• 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회논문지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.207-215
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• 2019

본 연구는 뇌졸중 편마비 환자 12명을 대상으로 지팡이 높이에 따라 선 자세 시 양측 발의 압력, 보행 시 보행 속도의 변화를 알아보고자 하였다. 선 자세 시 발의 압력은 풋스캔(Foot scan system, 한국)을 사용하여 측정하였다. 보행 시 보행 속도 차이는 Optogait를 사용하여 측정하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 비 마비 측 발의 압력에서 넙다리뼈 큰 돌기 높이, 넙다리뼈 큰 돌기 위 5cm, 넙다리뼈 큰 돌기 위 10cm 순으로 큰 값을 나타내었으며 유의한 차이가 있었다. 마비 측 발의 압력은 넙다리뼈 큰 돌기 위 10cm, 넙다리뼈 큰 돌기 위 5cm, 넙다리뼈 큰 돌기 순으로 큰 값을 나타내었으며 유의한 차이가 있었다. 이는 지팡이 높이가 높을수록 마비측으로 무게중심이 이동하여 체중지지율이 높아진 것을 알 수 있었다. 보행 속도는 넙다리뼈 큰 돌기 위 5cm, 넙다리뼈 큰 돌기 10cm, 넙다리뼈 큰 돌기 높이에서 미세한 차이는 보였으나 통계학적으로 유의한 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 이는 지팡이 높이가 보행 속도 능력을 변화시킬 만큼 크지 않았다는 것을 볼 수 있었다. 본 논문은 지팡이 높이가 뇌졸중 편마비 환자의 선 자세 시 체중지지율과 보행 시 보행 속도에 대해 알아보고자 하였으며, 차후 임상에서 뇌졸중 편마비 환자들의 지팡이를 적용한 선 자세 또는 보행을 위한 치료에서 지팡이 높이를 설정할 때 기초자료를 제공할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.129-134
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• 2018

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the changes in pulmonary function, gait ability, and quality of life when NMES is applied along with CBE and to provide basic clinical data to be used in pulmonary rehabilitation guidelines for patients with COPD to treat patients with severe COPD. Methods: For this study, CBE and NMES of quadriceps femoris on both sides were applied to the experimental group (n=10), and only CBE was applied to the control group (n=10). For a pre-test, a 6-minute walk test was performed, and pulmonary function and health-related quality of life were measured. Moreover, an exercise program was applied to each group for 30 minutes per session, 5 times a week, for 6 weeks. After that, a post-test was conducted the same way as the pre-test. Results: In the within-group comparison, there were significant differences in forced expiratory volume in one second, 6-minute walk test and health-related quality of life between the experimental group and the control group (p<0.01)(p<0.05). In the between-group comparison, the experimental group showed an increase in forced expiratory volume in one second and 6-minute walk test (p<0.05) and showed a decline in health-related quality of life (p<0.05). Conclusion: The 6-weeks NMES program improved health-related quality in patients with severe COPD by increasing expiratory volume by reinforcing the function of quadriceps femoris. This finding implies that NMES could be an alternative mode for improving physical functions of patients with severe COPD, who cannot participate in a breathing exercise program or are reluctant to participate.

• 전자공학회논문지
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• 제50권8호
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• pp.264-273
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• 2013

미래의 전쟁에서 인명 피해를 최소화하기 위한 방안으로 로봇의 중요성이 부각되고 있으며 최적으로 진화된 생물체를 모방하는 생체모방로봇에 대한 연구가 활발하게 추진되고 있다. 도마뱀 모방형 로봇은 협소한 지역에서 은밀한 접근 및 은닉을 필요로 하는 정찰 및 감시 등의 임무를 수행하기에 적합하다. 본 논문에서는 적외선 마커를 이용하여 도마뱀의 보행동작을 분석하였다. 쿠반 에놀의 관절 부위에 21 개의 마커를 부착하고 광학적 모션 캡쳐 장비를 사용하여 도마뱀의 보행 동작을 측정하였다. 측정된 데이터를 분석하여 펼친 자세로 속보로 보행하는 도마뱀의 걸음 동작을 분석하였다. 또한 도마뱀의 걸음새를 충실하게 구현 가능하도록 25 자유도를 갖는 기구학 모델을 제안하였으며 시뮬레이션을 통하여 모델링의 타당성을 확인하였다.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.153-160
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• 2017

