its major ginsenoside Rb1 have been reported to affect myelin formation and gut metabolites. However, their effects under post-weaning SI have not been investigated. This study investigated the effects of KRG and Rb1 on sociability, gene expressions in the mPFC, and gut metabolites under post-weaning SI. Methods: C57BL/6J mice were administered with water or KRG (150, 400 mg/kg) or Rb1 (0.1 mg/kg) under SI or regular environment (RE) for 2 weeks during the post-weaning period (P21-P35). After this period, mice underwent a sociability test, and then brains and ceca were collected for qPCR/immunohistochemistry and nontargeted metabolomics, respectively. Results: SI reduced sociability compared to RE; however, KRG (400 mg/kg) and Rb1 significantly restored sociability under SI. In the mPFC, expressions of genes related to myelin, neurotransmitter, and oxidative stress were significantly reduced in mice under SI compared to RE conditions. Under SI, KRG and Rb1 recovered the altered expressions of several genes in the mPFC. In gut metabolomics, 313 metabolites were identified as significant among 3027 detected metabolites. Among the significantly changed metabolites in SI, some were recovered by KRG or Rb1, including metabolites related to stress axis, inflammation, and DNA damage. Conclusion: Altered sociability, gene expression levels in the mPFC, and gut metabolites induced by two weeks of post-weaning SI were at least partially recovered by KRG and Rb1.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.109-116
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• 2004

For the safety evaluation of adenovirus-mediated gene transfer, we investigated differential gene expressions after transfecting adenoviral vector containing p16 tumor suppressor gene (Ad5CMV-p16) into human non-small cell lung cancer cells. In the previous study, we showed adenovirus-mediated $p16^{INK4a}$ gene transfer resulted in significant inhibition of cancer cell growth. We investigated gene expression changes after transfecting Ad5CMV-p16, Ad5CMV (null type, a mock vector) into A549 cells by using cDNA chip and oligonucleotide microarray chip (1200 genes) which carries genes related with signal transduction pathways, cell cycle regulations, oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. We found that $p16^{INK4a}$ gene transfer down regulated 5 genes (cdc2, cyclin D3, cyclin B, cyclin E, cdk2) among 26 genes involved in cell cycle regulations. Compared with serum-free medium treated cells, Ad5CMV-p16 changed 27 gene expressions, two fold or more on oligonucleotide chip. In addition, Ad5CMV-p16 did not seem to increase the tumorigenicity-related gene expression in A549 cells. Further studies will be needed to investigate the effect of Ad5CMV-p16 on normal human cells and tissues for safety evaluation.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.450-455
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• 2021

Korean Red Ginseng (KRG) is an herbal oriental medicine known to alleviate cardiovascular dysfunction. To analysis the expression of diabetic cardiac complication-associated genes in db/db mice, we studied the cardiac gene expression following KRG treatment. In result, a total of 585 genes were found to be changed in db/db mice. Among the changed expression, 245 genes were found to 2-fold upregulated, and 340 genes were 2-fold downregulated. In addition, the changed gene expressions were ameliorated by KRG. In conclusion, KRG may be possible to normalize cardiac gene expressions in db/db mice.

• Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.169-173
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• 1995

Border cells are differentiated cells which originate from meristematic cells in The root cap. Experimentally border cells can be released from the root cap by a physical treatment, for example dipping the root tip in the waters After 20-25 hours of release, the new border cell layer forms in the root cap. During the border cell differentiation, new gene expressions were observed in the root cap of pea which was determined by mRNA differential display These new gene expressions may be involved in the border cell differentiation Border cells had unique gene expressions which were determined by mRNA differential display, This suggests that border cells are differentiated cells which are different from the other tissues (ie., leaves, stems, roots or root caps).