• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• v.37 no.7
• /
• pp.1202-1211
• /
• 2007

Purpose: This study was done to investigate cybersex addiction, gender egalitarianism, sexual attitude and the allowance of sexual violence in adolescents, and to identify the relationships among these variables. Method: The participants were 690 students from two middle schools and three high schools in Seoul. Data was collected through self-report questionnaires which included a cybersex addiction index, a Korean gender egalitarianism scale for adolescents, a sexual attitude scale and a scale for the allowance of sexual violence. The data was analyzed using the SPSS program. Results: Of the adolescents, 93.3% reported not being addicted to cybersex, 5.7% reported being mildly addicted, 0.4% moderately addicted, and 0.6% severely addicted. Cybersex addiction, gender egalitarianism, sexual attitude and the allowance of sexual violence in adolescents were different according to general characteristics. Cybersex addiction of adolescents correlated with gender egalitarianism, sexual attitude and the allowance of sexual violence. Conclusion: Gender egalitarianism, sexual attitude and the allowance of sexual violence in adolescents were influenced by cybersex addiction. Therefore, nursing interventions for prevention and management of cybersex addiction need to be developed and provided to adolescents. In addition, varied programs for teaching sexuality to adolescents should be developed and provided.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
• /
• v.33 no.4
• /
• pp.67-82
• /
• 2015

The study examined whether informal and formal social participations may mediate the association between widowhood and depressive symptoms, and whether gender may moderate the mediated associations. The data consisted of men and women 65+ who participated in the $3^{rd}$ wave of the Koran Longitudinal Study of Aging (KLoSA ; N = 4,146). Findings suggest that first, widowed older adults experienced significantly higer levels of depressive symptoms compared to their married counterparts. At the same time, the widowed individuals also reported more frequent contacts with family, friends, and neighbors (informal social participation), which contributed to narrowing the depression gap between widowed and married. Second, gender moderated the mediated association such that the mediating effect of informal social participation was significant only for older widowed women. Further, no mediating effect was found of formal social participation (participation in social, leisure, religious groups) for widowed and married regardless of gender. Previous studies indicated that social participation may be an important mediating factor that attenuates the effect of widowhood on depressive symptoms. Building on existing research, the present study highlighted theoretical rationales for potential gender differences in the way social participation may mediate the widowhood-depression linkage and evaluated statistically whether gender may moderate the mediated association.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
• /
• v.39 no.12
• /
• pp.271-284
• /
• 2001

The purpose of this study was to find out the relationship of attitudes of parents and their unmarried adult child concerning the family value orientation. In addition to this study examined the relationship to child's family value orientation and related variables. The major findings 1) Gender, mother's value of marriage, religion were influential factors on the child's value of marriage.2) Gender and mother's value of sex role were influential factors on the child's value of sex role. 3) Child's gender was only influential factor on child's value of child. 4) Gender, mother's value of filial piety, father's value of filial piety were significant factors which have some effects on child's attitudes toward value of final piety. 5) Gender, mother's value of familism, religion were significant factors which have some effects on child's attitudes toward value of familism. 6) Gender, mother's family value orientation, father's family value orientation were influential factors on child's family value oreintation. In conclusion, this study found that child's gender was the most influential factor on child's family value orientations. And mother's family value orientations had strong effects on children's family value orientations.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
• /
• v.10 no.4
• /
• pp.179-193
• /
• 2006

Gender equality has been expected to realize fully in the process of globalization. According to neo-liberal, which views globalization as a rational development, irrational discrimination by culture will disappear. But some feminists criticize globalization as a patriarchal phenomenon. So in this paper, the extent to which women in Korea have achieved equality with men in the workforce is assessed through an examination of the gender gap during 1993-2003. As the result, it was found that women had still lower status than men in spite of laws established to promote gender equality. Then to explore the direction for eliminating the patriarchal gaps, women in traditional Korea were reviewed. Traditionally women were oppressed by the practice of Naeoe differentiating between women and men. But on the other hand it made women to have equal status with men by maintaining their own productive area. So it was suggested that differentiation should be considered as a source of power to be adopted into women's activitism such as NGOs or international women' movement to achieve full equality in inequitable globalization.

• Women's Health Nursing
• /
• v.11 no.4
• /
• pp.296-306
• /
• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the attitudes and behavior toward prostitution and gender equality in male university students. Method: The subjects were 339 male university students in G province. The data were gathered from August 29 to September 23, 2005. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, and Pearson's product-moment correlation coefficient using SPSS/Win 10.0 program. Results: About twenty-eight percent of the subjects had experiences with prostitutes. The mean score of the attitude toward prostitution was 2.88$\pm$.39. The mean scores of the attitude and behavior toward gender equality were 1.90$\pm$.44, 2.73$\pm$.31, respectively. There was a significant difference in the attitude toward prostitution between subjects with experiences and without experiences with a prostitute. Also, there was a significant difference in the attitude and behavior toward gender equality between subjects with experiences and without experiences in prostitution. Conclusions: This study showed that the attitude toward prostitution was strongly related to the attitude and behavior toward gender equality. Realistic and future-directed gender equality programs should be developed for the target population.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
• /
• v.10 no.2
• /
• pp.263-276
• /
• 1992

