• 한국가정과학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.94-102
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• 1998

This study was undertaken to investigate the effects of mustard leaf diet on the lipid metabolism under chronic alcohol administration. Sprague-Dawley male rats were fed either AIN-76 diet(control), control with ethanol, AIN-76 diet plus 5% mustard leaf(mustard leaf), or mustard leaf with ethanol lot 30 days. On the 21st day, all of the rats were given an oral dose of ethanol and blood-ethanol concentration were monitored for the next 5 hours. Lipid and enzyme determinations in serum and liver were carried out after 30 days. The results obtained were summarized as following: 1) Supplementing 5% of mustard leaf did not recover the body weight loss due to chronic alcohol administration. 2) There were no significant differences in blood ethanol concentrations among the experimental groups. 3) Mustard leaf diet decreased the plasma total cholesterol, triglyceride levels increased due to the chronic alcohol administration, but not HDL-, LDL-cholesterol, and liver lipids. 4) Mustard leaf diet decreased ${\gamma}$ -GTP level increased by chronic alcohol administration. Overall, these data suggest that mustard lear can have a recovery function, which was not via ethanol metabolism on the symptoms of alcohol related diseases.(Korean J Human Ecology 1(1) : 94~102, 1998)

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.42-48
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• 2012

This study was performed to investigate the urinary methyl hippuric acid (UMHA) excretion among aircraft maintenance workers exposed to xylene by examination of blood test, urine test and biochemical tests. Study subjects (301) were divided into 2 groups; non-exposed group (n=123, who were not exposed to xylene), and exposed group (n=178, who were exposed to xylene). The average of blood level and MHA level was normal. The ${\gamma}$-GTP level was 35.5 IU/L (45.7%) in the exposed group and 27.9 IU/L (44.7%) in the non-exposed (control) group. The proportion of total cholesterol (TG) level higher than 150 mg/dl were 34.3% in the exposed group and 21.1% in the non-exposed group. These results were showed statistically significant difference (${\chi}^2$ = 6.10, P<0.05). Other items showed no statistically significant differences. The results of urine tests were no statistically significant differences in protein, occult blood and glucose level.

• BMB Reports
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.535-539
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• 1996

The activation of phospholipase D (PLD) catalyzes hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholine (PC) to phosphatidic acid (PA) and choline in plants as well as animals. To determine the presence of PLD in oat cells, we prepared inside-out plasma membrane and cytosolic fractions from oat tissues. PLD activities in both cytosol and plasma membrane were detected by ion chromatography method. The activity of PLD in plasma membrane was dependent upon $Ca^{2+}$ concentration and was heat stable. To investigate whether G-protein couples to PLD, the effects of $GTP{\gamma}S$ and $GDP{\beta}S$ on the PLD activity were measured. PLD activity was dramatically increased 300~400% in the presence of 50 ${\mu}M$ $GTP{\gamma}S$ but not in the presence of 50 ${\mu}M$ $GDP{\beta}S$. These results indicate that G-protein may be involved in regulation of PLD activity. To identify whether PLD is regulated by red light receptor, phytochrome, we irradiated red, far-red, or red/far-red/red light on oat protoplasts. PLD activity has increased 5-fold and 3-fold by treatment with red light and red/far-red/red light, respectively. In contrast, irradiation with far-red light had little or no effect on PLD activity. These results suggest that phytochrome regulates PLD activity through activation of G-protein in oat cells.

• 동국한의학연구소논문집
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• 제5권
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• pp.53-77
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• 1996

The purpose of this study is to observe the effect of Sayeuksan on serum reaction in $CCl^4$ treated rats. In this study the experimental rats divided four group (Control group, $CCl^4$ group, sayeuksan group, and shiho, kamcho group) Under the same condition control group were administered water, sample group were administered Sayeuksan for 8days. and then, both $CCl_4$ group and sample group were injeccted to abdomen with $CCl_4$ for 1days. The change of GOT GPT ${\gamma}$-GTP ALP LDH activity in blood serum. The obtained results are summarised as follows : 1. In the change of GOT GPT contents, as compared with control group sample group was significantly decreased. 2. In the change of ${\gamma}$-GTP contents as compared with control group, sample group was significantly decreased. 3. In the change of ALP contents, as compared with control group, sample group was significantly decreased. 4. In the change of LDH contents, as compared with contol group, sample group was significantly decreased.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 1996