보행 분석은 다양한 지형에서 수행되고 있으나 지형이 변화되는 시점에서의 보행 분석 연구는 보고된 바 없다. 본 연구의 목적은 삼각경사 보행 시 지형이 변화되는 시점에서 발목 및 무릎 관절의 운동학과 운동역학을 평지 보행과 비교 분석하는 것이다. 3차원 동작분석 시스템과 지면 반력기를 사용하여 성인 남성 18명의 하지 운동학 및 운동역학 자료를 획득하였다. 삼각경사 보행에서 최대 발목 배측굴곡각 및 모멘트와 최대 무릎 신전 모멘트가 평지보행과 비교하였을 때 증가하였다(p<0.05). 삼각경사의 상승경사 보행 시 $50^{\circ}$가 넘는 무릎 굽힘각과 그 시기에 발생하는 큰 무릎 신전 모멘트는 슬개대퇴증후군의 위험을 높일 수 있을 것으로 보인다. 또한 삼각경사의 하강경사 보행에서 증가된 발목 배측굴곡 운동범위는 비복근과 아킬레스건 부상 위험을 높일 수 있을 것으로 보인다.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.363-375
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• 2015

Objective: This study aims to recognize the risk of current traffic systems and to investigate a method to decrease risk by doing exercise using an elastic-band and cognitive rehabilitation. Background: The existing traffic system usually focuses on the ordinary citizens, which may not be appropriate to the elderly. It may affect the cognition and walking speed of the elderly. This study tries to examine whether cognition and muscle training is appropriate to improve their vulnerability. Therefore this study will provide human ergonomics - based basic data in relation to the elderly to identify the risk of current signal system and to mitigate the risk. Method: A total of 30 elderly participants were divided into two groups: experimental and control groups. Experimental group (n=15) was trained to strengthen their muscles and to promote cognition, whereas control group (n=15) was not. The training was conducted twice a week for three weeks. To strengthen muscles, a yellow colored elastic-band was used, and a computer program for cognitive rehabilitation was used to develop cognition. In the experimental group, there were significant differences between pre and post exercises However, the control group didn't show any significant difference. The increase in cognition and walking speed was found in the experimental group, whereas there were no differences in the control group. Statistically there was no significant difference between the two groups. Results: The results of this study show that the exercise program using the elastic-band gave a positive effect on gait training thanks to the development of muscle power and balance. Conclusion: This study did not show any statistical difference or significant differences between the two groups, since time was restricted, we believe. Application: The results of the walking speed will help to prevent traffic collision.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.267-275
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of balance ability improvement exercise program which applied to the elderly people for increasing balance, stability and range of motion. Ten elderly people and ten university students were recruited as the subjects. Kinematic data were collected by seven real-time infrared cameras while subjects walk stair descent as a pre-test. Korean folk dance exercise program was applied to the elderly for 12 weeks. Same experiment on stair descent walk was performed as post-test. Results indicated that CM movement and selected joint angle patterns of elderly group after treatment changed to the similar patterns of young group. However, ankle joint angle and vertical GRF of elderly group after treatment also increased compared to those of the elderly group before treatment. This might be explained by the fact that elderly used a different walking strategy which maximize support base for increasing stability. Overall, these results indicated that the exercise treatment may affect to adapt and improve the gait pattern of stair descent of elderly people.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.228-233
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• 2015

Purpose: Gait is the most basic element when evaluating the quality of life with activities of daily living under ordinary life circumstances. Symmetrical use of the lower extremities requires complicated coordination of all limbs. Thus, this study examined asymmetry of muscle activity quadriceps femoris and tibialis anterior as a baseline for training during over-ground walking and stair walking of stroke patients. Methods: Subjects were 14 stroke patients included as one experimental group. Gait speed used in this study was determined by the subject. Low extremity paretic and non-paretic EMG was compared using the surface EMG system. Results: The low extremity EMG difference was statistically significant during over-ground walking and stair walking (p<0.05). The result of low extremity EMG substituted symmetry ratio formula was compared to EMG symmetry ratio in both legs during over-ground walking and stair walking. The average symmetry ratio of quadriceps femoris during over-ground walking was 0.65, and average symmetry ratio of quadriceps femoris during stair walking was 0.47, with significant difference (p<0.05). Conclusion: EMG data was higher in stair walking than over-ground walking. However, in the comparison of symmetry ratio, asymmetric EMG of quadriceps femoris was significantly increased during stair walking. These findings suggested that application of stair walking for strengthening of both legs can be positive, but the key factor is maintaining asymmetrical posture of both legs. Therefore, physical therapists should make an effort to reduce asymmetry of quadriceps femoris power during stair walking by stroke patients.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.53-58
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• 2017