The middle aged woman today have met discord of unbalance in gender role identity due to change in cultual situation and view of value of our country since 1960. Under the promise that there is a relationship between depression which is a psychological characteristic and gender role traits of middle aged woman, and in consideration that the depression of middle-aged woman may be differentiated depend upon the expressive manner of gender role, this research was trying to find out the relationship between the gender role traits and the depression of middle aged women. The purpose of his research is to provide data to be helpful for marital hygirne of middle-aged women by presenting a plan to reduce depression of middle-aged woman by the desirable gender role. In order for such studying purpose, the gender role, physical symptom and socio-demographic feature were researched using the scale which was by this researcher. The questionnaire sheets of 327 use form middle-aged woman of 39 years to 59 years old in full with their last child is 10 years or order. The summerized results of study are as follows. In consolidation of the foregoing it have known that the socio-economic position and recognition of physical symptom and the masculinity feature has shown less depression as she feels less physical symptom due to there is relationship between recondition of physical symptom and he masculity feature, and also, it has known that the depression of middle-aged women may be reduced when such extroversive and expressional gender role features are developed as 'aggressiveness and ' fraternity, and the depression may be prompted due to such introvert and easy to be impacted by grudge as 'impression'

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
• /
• v.41 no.1
• /
• pp.213-229
• /
• 2003

The purpose of this study is to examine the heath status and health behavior of middle-aged Korean men and women. Even though there has been increased concern about extremely high mortality rate of Korean middle-aged men and mental health problems of middle aged women, there is a dearth of empirical studies which examine the health status and health behavior of middle-aged men and women in Korea. This study attempts to fill these gaps. Data gathered from 1,667 men and women aged between 30-59 are analyzed to examine the level of physical health, mental health, perceived health and health behavior and to explore the gender and age group differences in these aspects. The results show that there exist gender difference and age group difference in health status: Women are less healthy than men and as age increased health status declined. Women at their 50s are least healthy and most unhappy suggesting age and gender interaction in health status. There exist a gender difference in health behavior: Men have regular check-ups more frequently than women and exercise more. These results are discussed in terms of the gender differences in the experiences, social roles and life styles over the life course.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
• /
• v.28 no.1
• /
• pp.58-73
• /
• 2020

Sleep is an essential physiological process, especially for proper brain function through the formation of new pathways and processing information and cognition. Therefore, when sleep is insufficient, this can result in pathophysiologic conditions. Sleep deficiency is a risk factor for various conditions, including dementia, diabetes, and obesity. Recent studies have shown that there are differences in the prevalence of sleep disorders between genders. Insomnia, the most common type of sleep disorder, has been reported to have a higher incidence in females than in males. However, sex/gender differences in other sleep disorder subtypes are not thoroughly understood. Currently, increasing evidence suggests that gender issues should be considered important when prescribing medicine. Therefore, an investigation of the gender-dependent differences in sleep disorders is required. In this review, we first describe sex/gender differences not only in the prevalence of sleep disorders by category but in the efficacy of sleep medications. In addition, we summarize sex/gender differences in the impact of sleep disorders on incident dementia. This may help understand gender-dependent pathogenesis of sleep disorders and develop therapeutic strategies in men and women.

• Women's Health Nursing
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.80-91
• /
• 2003

Purpose : This study is to define the structural patterns of gender roles of women as perceived by co-eds. Method : Q-methodology was used on 174 statements collected through interviews with women aged between 20 an d 50. 38 Q-samples were selected from 330 Q-population. The Q-samples were administered to 29 co-eds. Result : Analysis of Q-type obtained by QUANAL program revealed three types of subjectivity in the perception of gender roles. Type 1, role is characterized by the tendency to play down the female gender role and think that women's body is an essential factor in forming the female gender role. Type 2, rejects motherhood image obedience and chastity dictated by male chauvinism. Type 3, shows a tendency to believeth at female gender cannot be separated from maternity and that women's basic role is housekeeping. The three types were common in believing in self-development and equal rights through economical in dependence.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
• /
• v.24 no.1
• /
• pp.179-186
• /
• 2019

The purpose of this study is to investigate the drinking culture and attitude difference by gender and grade of Korean college students. A questionnaire was conducted to analyze the characteristics and meaningful differences by two variables about drinking pattern, culture and related policies. The analysis showed that regardless of gender, far more students were against than in favor of prohibition on drinking within campus, whose legislation recently failed. Meanwhile, there was a significant difference by grade in victimization experience regarding drinking within the campus, and by gender in frequency, beverage type, volume, onset of drinking within school. There was no statistically significant gender-based difference in response to experience of damage caused by drinking, but the research results of the related papers show that the female students are more dangerous and need special attention and care. Universities should implement a professional counseling program that is customized according to gender or level of education, and managed by group. Moreover, health authorities must seek a way to lead this move, such as providing incentives to the universities, which efficiently deal with students' drinking problem. And the prohibition on drinking within campus, whose legislation recently failed should be reconsidered.