The objective of the present study was to characterize the role of adenosine in regulation of ATP-sensitive $K^+\;channel\;(K_{ATP}\;channel)$ activity in isolated rabbit ventricular myocytes using the patch clamp technique. Internal adenosine had little effects on KaTr channel activity. In an outside-out patch with intrapipette GTP and ATP, external adenosine stimulated $K_{ATP}\;channel$ activity. In an inside-out Patch with intrapipette adenosine, ATP reduced $K_{ATP}\;channel$ activity, and GTP stimulated $K_{ATP}\;channel$ activity. Adenosine receptor activation shifted the half-maximal inhibition Of $K_{ATP}\;channel\;from\;70\;to\;241\;{\mu}m$. These results Suggest that activation of adenosine receptors stimulates $K_{ATP}\;channels$ in rabbit ventricular myocytes by reducing the apparent affinity of the channel for ATP. The effect may be important for activating $K_{ATP}\;channels$ during early phase of myocardial ischemia.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.243-247
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• 1998

Allomyces macrogynus를 대상으로 꼬리홀씨와 팡이실에서 tetrahydrobiopterin의 세포내 농도와 그 생합성 효소들의 활성을 비교분석하였다. 습윤중량의 세포를 기준으로 비교하였을 때 biopterin은 홀씨에 비해 팡이실에서 14배 정도 많은 양이 검출되었다. 그 생합성에 관여하는 GTP cyclohydrolase I(GTPCH), 6-pyruboyltetrahydropterin synthase(PTPS), sepiapterin reductase(SR)의 효소활성을 ammonium sulfate 단백질 농축액에서 분석한 결과 GTPCH와 PTPS의 활성은 팡이실에서 꼬리홀씨에 비해 약 2배 정도 높은 값을 보여주었다. 반면 SR의 활성은 오히려 꼬리홀씨에서 10배 정도 높은 것으로 분석되었다. 그리고 Northern blot 분석 결과 SR의 전사물도 꼬리홀씨에서 훨씬 많이 검출되었다. 이러한 결과들은 tetrahydrobiopterin이 Allomyces macrogynus의 팡이실 분화단계에 관여하고 있음을 추정케하는 한편 SR의 생리활성과 관련된 의문을 제기하고 있다.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.1207-1213
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• 2008

The possible protective effects of highly zinc-containing yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, FF-10 strain, isolated from tropical fruit rambutan on acute alcoholic liver injury in rats were evaluated. Zinc concentration in this strain was 30.6mg%. The activities of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and $\gamma$-glutamyl transpeptidase ($\gamma$-GTP) were highly increased when alcohol was treated, relative to the normal rats. Also, a highly significant increase in the blood alcohol and acetaldehyde levels by alcohol treatment was observed. Administration of FF-10 strain markedly prevented alcohol-induced elevation of the activities of serum ALT, AST, and $\gamma$-GTP, and the levels of blood alcohol and acetaldehyde, and these reduced levels reached to that of normal rats. As compared with alcohol treated control rats, the FF-10 strain supplementation showed highly decreased the triglyceride concentration in serum. Alcohol treatment induced the marked accumulation of small lipid droplets, hepatocytes necrosis, and inflammation, but FF-10 strain administration attenuated to alcohol-induced accumulation of small lipid droplets and hepatocyte necrosis in the liver. Therefore, the current finding suggests that zinc-enriched yeast FF-10 strain isolated from tropical fruit rambutan may have protective effect against alcohol-induced hepatotoxicity.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.661-669
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• 2013

