• 한국축산식품학회지
• /
• 제32권5호
• /
• pp.584-590
• /
• 2012

This study evaluated the effects of carnosine supplementation on carnosine concentration in muscles and blood biochemical indices of rats. Thirty-two eight-week-old Sprague-Dawley male rats were randomly divided into a control group (CON) as well as three carnosine-treated groups. The carnosine-treated groups included groups fed diets composed of 0.01% carnosine (LC), 0.1% carnosine (MC), and 1.0% carnosine (HC). Body weight gain, food intake, feed efficacy rate, protein efficacy rate, and organ weights were not significantly different among the groups. In all groups, the mean carnosine levels in gastrocnemius muscles were higher than the mean carnosine levels in soleus muscles. Carnosine concentrations in soleus muscles and gastrocnemius muscles were significantly higher in the HC group compared to all other groups (p<0.05). Serum triglyceride and LDL-cholesterol concentrations in all of the carnosine-supplemented groups were significantly lower than those of the control group (p<0.05), while HDL-cholesterol levels were significantly higher than those of the control group (p<0.05). Aspartate aminotransferase levels in rats supplemented with carnosine were significantly higher than those of the control group. In conclusion, diets supplemented with high levels of carnosine can increase carnosine concentrations in skeletal muscles, which might contribute to increased exercise capacity. Furthermore, these findings suggest that high levels of dietary carnosine improve the lipid profile of rats by lowering blood LDL-cholesterol and increasing HDL-cholesterol levels.

• 대한통합의학회지
• /
• 제4권2호
• /
• pp.53-65
• /
• 2016

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and analyse the change on muscular strength and exercise performance ability of university students participating in leisure sports by elastic-band exercise program. Method : The subjects(N=22) participating in leisure sports are recruited from K university located in Chungbuk. The subjects which are divided to 2 groups as experimental group(N=11) conducted elastic-band exercise program and control group(N=11) conducted stretching program. The muscular strength and exercise performance ability were measured before and after intervention. Result : There were no significant differences(p>.05) in sex, age, height, and weight among subjects. In the measurement of muscular strength, a significant difference(p<.05) was observed in each group, and there was also significant difference(p<.05) between two groups except gastrocnemius(p>.05). A significant difference(p<.05) in muscular volume was observed in each group, and there was also significant difference(p<.05) between two groups apart from gastrocnemius(p>.05). In exercise performance ability, there was significant difference(p<.05) in sergent jump and side-step in each group, and there was a significant difference(p<.05) between two groups in sergent jump, but there was no significant difference(p>0.5) in side-step. Conclusion : Based on this study, through a variety of age and various intervention period to apply more subjects conducting elastic-band exercise program should continue.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
• /
• 제39권4호
• /
• pp.507-516
• /
• 2022

본 연구의 목적은 좌우 방향의 회전 후 직립자세 시 압력중심과 근전도 분석을 토대로 회전선호도가 신체 안정성에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 연구의 대상은 오른쪽 손과 발의 편측선호도가 높은 대상자 16명으로 3가지 회전방향 조건(QS: 직립자세, LT: 왼쪽 10바퀴, RT: 오른쪽 10바퀴)을 수행하였다. 회전 후 직립자세 시 안정성을 평가하기 위하여 압력측정판과 근전도를 이용하여 결과를 도출하여 분석하였다. 연구결과로 모든 압력중심 변인은 QS보다 LT, RT가 크게 나타났지만, 회전방향에 따른 차이는 보이지 않았다. 근전도 결과는 좌우 비복근에서 회전방향에 따라 RT가 QS보다 근활성도가 크게 발생되었다. 결론적으로 대상자가 모두 오른쪽 측면선호도가 높았지만 압력중심에서는 회전선호도의 영향이 없었고, 비복근에서는 회전선호도의 영향이 나타났다.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
• /
• 제18권6호
• /
• pp.1-11
• /
• 2006

연구목적: 이 연구는 피부표면 냉각이 생체내의 건구조 점탄성 특성에 미치는 영향을 비교하였다. 방법: 7명의 남성 실험 대상자는 족저굴곡 운동을 10회$\times$10set, 60초 간격으로 최대 수의적 수축을 6초간 각각 실시하였다. 각 측정 전후에 내측 비복근(MG)의 건과 건막의 신장은 초음파 검사법에 의하여 직접 측정되었다(건 장력과 건 신장의 관계로 평가 되었다). 건 횡단면적과 족 관절 모멘트 암은 자기공명영상법(MRI)으로부터 얻어졌다. 건 장력은 관절 모멘트와 건 모멘트 암으로 계산되었다. 또한 스트레스는 횡단면적영역(CSA)을 힘으로 나눔으로써 얻어졌다. 스트레인은 건의 길이로 표준화된 치환으로부터 측정되었다. 결과: 냉각 후에 건 장력은, 비냉각 보다 냉각한 측이 유의하게 높았다. 스티프네스는 비냉각 조건 보다 냉각 조건하에서 높은 유의수준을 나타냈다. 최대의 스트레인과 스트레스는 냉각조건하에서 $7.4{\pm}0.7$와 $36.4{\pm}1.8$ MPa을 나타냈고, 비냉각 조건하가 $7.8{\pm}8.5$ 와 $31.8{\pm}1.1$ MPa (p<0.05)을 나타냈다. 결론: 이 연구의 결과는 피부표면 냉각으로 인해 인간의 근지구력이 건 스티프네스와 탄성률을 증가시키는 것을 시사하는 연구라 하겠다. 피부 표면 냉각으로 인한 근지구력의 개선이 근과 건에 직접적인 영향을 미침을 나타내주고 있다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
• /
• 제54권2호
• /
• pp.163-171
• /
• 2016

