• The KIPS Transactions:PartA
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• v.15A no.5
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• pp.249-258
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• 2008

DCDN(Distributed Contents Delivery Network) as known the next generation of CDN is to exploit the resource of client PCs based on P2P technology to provide low cost, high scalability and high speed services when contents are delivered. This DCDN has two problems. One is that DCDN can't provide a sustainable service because client PCs are on/off irregularly and their on times tend to focus on specific time zone, and the other is that client PCs can not be accessed outside in DCDN if they are behind NAT or Firewall. In this paper, we present a distributed contents delivery network based on home gateway for a sustainable service. If home gateway is used in DCDN instead of client PC, it can solve the two existing problems of DCDN. That is, home gateway can provide a sustainable service because it is on during all day and it is not behind NAT and Firewall. The proposed method is implemented with ASUS WL-500GP, a wired/wireless router. Experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed method compared to the existing method of DCDN.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.153-157
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• 2000

Hydrolysate which inhibit the Angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) was prepared from mackerel muscle by pretense. The ACE inhibitory activity of mackerel muscle hvdrolysate (MMH) was $967 {\mu}g of IC_(50)$. ACE inhibitory peptides were isolated by ultrafiltration, gel permeation column chromatography (GPC), reversed phase column chromatography(RPC), reversed phasehigh performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC), and gel permeation high performance liquid chromatography (GP-HPLC) from the MMH. The amino acid sequence of the ACE inhibitory peptides was Tyr-Val-Ala. The $IC_(50)$ of this peptide for ACE from rabbit lung was $1.4 {\mu}M$.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.85-99
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• 2000

Accurate information on habitat distribution of protected fauna is essential for the habitat management of Korea, a country with very high development pressure. The objectives of this study were to develop a habitat suitability model of wild boar based on GIS and logistic regression, and to create habitat distribution map, and to prepare the basis for habitat management of our country s endangered and protected species. The modeling process of this restudyarch had following three steps. First, GIS database of environmental factors related to use and availability of wild boar habitat were built. Wild boar locations were collected by Radio-Telemetry and GPS. Second, environmental factors affecting the habitat use and availability of wild boars were identified through chi-square test. Third, habitat suitability model based on logistic regression were developed, and the validity of the model was tested. Finally , habitat assessment map was created by utilizing a rule-based approach. The results of the study were as folos. First , distinct difference in wild boar habitat use by season and habitat types were found, however, no difference in wild boar habiat use by season and habitat types were found , however, ho difference by sex and activity types were found. Second, it was found, through habitat availability analysis, that elevation , aspect , forest type, and forest age were significant natural environmental factors affecting wild boar hatibate selection, but the effects of slope, ridge/valley, water, and solar radiation could not be identified, Finally, the habitat at cutoff value of 0.5. The model validation showed that inside validation site had the classification accuracy of 73.07% for total habitat and 80.00% for cover habitat , and outside validation site had the classification accuracy of 75.00% for total habitat.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.8
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• pp.4529-4532
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• 2013

Background: Acute normovolemic hemodilution (ANH) has been widely used to prevent the massive blood loss during hepatic carcinoma. The influences of ANH on coagulation function are still controversy, especially in elderly patients. The study observed ANH effects on coagulation function and fibrinolysis in elderly patients undergoing the disease. Materials and Methods: Thirty elderly patients (aged 60-70 yr) with liver cancer (ASA I or II) taken hepatic carcinectomy from February 2007 to February 2008 were randomly divided into ANH group (n=15) and control group (n=15). After tracheal intubation, patients in ANH group and control group were infused with 6% hydroxyethyl starch (130/0.4) and Ringer's solution, respectively. Blood samples were drawn from patients in both groups at five different time points: before anesthesia induction (T1), 30 min after ANH (T2), 1 h after start of operation (T3), immediately after operation (T4), and 24 h after operation (T5). Then coagulation function, soluble fibrin monomer complex (SFMC), prothrombin fragment (F1+2), and platelet membrane glycoprotein (CD62P and activated GP IIb/GP IIIa) were measured. Results: The perioperative blood loss and allogeneic blood transfusion were recorded during the surgery. The perioperative blood loss was not significantly different between two groups (p>0.05), but the volume of allogeneic blood transfusion in ANH group was significantly less than in control group ($350.0{\pm}70.7$) mL vs. ($457.0{\pm}181.3$) mL (p<0.01). Compared with the data of T1, the prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) measured after T3 were significantly longer (p<0.05) in both groups, but within normal range. There were no significant changes of thrombin time (TT) and D-dimer between two groups at different time points (p>0.05). SFMC and F1+2 increased in both groups, but were not statistically significant. PAC-1-positive cells and CD62P expressions in patients of ANH group were significantly lower than those at T1 (p<0.05) and T2-T5 (p>0.05). Conclusions: ANH has no obvious impact on fibrinolysis and coagulation function in elderly patients undergoing resection of liver cancer. The study suggested that ANH is safe to use in elderly patients and it could reduce allogeneic blood transfusion.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.477-484
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• 2012