마늘을 이용한 청국장의 제조조건을 최적화 하고자 중심합성계획에 따라 마늘의 첨가량($X_1$), 마늘 열처리시간($X_2$) 및 청국장 발효시간($X_3$)을 독립변수로 하고, 점질물 생성량($Y_1$), 산도($Y_2$), 아미노태 질소량($Y_3$), ${\gamma}$-GTP($Y_4$) 및 ABTS 라디칼 소거능($Y_5$)을 종속변수로 하여 반응표면분석을 실시하였다. 점질물 생성량의 정상점은 최대점으로 실제변수인 마늘의 첨가량이 6.53%, 열처리 시간 6.81분, 청국장 발효시간 55.18시간에서 13.02%의 최적 값을 보였다. 산도는 청국장의 발효시간이 길어질수록 증가하였으며, 최소값인 0.50%를 나타내는 마늘 첨가량의 실제변수는 7.75%, 열처리 시간은 3.42분, 청국장 발효는 58.60시간이었다. 아미노태 질소 함량은 80.58~158.82 mg% 범위였는데 정상점은 안장점으로 능선분석을 통해 얻어진 아미노태 질소의 최고값은 156.97 mg%였다. 이 때 마늘 첨가량 및 열처리 시간은 각각 6.21% 및 14.85분, 청국장 발효시간은 58.04시간이었다. ${\gamma}$-GTP 활성은 353.66 mU/mL의 최대값을 가질 때, 마늘 첨가량, 마늘 열처리 시간 및 청국장 발효시간이 각각 5.73%, 6.99분, 57.96시간 이었다. ABTS 라디칼 소거능은 마늘 첨가량과 청국장 발효시간을 낮추고 마늘의 열처리 시간을 높이는 경우 76.43%의 최고값 얻을 수 있었는데, 이에 따른 실제변수의 마늘의 첨가량과 열처리시간은 각각 3.78% 및 14.28분과 청국장 발효시간은 57.99시간이었다. 이상의 결과를 종합하여 볼 때 마늘이 첨가된 청국장 제조를 위해 마늘은 불린 콩 무게 대비 3.78~7.75%로 첨가하되 3.42~14.85분의 범위에서 스팀가열한 후 사용하며, 55~59시간 정도 발효시키는 것이 적합하였다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제36권7호
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• pp.849-858
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• 2007

본 연구에서는 대구${\cdot}$경북지역 20, 30대 남성 근로자 224명을 대상으로 비만정도에 따른 신체적 특성, 건강상태를 조사하였다. BMI는 조사대상자 모두 대한비만학회에서 제시한 정상 범위인 18.5${\sim}$23 $kg/m^{2}$에서 벗어난 과체중으로 조사되었다. BMI가 증가함에 따라 관리요망군과 질환의심군의 비율이 유의적으로(p<0.001) 증가하였고, 평균 혈압은 비만군이 정상군 및 과체중군보다 높은 유의적인 차이(P<0.001)가 있었으며, 공복 시 혈당은 30대가 20대보다 높은 유의적인 차이(p<0.05)를 보였다. 간질환의 유무를 알 수 있는 지표인 SGOT, SGPT 및 ${\gamma}-GTP$는 BMI별로 보면 비만군은 정상군 및 과체중군보다 높아 유의적인 차이(SGOT, SGPT: p<0.001, ${\gamma}-GTP$: p<0.01)를 보였다. 건강상태에 따른 생화학적 상태를 살펴보면, 수축기혈압은 관리요망군, 질환의심군, 정상군 순으로 유의적인 차이(p<0.01)를 보였으며, 확장기혈압, 총콜레스테롤, 공복 시 혈당, SGOT, SGPT 및 ${\gamma}-GTP$는 정상군 및 관리요망군과 질환의심군 간에 유의적인 차이(p<0.001)를 보였다. 비만정도에 따른 평균 영양소 섭취량은 20대에서 비타민 E가 정상군, 과체중군, 비만군 순으로 유의적인 차이(p<0.05)가 있었으나 30대는 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 영양소 섭취부족의 비율은 칼슘 71.0%, 아연 50.9%, 비타민 $B_{2}$ 70.5%, 비타민 C 56.3%, 엽산 81.3%, 나이아신(28.1%), 비타민 $B_{1}$(34.5%), 철(18.3%), 비타민 $B_{6}$(16.5%) 등으로 영양소 섭취부족의 비율이 높게 나타나, 20, 30대 근로자들의 영양 섭취 상태 개선이 시급할 것으로 사료된다. 식이 자기효능감 점수는 51.5점으로 20, 30대 남성근로자의 식이 자기효능감이 대체적으로 매우 좋게 나타났고, 본 연구에서는 조사대상자의 90% 이상이 식이 자기효능감이 좋은 것으로 나타났다. 식이 자기효능감이 높은 집단에서 식생활 태도 점수가 높게 나타났으며, 식이 자기효능감에 영향을 미치는 변수들의 총 인과 관계의 크기를 비교해보면 식생활 태도, 연령 순이었다. 조사대상자인 20, 30대 남성 근로자 대부분이 과체중에 속하며, 체중이 증가할수록 BMI, 허리 둘레, 엉덩이 둘레, 체지방율(%) 등이 높게 나타났다. 전체적으로 영양소섭취 부족비율은 칼슘 71.0%, 아연 50.9%, 비타민 $B_{12}$70.5%, 비타민 C 56.3%, 엽산 81.3% 등으로 높게 나타나 근로자들의 영양 문제가 심각함을 알 수 있다.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.131-145
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• 2003

