• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.293-301
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• 2023

Objectives: This study aimed to examine the effect of eating habits and dietary attitudes on dessert consumption among university students in Gwangju Province, South Korea. Methods: A survey was conducted from May to June 2022. Out of 300 distributed questionnaires, 261 valid responses were included in the analysis. The survey assessed dessert selection, satisfaction, consumer attitudes and behaviors, as well as factors influencing satisfaction. Results: Both genders reported purchasing desserts 2 to 3 times per week, primarily after lunch, due to the convenience of dessert accessibility. Males favored ice cream, bakery items, and fruits, while females preferred bakery items, ice cream, and fruits in that sequence. 'Having fun' was identified as the most common motivation for dessert consumption post-meal. Notable gender disparities emerged regarding perceptions of dessert consumption, including its role in stress relief, potential for nutritional imbalance, positive effects, and preferences for seasonal menus. Significant gender-based differences also manifested in intentions to purchase dessert, responsiveness to price changes, and inclination to recommend desserts to others. Conclusions: This study offers foundational data on university students' dessert purchasing behaviors, perceptions, and satisfaction levels, intending to inform strategies promoting healthier dietary habits.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.53-69
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• 2018

In recent years, digital media providing entertainment and information have become an important channel of customer experience. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of digital signage's characteristics on flow and brand attitudes and to verify the mediating role of pleasure in digital signage and flow. The stimuli were developed for a sports brand stores using 3D and video editing software. The survey was conducted on 544 subjects from both gender aged 20 to 49 years old, i.e. the population that constitutes the major target group for sports brands. The data collected was analyzed using IBM SPSS 24.0. Specifically, frequency analysis, factor analysis, reliability analysis, t-test, and regression analysis were performed on the data. Based on the results, we can draw the following conclusions; First, the dimension of digital signage was classified into aesthetic and functional attributes. Additionally, we found out that women highly value aesthetic attributes of digital signage while the customers in their 40s pay more attention to functional attributes than their counterparts aged 20-30 years. Second, our results suggest that pleasure has a mediating effect in the relationship between digital signage attributes and flow; specifically, both sub-dimensions of digital signage features (aesthetic attributes and functional attributes) affect flow by means of pleasure. Third, our results demonstrated that the flow of digital signage had a significant impact on brand attitudes.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.286-294
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• 1996

In this study, the image of scientists and the self-image in terms of stereotypical masculine and feminine characteristics were investigated for 562 primary and secondary school students. The perceived differences between the image of scientists and the self-image were quantified and compared across grade levels and gender. Their relationships with science-related attitudes were also studied. The results indicated that students hold more masculine characteristics in the image of scientists and more feminine characteristics in the self-image. The perceived differences between the image of scientists and the self-image were greater for female students than male students. Female students also had more negative attitudes than male students on Career Interest in Science and Enjoyment of Science Lesson of the Test of Science-Related Attitudes. It was found that the differences between the perceived images were negatively correlated with science-related attitudes. Although the relationships were found to be statistically significant, the magnitudes were relatively small. Educational implications are discussed.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.155-177
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• 2011

This study set out to investigate the effect of internet environment and gender on online sexual violence. The final sample size was 436 college students in Gwangju city, South Korea. Hierarchical regression analysis was used for analysis. The major findings of this study are as follows. First, more frequent usage of internet influenced directly increase of online sexual violence, and influenced also indirectly through favorable attitudes to deviance. Third, gender did not influence online sexual violence directly, but influenced indirectly. Male students' more favorable attitude to deviance affected more frequent online sexual violence. These results suggest that internet environment play a role in facilitating online sexual violence through normalizing or justifying online sexual deviance. And gender also affect online sexual violence indirectly through male students' more favorable attitudes to deviance rather than female. And limitations and implications of this study were discussed with respect to further studies.

• Journal of Practical Engineering Education
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.409-417
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• 2023

The objective of this paper is to analyze the disparities in perceptions regarding gender-related matters among students at K University, determined by their gender, and to propose solutions within the university education system. The results of the study are as follows. First, many men believe that there is no structural discrimination against women and that men are discriminated against, whereas women show the opposite. Second, men and women show statistically significant differences in perception of women's level of effort, reasons for low income, and work ability after employment. Third, men show unfavorable attitudes towards feminism compared to women. Fourth, the reasons men show hostile attitudes toward the female quota system and feminism include the influence of the traditional gender role model imposed on men and the difference in men's and women's views on structural inequality. To reduce the perception gap between men and women, it is necessary to reconsider hegemonic masculinity, apply issue-centered education using accurate information, publicize issues by preparing a mistake-friendly space, and respond to the perception gap at the university level from the perspective of citizenship education.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.64-71
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• 2014

This study empirically compares the influence of sex-appeal fashion Point-of-Purchase (POP) types on attitude towards advertising. It also highlights the moderating roles of gender and the level of sensation seeking. Three sex-appeal fashion POP types (nude/semi-nude/body conscious) were developed for this study and the interaction effect of the types of sex-appeal fashion POP advertising and gender was tested. In addition, interaction effect of the types of sex-appeal fashion POP advertising and the level of sensation seeking (high/low) was tested. The results found that gender influenced consumer attitudes toward sex-appeal fashion POP advertising type. Male consumers showed a more favorable attitude toward advertising for the nude type than others; however, female consumers showed a more favorable attitude toward advertising for semi-nude and body conscious type than the nude type. The results also found a significant two-way interaction effect of sexual POP advertising types and sensation seeking on attitude toward POP advertising. High sensation seekers preferred nude and semi-nude type POP advertising to body conscious POP advertising. It is useful to investigate how various marketing factors support attitude toward POP advertising in the context of sexual fashion POP advertising and which factors exert the strongest influence within different degrees of nudity.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.652-665
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• 2009

