• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2000.07a
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• pp.278-283
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• 2000

The activity of catalysts obtained by self-propagating high temperature synthesis in reaction of partial methane oxidation at atmospheric pressure was investigated. Basing on the compared results of X-ray analysis and gas chromatography analysis of reaction products, the dependence of compounds formation on the phase concentrations in the studied catalyst samples was found.

• The Journal of Engineering Research
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.97-109
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• 2004

The synthesis and crystal structure of amorphous calcium carbonate obtained from gas-liquid reaction of CaO-$C_2 H_5 OH$-$CO_2$ system according to change of added amount of calcium oxide by blowing $CO_2$ gas and reaction time using ethanol and ethylene glycol were investigated by electric conductivity, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscope. The powdery or gelatinous phases were prepared by passing $CO_2$ gas at a flow rate of 1$\ell$/min into the suspensions containing 10~40g of CaO in mixing solutions 900ml of $C_2 H_5 OH$- and 100ml of ethylene glycol. By rapid filtration and drying the both phases at $60^{\circ}C$ under reduced pressure, the phases converted to the spherical vaterite and amorphous phase. The stable phase of amorphous calcium carbonate(ACC) was formed in the region pH 7-9 but the formation regions of amorphous phase were remarkably affected by pH in the mother liquor. It seems that a part of ACC changed into chain calcite as an intermediate products. The initial reactants prior to the formation of precipitated calcium carbonate is ACC. And ACC is unstable in the aqueous solution and crystallizes finally to calcite by the through-solution reaction. Especially ACC was produced or gelatinous phase which precipitated from the reaction of CaO-$C_2 H_5 OH$-$CO_2$ system.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.75-79
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• 2009

Nickel (Ni) and ferrite ($Fe_3O_4$, $NiFe_2O_4$) nanoparticles were synthesized by LGC using both wire feeding (WF) and micron powder feeding (MPF) systems. Phase evolution and magnetic properties were then investigated. The Ni nanopowder included magnetic-ordered phases. The LGC synthesis yielded spherical particles with large coercivity while the abnormal initial magnetization curve for Ni indicated a non-collinear magnetic structure between the core and surface layer of the particles. Since the XRD pattern cannot actually distinguish between magnetite ($Fe_3O_4$) and maghemite (${\gamma}-Fe_2O_3$) as they have a spinel type structure, the phase of the iron oxide in the samples was unveiled by $M{\ddot{o}}ssbauer$ spectroscopy. The synthesized Ni-ferrite consisted of single domain particles, including an unusual ionic state. The synthesized nanopowder bore an active surface due to the defects that affected abnormal magnetic properties.

• Journal of Powder Materials
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• v.14 no.1 s.60
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• pp.63-69
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• 2007

The present study was focused on the synthesis of a zirconium-based alloyed nanopowder by the plasma arc discharge process. The chemical composition, phase structure, particle size and hydrogen sorption property of the synthesized powders under various synthesis conditions were analyzed using XRF, XRD, SEM, XPS and the ASTM-F798 method. The chemical composition of the synthesized Zr-V-Fe-based powders approached that of the raw material with an increasing hydrogen fraction in the powder synthesis atmosphere. The synthesized $Zr_{55}V_{29}Fe_{16}$ powder consist of a mixed phase structure of the $Zr,\;ZrH_2,\;FeV\;and\;Zr(V_{1-x}Fe_{x})_2$ phases. This powder has an average particle size of about 20 nm. The synthesized $Zr_{55}V_{29}Fe_{16}$ nanopowder showed getter characteristics, even though it had a lower hydrogen sorption speed than the $Zr_{57}\;V{36}\;Fe_7$ getter powder. However, the synthesized Zr nanopowder with an average particle size of 20 nm showed higher hydrogen sorption speed than the $Zr_{57}\;V{36}\;Fe_7$ getter powder.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2007.05b
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• pp.2232-2237
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• 2007

Steam reforming and catalytic reforming of $CH_4$ conversion to produce synthesis gas require both high temperatures and high pressure. Non-thermal plasma is considered to be a promising technology for the hydrogen rich gas production from methane. In this study, three phase AC GlidArc plasma system was employed to investigate the effects of gas composition, gas flow rate, catalyst reactor temperature and applied electric power on the $CH_4$ and $H_2$ yield and the product distribution. The studied system consisted of three electrode and it connected AC generate power system different voltages. In this study, air was used for the partial oxidation of methane. The results showed that increasing gas flow rate, catalyst reactor temperature, or electric power enhanced $CH_4$ conversion and $H_2$ concentration. The reference conditions were found at a $O_2$/C molar ratio of 0.45, a feed flow rate of 4.9 ${\ell}$/min, and input power of 1kW for the maximum conversions of $CH_4$ with a high selectivity of $H_2$ and a low reactor energy density.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.249-256
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• 1997