As most infections by the helminth parasite elicit the recruitment of $CD4^+CD25^+Foxp3^+$ T ($T_{reg}$) cells, many scientists have suggested that these cells could be used for the treatment of immune-mediated inflammation and associated diseases. In order to investigate the distribution and alteration of activated $T_{reg}$ cells, we compared the expression levels of $T_{reg}$ cell activation markers in the ileum and gastrocnemius tissues 1, 2, and 4 weeks after infection. The number of $T_{reg}$ cells was monitored using GFP-coded Foxp3 transgenic mice. In mice at 1 week after Trichinella spiralis infection, the number of activated $T_{reg}$ cells was higher than in the control group. In mice at 2 weeks after infection, there was a significant increase in the number of cells expressing Foxp3 and CTLA-4 when compared to the control group and mice at 1 week after infection. At 4 weeks after infection, T. spiralis was easily identifiable in nurse cells in mouse muscles. In the intestine, the expression of Gzmb and Klrg1 decreased over time and that of Capg remained unchanged for the first and second week, then decreased in the 4th week. However, in the muscles, the expression of most chemokine genes was increased due to T. spiralis infection, in particular the expression levels of Gzmb, OX40, and CTLA-4 increased until week 4. In addition, increased gene expression of all chemokine receptors in muscle, CXCR3, CCR4, CCR5, CCR9, and CCR10, was observed up until the 4th week. In conclusion, various chemokine receptors showed increased expressions combined with recruitment of $T_{reg}$ cells in the muscle tissue.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
• /
• 제27권2호
• /
• pp.126-132
• /
• 2020

Background: Augmented somatosensory feedback stimulates the mechanoreceptor to deliver information on bodily position, improving the postural control. The various types of such feedback include ankle-foot orthoses (AFOs) and vibration. The optimal feedback to mitigate postural sway remains unclear, as does the effect of augmented somatosensory feedback on muscle co-contraction. Objects: We compared postural sway and ankle muscle co-contraction without feedback (control) and with either of two forms of somatosensory feedback (AFOs and vibration). Methods: We recruited 15 healthy subjects and tested them under three feedback conditions (control, AFOs, vibration) with two sensory conditions (eyes open, or eyes closed and the head tilted back), in random order. Postural sway was measured using a force platform; the mean sway area of the 95% confidence ellipse (AREA) and the mean velocity of the center-of-pressure displacement (VEL) were assessed. Co-contraction of the tibialis anterior and gastrocnemius muscles was measured using electromyography and converted into a co-contraction index (CI). Results: We found significant main effects of the three feedback states on postural sway (AREA, VEL) and the CI. The two sensory conditions exerted significant main effects on postural sway (AREA and VEL). AFOs reduced postural sway to a level significantly lower than that of the control (p = 0.014, p < 0.001) or that afforded by vibration (p = 0.024, p < 0.001). In terms of CI amelioration, the AFOs condition was significantly better than the control (p = 0.004). Vibration did not significantly improve either postural sway or the CI compared to the control condition. There was no significant interaction effect between the three feedback conditions and the two sensory conditions. Conclusion: Lower-extremity devices such as AFOs enhance somatosensory perception, improving postural control and decreasing the CI during static standing.