Purpose: This study was conducted to identify job experiences of male hospital nurses. Methods: Data were collected from 20 male nurses working at general hospitals, through semi-structured in-depth interviews. The interviews were recorded and subsequently transcribed verbatim. Using content analysis, data were coded and categorized. Results: The analyzed domains were motivations for choosing nursing, occupational experiences (3 subdomains), and attitudes toward the future. A total of 85 significant statements were selected from the data and classified into 32 categories. The nurses' motivations for choosing nursing were advantages of employment, their aptitude, scarcity value of men, professionalism and job security, good promotion, stable income, and family influence. In occupational experiences, they were assigned to special fields and dissatisfied with vertical relationship, promotion system, their salary, and gaps in military service time; they had difficulties in adapting to female-dominated groups and encountered gender role stereotype and preconception; they were satisfied with their distinguished performance, but had damaged self-esteem, and were stressed and disappointed in their work. In their attitudes toward the future, they considered their career changes, but tried to make professional and personal advancement. Conclusion: These findings have implications for recruiting and retaining male nurses in clinical settings.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.16 no.7
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• pp.17-24
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• 2018

Purpose - This study focuses on the quality of nonverbal communication by the flight attendants at the airline, and the factors that contribute to improve customer behavior, thereby providing positive implications for corporate management. Research, design, data, and methodology - For the empirical analysis of this study, reliability analysis and frequency analysis were conducted. T-test and ANOVA analyses were performed. In addition, the effects of nonverbal communication have on customer behavior have regressed analysis. The collected data was empirical suing the SPSS Win 18.0. Results - Among the non-verbal communication qualities were found to significantly influence customer attitudes, and demographic differences in airline flight attendants were also shown to influence their perceptions. Empirical analysis revealed significant differences in demographic characteristics between gender, age and airlines used. Conclusions - All of the non-verbal communication's attributes were found to significantly impact customer attitude. It is used to train the importance of nonverbal communication quality for the role of cabin crew members and to enhance the loyalty of the customers to Airline. This study identifies the relationship between the impact of non-verbal communication quality on customer attitudes and implies the importance of non-verbal communication quality for airline flight attendants. Also, this study suggests that there is a close mechanism between the nonverbal communication and the customer attitudes to airlines.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.377-398
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to examine the differences in men's thinking and attitude on prostitution and gender based on the previous experience of buying sex. It was an exploratory survey for planning future studies and movements for changing a way of thinking in relation to prostitution. A total of 1328 male adults(above 19 years) completed a questionnaire consisting of general thinking of buying sex, tolerance limit of sexual behavior, and sex role egalitarianism. The respondents answered differently in the probability of paying for sex in future and the way how to get a sex information according to the previous experience of buying sex. Those respondents who had paid for sex, had higher scores on three types of sex attitude measures than those who did not. The previous experience of buying sex was significantly correlated with sub-factors of buying sex, tolerance limit of sexual behavior, and sex role egalitarianism except for the sub-factor on recognizing a sex worker as a victim (factor 4 of buying sex). These results suggest that men who had paid for sex had more traditional gender-stereotypes and attitudes. Implications and limitations of this study were discussed in a feminist perspective.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.5-17
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• 2003

Purpose : The purpose of this study was 1) to classify university student's attitudes toward sex, 2) to confirm the effects of sexuality course on sex-role stereotypes and sexual attitude in university student s. Method : The subjects in this study were 212 K university students in Kangwon Province between 3/7/2001 $\sim$ 6/13/2001. The instruments used for this study were the general characteristics, sexual attitude and sex-role stereotypes. The data was analyzed by frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, paired t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients, Factor analysis and Cronbach's $\alpha$ using the SPSS program. Result : 1. University students' attitude toward sex are divided into three types. Type I are called open mined : 16, 33, 28, 10, 18, 2, 30, 25, 26, 27, 22, 19, 29, 21, 9, 5 items. Type II are supporters of virginal purity : 8, 6, 31, 17, 14, 33 items. Type III express love through sexual intercourse : 20, 24, 7, 3, 15, 32 items. 2. There was a significant difference in the appearance and occupational characteristics of sex-role stereotypes before and after the sexuality course (t=2.562, p<.05). 3. In Type III, there was a significant difference in sexual attitude before and after the sexuality course (t=3.576, p<.0001). 4. The data showed the relationships between type III of sexual attitude and sex-role stereotypes (r=-.3 15, p<.0001). 5. Sex-role stereotypes according to the demographic characteristics before sexuality course were significantly different by age, gender, experience of military service, experience of sex edu cat ion an d experience of sexual intercourse. Sex-role stereotypes according to the demographic characteristics after sexuality course were significantly different by gender and experience of sexual intercourse. 6. Sexual attitude according to the demographic characteristics before sexuality course were significantly different by maj or (type I), age, grade, experience of military service and experience of sexual intercourse (type II), age, grade, gender, experience of military service, experience of sex education and experience of sexual intercourse. Sexual attitude according to the demographic characteristics after sexuality course were significantly different by religion and major(type I), age and grade(type II), age, grade, gender, religion and experience of sexual intercourse. Conclusion : This study showed that a sexuality course was effect ive in changing the sex-role stereotypes and sexual attitude of university students.