The effect of process parameter of plasma assisted chemical vapor deposition (PACVD) on the variation of the ratio between cubic boron nitride (c-BN) and hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) in the film was in-vestigated. The plasma was generated by electric power with the frequency between 100 and 500 KHz. BCl3 and NH3 were used as a boron and nitrogen source respectively and Ar and hydrogen were added as a car-rier gas. Films were composed of h-BN and c-BN and its ratio varied with the magnitude of process parameters, voltage of the electric power, substrate bias voltage, reaction pressure, gas composition, sub-strate temperature. TEM observation showed that h-BN phase was amorphous while crystalline c-BN par-ticle was imbedded in h-BN matrix in the case of c-BN and h-BN mixed film.

• Proceedings of the Korea Association of Crystal Growth Conference
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• 1999.06a
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• pp.115-127
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• 1999

The charged clusters or particles, which contain hundreds to thousands of atoms or even more, are suggested to form in the gas phase in the thin film processes such as CVD, thermal evaporation, laser ablation, and flame deposition. All of these processes are also used in the gas phase synthesis of the nanoparticles. Ion-induced or photo-induced nucleation is the main mechanism for the formation of these nanoclusters or nanoparticles inthe gas phase. Charged clusters can make a dense film because of its self-organizing characteristics while neutral ones make a porous skeletal structure because of its Brownian coagulation. The charged cluster model can successfully explain the unusual phenomenon of simultaneous deposition and etching taking place in diamond and silicon CVD processes. It also provides a new interpretation on the selective deposition on a conducting material in the CVDd process. The epitaxial sticking of the charged clusters on the growing surface is gettign difficult as the cluster size increases, resulting in the nanostructure such as cauliflowr or granular structures.

• Journal of Korea Foundry Society
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.33-40
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• 2001

Among the many techniques available to synthesis metal matrix composites, liquid phase processing, especially, conventional casting process such as stir-casting process is particularly attractive for their simplicity, economy and flexibility, In the present study, A356/20%SiCp composites were fabricated by gas-particle co-injection method. The gas-particle co-injection method is a modified stir-casting method and the corporation of particle could be improved by acceleration of particles due to rotation of impeller and gas purging. The microstructures and mechanical properties such as tensile properties and resistance to wear of fabricated materials were examined. Further, the particle injection mechanism in gas-particle co-injection method was discussed.

• Journal of Institute of Convergence Technology
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.19-23
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• 2022

Interest in hydrogen production to respond to climate change is increasing. Until now, hydrogen has been mainly produced through the SMR (Steam Methane Reforming) process using natural gas. A large amount of CO₂ is emitted in the hydrogen production process through SMR, and the gas flow including CO₂ generated in the SMR process has different characteristics for each emission source, so it is important to apply a suitable CO₂ capture process. In the case of PSA tail gas or synthesis gas, the applicability of an amine-based process has been confirmed or demonstrated close to a commercial level. However, in the case of the flue gas generated from the reformer, it is still difficult to apply the conventional amine-based process because the partial pressure of CO₂ is relatively low. Energy-saving innovative absorbents such as phase separation absorbents can be a solution to these difficulties.

• Journal of Surface Science and Engineering
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.71-75
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• 2004

The technology of $C_{60}$ fullerite films preparation by means of gas-phase deposition and structure of fullerite films are described. A three-channel flow plant was used to obtain fullerite films. The films were deposited in the flow of inert gas under reduced pressure onto a cooled silicon or sapphire substrate placed inside the reaction chamber of the plant. The plant allows one to obtain the films of pure fullerenes and to synthesise the films from fullerene compounds and doped fullerenes. The structure of two types of films were investigated by FE-SEM and SEM techniques: pure fullerite films onto silicon and sapphire substrates as well as compound films were studied by FE-SEM technique. All samples have shown columnar structure with high level of porosity. The synthesis of films composed of fullerene and its compounds for use in electronics is demonstrated to be promising. For example, experiments confirm the possibility to use fullerite films in sensor electronics to produce humidity and thermal sensors. It is also possible to use the sensitivity of these films to isotropic pressure. The experiments with $C_{60}$-Cu-J films have shown quite strong dependence of their resistance on pressure of different sort of medium-gas that could be used in gas-sensitive sensors. The structure and preparation technology of resistive sensor based on fullerite films are described.bed.