• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.205-217
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• 2008

Objectives : We investigated the effects of Herba Ephedrae and Rhizoma Amorphophalli on high fat diet induced obese male mice. Methods : 8 weeks old, high fat diet induced obese male mice were divided into 5 groups: C57BL/6 normal control, obese vehicle control, GGEx55 (Herba Ephedrae), GGEx61 (Rhizoma Amorphophalli), GGEx62 (Herba Ephedrae + Rhizoma Amorphophalli). After mice were treated with GGEx for 8 weeks, we measured body weight gain, food intake, feeding efficiency ratio, rectal temperature, fat weight, plasma leptin and lipid levels. We also took micro-computerized axial tomography (micro-CT) on the mice. Results : 1. GGEx55 and GGEx62 groups significantly decreased body weight gain and feeding efficiency ratio compared with vehicle control. But they significantly increased rectal temperature. 2. Plasma total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol concentrations were significantly increased by GGEx55 groups, whereas were significantly decreased by GGEx62 groups compared with vehicle control. 3. GGEx55 and GGEx62 groups significantly decreased total, subcutaneous and visceral fat as well as fat areas in micro-CT analysis of abdomen compared with vehicle control. 4. Plasma GOT and GPT concentrations were significantly increased by GGEx55 groups compared with vehicle control. Conclusions : These results demonstrate that GGEx55 and GGEx62 effectively reduces body weight gain, feeding efficiency ratio in high fat diet induced obese mice, leading to the modulation of obesity. In addition, GGEx55 and GGEx62 decreases visceral adipose tissue mass and improves plasma lipids, suggesting that GGEx55 and GGEx62 may act as a therapeutic agent for obesity.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.31-46
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• 2016

Objectives In this study, the effects of Ja-eum-gang-hwa-tang (JGT) on the increase in airway epithelial mucosubstances of rats and ATP- or PMA- or EGF- or TNF-${\alpha}$-induced MUC5AC mucin production and gene expression from human airway epithelial cells were investigated. Materials and Methods Hypersecretion of airway mucus was produced by exposure of $SO_2$ to rats for 3 weeks. The effect of orally-administered JGT for 2 weeks on increased epithelial mucosubstances from tracheal goblet cells of rats was assessed by using histopathological analysis after staining the epithelial tissue with Hematoxylin-eosin and PAS-alcian blue. Possible cytotoxicity of JGT was assessed by investigating the potential damage on kidneys and liver functions by measuring serum GOT/GPT activities and serum BUN concentration of rats and the body weight gain during experiment. Also, the effect of JGT on ATP- or PMA- or EGF- or TNF-${\alpha}$-induced MUC5AC mucin production and gene expression from human airway epithelial cells (NCI-H292) were investigated. Confluent NCI-H292 cells were pretreated for 30 min in the presence of JGT and treated with ATP ($200{\mu}M$) or PMA ($10ng/ml$) or EGF ($25ng/ml$) or TNF-${\alpha}$ (0.2 nM) for 24 hrs to assess the effect of JGT both on ATP- or PMA- or EGF- or TNF-${\alpha}$-induced MUC5AC mucin production by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and on gene expression by the same inducers using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results (1) JGT decreased the amount of intraepithelial mucosubstances of trachea of rats. (2) JGT did not show any renal and hepatic toxicities, and did not affect body weights either. (3) JGT significantly inhibited ATP-, PMA-, EGF-, and TNF-${\alpha}$-induced MUC5AC mucin productions from NCI-H292 cells. (4) JGT inhibited EGF-, and PMA-induced expression levels of MUC5AC gene in NCI-H292 cells. However, ATP- and TNF-${\alpha}$-induced MUC5AC gene expression levels were not affected in NCI-H292 cells. Conclusions The result from the present study suggests that JGT might control the production and gene expression of airway mucin observed in various respiratory diseases which accompanied by mucus hypersecretion. Also, JGT did not show liver toxicity or impact on kidney functions. The effect of JGT should be further studied by using animal experimental models which can show proper pathophysiology of airway diseases.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제32권7호
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• pp.1076-1081
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• 2003