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the accuracy of stride time and stride length provided by a commercial APDM inertial sensor system (APDM) with the results of three dimensional motion capture system (3D motion) during treadmill walking. Method: Five healthy men participated in this experiment. All subjects walked on the treadmill for 3 minutes at their preferred walking speed. The 3D motion and the APDM were simultaneously used for extracting gait variables such as stride time and stride length. Mean difference and root mean squared (RMS) difference were used to compare the measured gait variables from the two measurement devices. The regression equation derived from the range of motion of the lower limb was also applied to correct the error of stride length. Results: The stride time extracted from the APDM was almost the same as that from the 3D motion (the mean difference and RMS difference were less than 0.0001 sec and 0.0085 sec, respectively). For stride length, mean difference and RMS difference were less than 0.1141 m and 0.1254 m, respectively. However, after correction of the stride length error using the derived regression equation, the mean difference and the RMS difference decreased to 0.0134 m and 0.0556 m or less, respectively. Conclusion: In this study, we confirmed the possibility of using the temporal variables provided from the APDM during treadmill walking. By applying the regression equation derived only from the range of motion provided by the APDM, the error of the spatial variable could be reduced. Although further studies are needed with additional subjects and various walking speeds, these results may provide the basic data necessary for using APDM in treadmill walking.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.53-57
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• 2017

PURPOSE: The purpose of study was to clear up the environmental risk factor that can be easily occurred unstability of hip during gait and one leg standing at various ramp angle. METHODS: Twenties healthy males of 69 subjects is participated in this study. Participants was measured activation on gluteus medius muscle during both conditions (walk across the ramp and one leg stand in the transverse direction) of seven different angle. The measured data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA to investigate the effect of muscle activation on the each condition. The statistical analyses were performed using SPSS ver. 18.0 and p-value less than .05 were considered significant for all cases. A post-hoc test was performed by Bonferoni method. RESULTS: The study showed that more muscle activities on gluteus medius is increased by increasing the ramp angle. Post-hoc analysis demonstrated that the peak and mean of muscle activity increased significantly with a ramp angle of $15^{\circ}$ and $25^{\circ}$ during gait and one-leg stand. CONCLUSION: According to the study results, impaired balance can be easily occurred when cross walk and one-leg stand on a ramp from higher than $15^{\circ}$, and highest risk was angle of $25^{\circ}$ or more. As a people with gluteus medius muscle weakness walks a ramp, the ramp angle has a cross relationship with the impaired balance. If people with gluteus medius weakness walk on the more than $10^{\circ}$ of ramp angle, they will need a lot of attention for prevent impaired balance.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.67-74
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to prove the effects of coordinative locomotion training (CLT) on walking speed, walking endurance, and balance for incomplete spinal cord injury patients. Methods: Ten subjects were randomly assigned to the CLT group (n = 5) and the treadmill (TM) group (n = 5). The CLT group performed PNF pattern exercise using the motions of the sprinter and skater for 30 minutes, while the TM group performed using a treadmill for 30 minutes. Both groups performed these therapeutic interventions for five days per week, for a period of four weeks. A 10 meter walking test, Berg Balance Scale (BBS), and 6 meter walking test were used for the assessment of gait speed, balance, and gait endurance. The SPSS Ver. 18.0 statistical program was used for data processing. A Wilcoxon signed rank test was used for the comparison of pre- and post-intervention performance and a Mann-Whitney test was used for comparison between the groups. The significance level for the statistical inspection was set at 0.05. Results: Both groups showed significant improvements in the 10 meter walking test, Berg Balance Scale, and 6 meter walking test (P < 0.05). Conclusion: CLT had an effect on the improvement of walking speed, walking endurance, and the balance of incomplete spinal cord injury patients. Thus, we suggest that CLT is a therapeutic intervention for incomplete spinal cord injury patients.