• 한국운동역학회지
• /
• 제18권1호
• /
• pp.63-72
• /
• 2008

본 연구는 운동유형별 운동 전후 뇌졸중 환자의 보행시 하지근육 활성도의 차이를 비교 분석하여 임상에서 기능적 수행능력의 개선을 위한 효과적인 근력강화 방법을 제시하는데 그 목적이 있다. 이를 위하여 운동치료군, 탄성밴드군 및 신장반사군으로 구분하여 각각 7명씩 총 21명을 대상으로 하였고, 운동프로그램은 8주 동안 주 5회 실시하였다. 1차 단하지 지지기에서 장요근 및 대퇴이두근의 %MVIC는 신장반사군이 운동치료군과 탄성밴드군보다 높은 수준을 보였고, 반면 전경골근의 %MVIC는 탄성밴드군이 운동치료군보다 낮은 수준을 보였다. 2차 양하지 지지기에서 장요근의 %MVIC는 신장반사군이 운동치료군과 탄성밴드군보다 높은 수준을 보였고, 반면 내측 비복근의 %MVIC는 신장반사군이 운동치료군보다 낮은 수준을 보였다. 결론적으로 신장반사 운동은 운동치료와 탄성밴드를 이용한 근력강화 운동 보다 고관절의 안정성 및 하지 분절의 운동성을 제공하는 주요 근육의 활성도에 효과적인 영향을 미침으로써 임상에서 근 약화로 인한 운동 기능이 제한된 편마비 환자에게 실용적으로 접근할 수 있는 운동방법이라고 판단된다.

• 한국운동역학회지
• /
• 제22권3호
• /
• pp.357-363
• /
• 2012

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of different saddle heights on lower-limb joint angle and muscle activity. Six elite cyclists(age: $32.2{\pm}5.2years$, height: $171.0{\pm}3.5cm$, weight: $79.7{\pm}5.6kg$, cycle career: $13{\pm}6.2years$) participated in three min. submaximal(90 rpm) pedaling tests with the same load and cadence based on saddle heights where subject's saddle height was determined by his knee flexion angle when the pedal crank was at the 6 o'clock position. Joint angles(hip, knee, ankle joints) and the activity of lower limb muscles(biceps femoris(BF), vastus lateralis(VL), tibialis anterior(TA) and gastrocnemius medial(GM)) were compared by measuring 3D motion and electromyography(EMG) data. Results showed that there were significant differences in minimum hip & knee joint angle and range of motion of hip and knee joint between saddle heights. Onset timing and integrated EMG of only BF among 4 muscles were significantly different between saddle heights. Especially there was a negative relationship between minimum hip joint angle and onset timing of BF in most subject, which means that onset timing of BF became fast as the degree of bending of the hip joint became larger by saddle height. Optimal pedaling will be possible through increased amount of muscle activation due to the appropriate burst onset timing by proper pedaling posture with adjusted saddle height.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제16권4호
• /
• pp.263-272
• /
• 1983

Effects of dietary protein qualify, energy restriction, and subsequent rehabilitation were studied in the weanling rats. Rats were devided into the six experimental diet groups. Rats in AC (casein- containing diet ), AS (soyprotein-containing diet), and AG(gluten-containing diet) group consumed their diets ad libitum, and rats in PC, PS, PG groups were pair-fed in 60% of the of amounts eaten by corresponding rats in the AC, AS, AG groups, respectively. After 3 weeks of nutritional restriction, all rats were switched to the AC diet for 14 days. At the end of restriction period, body weight, weight gain, food intake, and FER were higher in casein- fed rats than other groups of rats. The differences were, however, disappeared with rehabilitation diet, except body weights which were not fully recovered until the end of experiment. The weights of liver, gastrocnemius muscle, kidney, small intestine, spleen, and lung were the highest in the casein group, and the lowest in gluten group at the end of restriction period. The recovery with rehabilitation diet were differ in different organs. The muscle and liver seemed to be the most affected organs by dietary protein quality and energy restriction. There were no differences in brain weights among the experimental groups during the restriction period, however, after 2 weeks of rehabilitation, rats in AC group showed lower brain weight compared to AC and AS groups, and the brain weight of PC group was lower than AC group. Protein contents in liver and muscle showed the same trends as their weights. Gluten-fed rats showed low serum protein concentration, but recovered fully with rehabilitation diet for 3 days.

• 재활복지공학회논문지
• /
• 제8권4호
• /
• pp.259-265
• /
• 2014

본 논문은 보행의지를 파악하기 위해 IR 센서 기반 보행보조기를 이용하여 보행 시 슬관절 전방변위 측정과 하지의 근육활성도를 고찰하였다. 슬관절 전방변위 측정을 위해 보행보조기에 IR센서를 장착하였고, 근전도 (Bagnoli-8ch, Delsys Inc, USA)장비를 이용하여 대퇴직근, 대퇴이두근, 전경골근, 비복근을 측정 하였다. 실험에 참가한 피험자들은 성인 8명(나이 $23.7{\pm}0.5years$, 신장 $175.4{\pm}2.3cm$, 체중 $70.6{\pm}5.6kg$)이며 매주 30분씩 총 3주간 진행되었다. 보행 시 경사조건과 보행 속도의 증가에 따라서 슬관절 전방변위가 변화되는 결과를 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 근육활성도 결과, 전방경사 시 대퇴부 근육의 활성도가 증가하였고 후방경사 시 하퇴부 근육이 많이 활성화 되어 IR센서 결과와 유사한 경향을 확인할 수 있었다.