근육은 지속적인 수축운동 과정상에서 근육 세포내의 에너지원인 ATP가 고갈되고, 근육피로를 나타내는 물질이 축적되어 근력이 약해지고 피로도가 증가하게 된다. 지구력을 향상시키기 위하여 ATP의 합성 증가 및 근육내 피로 물질의 축적 방지 등이 요구되어지는데, 본 연구에서는 전통 생약재로부터 추출 증류한 조성물 JR-22를 이용하여 지구력 향상 효과를 확인하고자 하였다. JR-22를 4주간 실험 동물에게 투여한 이후 체중의 4-8%에 해당하는 무게를 부가하고 강제수영 시간을 통하여 지구력 향상효과를 확인한 결과 JR-22의 투여로 인하여 지구력이 향상되는 효과를 확인하였다 JR-22에 의한 지구력 향상효과의 기작을 관찰하기 위하여 체중의 4%에 해당하는 무게를 부가한 뒤 90분간 강제 수영시킨 실험 동물로부터 근육 피로 물질들과 근육내 ATP 함량을 측정한 결과 JR-22의 투여가 근육내 ATP 함량을 증가시키는 것으로 나타나 JR-22의 투여가 근육내 ATP를 증가시킴으로서 지구력을 향상시키는 효과를 나타내는 것으로 추측되었다. 또한 근육세포의 강화와 연관성이 있는 IGF-1과의 관련성을 알아보기 위하여 JR-22를 투여한 이후 혈액중의 IGF-1의 농도를 측정하였을 때도 JR-22에 의해서 유의성이 있는 IGF-1의 증가가 관찰되어 JR-22의 투여가 근력 강화에 도움을 줄 수 있다고 추측되었다. 이러한 운동 과정상에서 발생하는 체내의 산화적 손상은 JR-22의 투여를 통해 완화되고 있음을 확인하여 JR-22의 투여가 체내의 항산화력 증진에 도움을 줄 수 있는 것으로 추측되었다. 한편 JR-22를 4주 이상 투여하였을 경우에도 간독성 지표인 GOT, GPT를 비롯한 각종 혈액 생화학적 수치들의 변화가 나타나지 않았으며, 기타 이상 소견이 발견되지 않아 JR-22의 식용으로서의 안전성에도 문제가 없는 것으로 판단되었다. 이상의 결과에서 JR-22는 IGF-1의 증가 및 근육내 ATP 농도를 증가시킴으로서 지구력을 강화시키는 효과가 있을 뿐 아니라 운동시 발생하는 부작용중 하나인 산화적 손상을 억제시키는 항산화 효과 또한 겸비하고 있는 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.100-105
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• 2006

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of extruded pellet (EP) diets, as compared to a raw fish moist pellet (MP) diet for olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus, grown in commercial-scale aquaculture for 1 year. Four diets with duplication per diet were formulated for this experiment: two experimental EP diets (EP1 and EP2), one commercial EP diet (CEP), and a raw fish MP diet (MP). The MP diet consisted of 80% frozen horse mackerel and 20% commercial binder meal. Fish weighing $30.1{\pm}0.1 g$ ($mean{\pm}SD$) were distributed randomly to each aquarium as a group of 2,600 fish. Weight gain (WG) and feed efficiency ratio (FER) of fish fed EP2 and MP were higher (P<0.05) than those of fish fed CEP, while those of fish fed EP1 did not differ (P>0.05) from those fed EP2 and MP. However, fish fed the MP diet had a higher survival rate than fish fed the other diets. Fish fed EP2 had higher serum, phospholipids and total protein levels, and lower levels of serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (GPT), and total cholesterol than fish fed MP (P<0.05). Dorsal muscle and liver proteins and lipid of fish fed EP1 were higher (P<0.05) than those of fish fed CEP, while those of fish fed EP1 and MP did not differ from those of fish fed EP2 (P>0.05). These results strongly suggest that EP1 could be developed to replace MP for grow-out stage production of olive flounder without adverse effects on growth performance.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.173-179
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• 2017

죽염은 우리나라에서 전래되어온 전통적 민간 의방의 하나로서 소화기 장애의 치료제로 사용되었다. 또한 염증, 당뇨, 순환기 질환, 바이러스성 질환 및 암 등 여러 가지 병의 치료에 효과적이라고 알려져 있다. 죽염은 여러 가지 광물질을 함유하고 있어 가축의 사육과정에서 생산성 향상에 영향을 미칠 것으로 사료된다. 따라서 본 시험은 3회 구운 생활죽염을 사료에 첨가 급여할 때 육계의 생산성에 미치는 영향을 규명하기 위하여 기초사료에 죽염을 0.1%, 0.2% 및 0.3% 수준으로 첨가 급여하여 육계의 증체량, 사료섭취량, 사료요구율, 도체성분 및 혈액 성분에 미치는 영향을 분석하고자 사양시험을 실시하였으며, 본 시험에서 얻어진 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 육성전기에 생활죽염 첨가에 의한 증체량의 차이가 나타났으며 0.3% 첨가구인 T3구가 대조구에 비하여 9.6% 향상된 증체성적을 보였다. 사료요구율은 대조구에 비하여 죽염 0.3% 첨가구인 T3 처리구가 유의적으로 낮게 나타나, 약 2.6% 향상된 결과를 보였다(p<0.05). 또한 음수량과 분변 중 수분함량은 0.3% 죽염을 첨가 급여할 경우, 대조구에 비해 유의적(p<0.05)으로 증가하였으나, 닭가슴살의 일반성분, 복부지방함량 비율 및 혈액 성분은 죽염 첨가에 의한 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았다.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.73-81
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• 2002