Recently, as earthquake is more frequently taking place around the world due to diastrophism, the importance of diastrophism and disaster detection is becoming more important. In this study, to analyze the interpretation of seismic displacement by the Japanese earthquake in March, 2011, and monitor the diastrophism of plates in Japan and surrounding Eurasia, Pacific, and Philippines before and after the earthquake, the observational data from IGS observatories in Japan and Asian regions were processed by precise point positioning. The displacement was biggest in MIZU, which was the closest to the epicenter, and the earthquake-affected region was in inverse proportion to the distance from the epicenter. The result of calculating the diastrophism speed before and after the earthquake, based on precise point positioning of IGS observatories located in the 4 plates around Japan, showed that the displacement speed changed and different plates showed different results. The comparison with the plate fate model allowed to analyze the change in diastrophism by earthquake, and to understand the characteristics of the displacement of the plates around Japan. Later, a continuous diastrophism monitoring based on GPS is needed for earthquake prediction and diastrophism research, and the data gained by continuous GPS-based monitoring of diastrophism will be fully used as basic data for relevant research and earthquake disaster management.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.54-62
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• 1998

This experiment was conducted to find out the effects of ABA and IAA on activities of antioxidant enzymes, antioxidant content, and growth of tobacco under exposure to ozone. The exposure to ozone in tobacco plant significantly decreased plant height, but it did not show any difference in vegetative characteristics except plant height of IAA $10^{-3}$M treated. Total chlorophyll content of NC 82 was dramatically decreased with increase in days after ozone treatment. However, reduction of chlorophyll was minimized when plant growth regulators were treated before ozone exposure. Three days treament of ozone in tobacco increased ascorbic acid of oxidised form, while slightly decreased `in reduced ascorbic acid by IAA treatment. But seven days of ozone treatment showed increase in ascorbic acid and decrease in dehydroascorbic acid. Ozone treatment did not show any difference in glutathione content and glutathione reductase activity when plant growth regulators were treated. Activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD), ascorbate peroxidase(AP) and guaiacol peroxidase(GP) were increased by the exposure to ozone for three days. However, there were no difference in activities of SOD, AP and GP due to exposure to ozone for seven days. These reactions may be interpreted as protective responses to prevent or alleviate the damage of tobacco plant by ozone exposure.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.86-94
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to measure the flexural strength and hardness of four core materials in 4 different medias and to evaluate the relationship between the physical properties. For the flexural strength, the specimens were prepared from each of the following materials: Bisfil Core, Core Max, Fuji IX GP, Miracle Mix and randomly divided into four groups and stored at 37 degree C in the following medias: distilled water for 24 hours (DW/1), distilled water for 30 days (DW/30). $2%$ NaF for 30 days (NF/30), 0.02N lactic acid for 30 days (LA/30). After storage, the specimens were subjected to flexural strength testing and calculated to flexural modulus. For hardness testing, specimens were prepared from four materials and storaged in the uniform way. After storage, the specimens were subjected to Vicker's hardness testing. 1. The flexural strength of Core Max were the highest, and the flexural strength of Miracle Mix were the lowest. 2. The hardness of Bisfil Core were the highest. 3. The hardness of Core Max were the highest. 4. The hardness of Miracle Mix were the lowest. 5. $2\%$ NaF and 0.02N lactic acid negatively affected the flexural strength and hardness of four core materials.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.12 no.1 s.28
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• pp.11-20
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• 2004

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the applicability of GPS data for real-time traffic information collection especially after SA removal. Two major results have been reported. One is the GPS data availability and/or useful data point density for travel time estimation using Circle-X algorithm. 87.23% of data points can be mobilized after SA whereas only 29.94% of data was useful in calculating travel time. The other is the possible reduction of the buffer size that is used for screening the points of all GPS into useful and useless data, respectively. With these outcomes, it is safely expected that the regular GPS alone can provide the data points for real-time travel time estimation instead of the more expensive DGPS system.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.18 no.10
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• pp.2523-2529
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• 2014

Location estimation service can be provided outdoors using various location estimation system based on GPS. However, location estimation system is based on existing indoor resources as GPS cannot be used because of insufficient visible satellites and weak signals. The fingerprinting technique that uses WLAN signal, in particular, is good to use indoors because it uses RSSI provided by AP to estimate location. However, its accuracy may vary depending on how accurate data the offline stage used where the fingerprinting map is built. The study sampled various data at the stage that builds the fingerprinting map and suggested a location estimation system that enhances its precision by saving the data of high frequency among them to improve this problem. The suggested location estimation system based on majority sampling data estimates location by filtering RSSI data of the highest frequency at the client and server to be saved at a map, building the map and measuring a similar distance. As a result of the test, the location estimation precision stood at minimum 87.5 % and maximum 90.4% with the margin of error at minimum 0.25 to 2.72m.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.10
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• pp.609-617
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• 2016

In general, Personal Navigation Systems (PNSs) can be defined systems to acquire pedestrian positional information. GPS is an example of PNS. However, GPS can only be used where the GPS signal can be received. Pedestrian Dead Reckoning (PDR) can estimate the positional information of pedestrians using Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU). Therefore, PDR can be used for GPS-disabled areas. This paper proposes a PDR scheme considering various movement types over GPS-disabled areas as combat environments. We propose a movement distance estimation scheme and movement direction estimation scheme as pedestrian's various movement types such as walking, running and crawling using IMU. Also, we propose a fusion algorithm between GPS and PDR to mitigate the lack of accuracy of positional information at the entrance to the building. The proposed algorithm has been tested in a real test bed. In the experimental results, the proposed algorithms exhibited an average position error distance of 5.64m and position error rate in goal point of 3.41% as a pedestrian traveled 0.6km.