This study was conducted to estimate the incidence and the degree of cigarette smoking and drinking among working men, and then to investigate the effects on blood pressure, various hematological indices and blood chemistry. The sample consisted of 2,287 male workers who had undertaken a general health check-up during the two-year period from January, 2000 to December, 2001. Such factors as blood pressure, blood glucose, lipid profiles, and liver function tests were determined and then analyzed with respect to the subjects smoking and/or drinking status. The major findings from this study are: 1. The drinking and smoking status have shown that 52.7% of participants were in the habit of both drinking and smoking while 11.6% were not associated with either. On the other hand 25.4% were involved only in drinking and 10.2% only in smoking. In the group smoking over 21 cigarettes per day over 30, the age group occupied the largest proportion at 20.1%. 2. Regarding the relationship between smoking and/or drinking status, and blood pressure, hematology and blood chemistry, the smoking and/or drinking group had significantly higher levels of blood pressure, both systolic and diastolic, Hb & Hct, TG, LDL-C, SGOT, and ${\gamma}$-GTP, than the non-smoking and/or non-drinking group. But HDL-C was significantly lower in the smoking group and significantly higher in the drinking group than the non-smoking/non-drinking group. 3. Regarding amount smoked, a larger number of cigarettes per day was significantly associated with the higher levels of blood pressure, systolic and diatolic, TG, TC, LDL-C, Hb, Hct, and ${\gamma}$-GTP. As for the amount druck, an increasing amount of alcohol intake was associated with rising levels of blood pressure, systolic and diatolic, TG, TC, LDL-C, HDL-C, Hb, SGOT, and ${\gamma}$-GTP. 4. Regarding the correlation among all the variables stated above, the smoking and drinking amount was shown to be in the positive correlation with blood pressure, both systolic and diastolic, TG, TC, Hb, and ${\gamma}$-GTP. On the contrary, LDL-C and HDL-C was in a positive correlation only with the amount drunk amount, and Hct only with the amount smoked. 5. As with systolic and diastolic blood pressure, the odds ratio of the smoking group was 2.35 and 2.58 compared to the non-smoking/drinking group. whereas it was 1.47 and 1.75 in the smoking/drinking group. Concerning serum lipids, the smoking/drinking group had 1.97 times the levels of TG in the non-smoking/non-drinking group, though the smoking group had 1.55 times the levels of HDL-C in the non-smoking/non-drinking group. As with liver function test results, the drinking group had 2.50 times and the smoking/drinking group had 4.41 times the levels of ${\gamma}$-GTP in the non-smoking/drinking group. respectively. The above results revealed that smoking and alcohol intake were effected the results of blood pressure and laboratory tests. Specifically, not only the smoking/drinking group but also those only smoking or only drinking were not as desirable as the non-smoking and non-drinking group to the results of blood pressure and laboratory tests.