Objective : in order to be convinced of improvement in quality of life in allergic rhinitis patients, I observed clinically remedical effect of Quingbixiaoyanwan-Derivatives(淸鼻消炎丸) on allergic rhinitis with a questionnaire. Methods : We treated forty five allergic patients at the Nam Chun Oriental Medical Hospital from October, 2001 to January, 2002. They were treated with Quingbixiaoyanwan-Derivatives(淸鼻消炎丸), nasal cleansing solution and dietary treatment, and the health-related quality of life with a questionnaire. Results : 1. The gender proportion was twenty five males(55.6%) and twenty females(44.4%); seven teenagers (15.6%); ten patients in their 20s(22.2%); twenty patients in their 30S(44.4%); six patients in their 40s(13.3%); two patients in over 50s (4.4%) 2. The duration of the disease: 0 case within six months; three cases for six months to one year (6.6%); fourteen cases for one year to five years(31.1%); twenty six cases for over five years(62.2%) 3. Major symptoms; forty three cases for watery rhinorrhea (95.5%); thirty one caess for nasal itching(68.8%); 91.1 cases for sneezing(41.0%);thirty nine cases for nasal obstruction (86.6%); sixteen cases for difficulty in smelling(35.5%);seventeen postnasal drip(37.7%);three bloody rhinorrhea (6.6%);fourteen cases for headaches(31.1%); nine cases for eyelid itching (60.0%). 4. Seasonal Distribution: perennial allergic rhinitis occurred as follows: 55.6% in winter; 13.3% in fall; 11.1 % in spring;2.2% in summer. 5. Other combined allergic symptoms; sixteen cases for allergic conjunctives (37.8%); eight cases for sinus(17.8%);four cases for atopic dermatitis (8.9%); three cases for bronchial asthma(6.7%); sixteen cases for none(35.6%) 6. After a specific prescription of Quingbixiaoyanwan-Derivatives(淸鼻消炎丸), nasal cleansing solution and dietary therapy, the quality of life in allergic rhinitis patients was improved to 20.27%, which was significantly.(P<0.001) 7. The specific treatment did not affect GOT/GPT and BUN/Creatinine. 8. The specific treatment did not influence the level of total IgE serum significantly. Conclusions : Based on the above results, I have concluded that the specific treatment of Quingbixiaoyanwan-Derivatives(淸鼻消炎丸), nasal cleansing solution and dietary therapy can improve the quality of life in allergic rhinitis patients.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.88-94
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• 2016

The study was carried out to examine the anti-obesity effects of 40% ethanol extract from green tea seed (GS) and quantitative determination of caffeine as its major compound. The specificity was satisfied with retention time and UV spectrum by analysis of caffeine using HPLC and comparison with standard compound. It showed a high linearity in the calibration curve with a coefficient of correlation (R²) of 0.9974. The amount of caffeine in GS was about 4.649 mg/g (0.465%) in the three times analysis, and relative standard deviation (RSD) was less than 0.452% by the validated method. The anti-obesity effects of GS were evaluated by using Oil Red O staining in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and body weight, visceral fat and lipid profiles in high fat diet (HFD)-induced C57BL/6 obese mice. Our results indicated that treatment with GS dose-dependently decreased lipid accumulation contents (p<0.001). Moreover, after oral administration for 30 days feeding with HFD-induced obses mice, GS (100 and 300 mg/kg/day) produced a significant decrease in serum total cholesterol (TC), glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT) and visceral fat. Thus, the result of this study indicate that the GS may be a useful resource for the management of obesity.

• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.141-153
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• 2006

In order to study the changes in hematology and serum chemistry of rats injected with glycerol, Sprague-Dawley albino rats weighing 240 to 260 gm were injected intramuscularly with a 50% solution of glycerol(8ml/kg). We measured the values of hematology and serum chemistry, and compared the measured values of S1 group(passed for 1day after injection of glycerol), S2 group(passed for 2days after injection of glycerol), S3 group(passed for 3days after injection of glycerol), S4 group(passed for 3days after injection of glycerol) and S5 group(passed for 4days after injection of glycerol) with those of Normal group(non-treated group). The results are summarized as follows : 1. In body temperature, S1, S2, S4 groups showed significantly higher compared with Normal group, especially S2 group was higher than S1 group(p<0.05). But S5 group was lower than Normal group(p<0.05). 2. In RBC, S1 group was lower than Normal group(p<0.05). And in Hct, S1, S2, S3 groups were lower than Normal group(p<0.05), in Hb, S1 and S3 groups were lower than Normal group(p<0.05). 3. In WBC, S1, S2 groups were higher than Normal group(p<0.05). and in WBC differential count, S2, S3, S5 groups were higher than N, S1, S4 groups in monocyte(p<0.05). 4. In GOT, S1 group was higher than Normal group(p<0.05), and S2, S3, S4, S5 groups were lower than S1 group(p<0.05). In GPT, S1 group was higher than Normal group(p<0.05), and S2, S3 groups were lower than S1 group(p<0.05), S4, S5 groups were lower than N, S1, S2, S3 groups(p<0.05). 5. In total cholesterol and creatinine, S4 group was higher than Normal group(p<0.05). According to the above experimental results, we could find the anemia, inflamation, damage of renal function for 4 days by intramuscularly injection with a 50% solution of glycerol(8ml/kg) in rat.

• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.41-58
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• 2009

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Hyolbuchukeo-tang extracts on the hyperlipidemia rats induced by high fat diet. Methods and Materials: In vitro; The extracts prepared for Hyolbuchukeo-tang by hot water extraction (HH), fermentation(HF) and UMPM extraction(HU) method. The extracts were examined for levels of polyphenol compounds, antioxidant activities, and inhibitory potencies for HMG-CoA reductase. In vivo; Sprague-Dawley male rats of weighing $150{\pm}5g$ were randomly divided into six groups ; normal control diet(NC), and high fat diet(HC), high fat diet with treated lovastatin of 10mg/kg(PC), high fat diet with Hyolbuchukeo-tang extracts; HH, HF and HU treated extracts of 300mg/kg, respectively. Also, we compared the effects of the extracts of HH, HF and HU on rats fed high fat diet for four weeks. Results: 1. The content of polyphenol compounds and electron donating abilities(EDAs) was the HF higher than HH and HU. The superoxide dismutase(SOD)-like activities were proportionate in consistency and they appeared highly from all extracts. The HMG-CoA reductase inhibition activities was highest activities in the HU. 2. The activities of serum GOT and GPT were significantly lower in the HH and HF groups. The level of serum triglyceride was significantly decreased in the HF group. HH and HU groups were significantly decreased in the atherogenic index(AI). The total cholesterol concentration in liver was significantly decreased in the HF group, and HU showed more significantly decreased in the triglyceride than of the lovastatin. Also, photomicrographs of liver tissue showed higher fat accumulation in the HC group than in the HH, HF and HU groups. Conclusions: These result suggest that the hyper-lipidemia caused by a high fat diet was effectively inhibited the administration of HF and HU.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.529-534
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• 2007

계란 섭취 수준이 흰쥐의 지질대사 및 혈청의 단백질, 무기질, 혈당 농도 및 효소활성에 미치는 영향을 조사하고자, 성숙한 숫쥐를 대조식이군, 대조식이에 계란 분말을 5, 10 및 15%씩 혼합한 식이군(5, 10 및 15% 계란군)등 4군으로 나누어 4주간 사육한 결과는 다음과 같다. 실험동물의 체중증가량은 대조군에 비해 계란군들이 유의성 있는 차이는 나타나지 않았다. 간의 무게 및 간조직의 콜레스테롤과 중성지질 함량은 대조군에 비해 5, 10 및 15% 계란군들이 유의하게 증가되었다. 신장과 부고환 지방의 무게는 대조군과 계란군들이 비슷하였다. 혈청의 중성지질, 총 콜레스테롤, HDL-콜레스테롤 및 LDL+VLDL-콜레스테롤 농도는 대조군에 비해 각 수준별 계란군이 유의성 있는 차이는 나타나지 않았다. 총 콜레스테롤에 대한 HDL-콜레스테롤의 비율은 5% 계란군이 15% 계란군 보다 유의하게 증가되었고, 동맥경화지수는 5% 계란군이 10 및 15% 계란군 보다 유의하게 낮추는 것으로 나타났다. 혈청의 총 단백질과 알부민 농도는 대조군에 비해 및 10 및 15% 계란군이 유의하게 증가되었다. 혈청의 요소질소, 크레아티닌, 혈당, 혈색소 농도 및 효소활성은 계란섭취에 의한 영향은 나타나지 않았다. 혈청의 칼슘 농도는 대조군에 비해 계란 섭취군들이 유의하게 증가되었다.