• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.783-788
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• 2004

Marker proteins of genetically-modified organisms (GMO) and their antibodies were prepared and characterized as major components of an analytical system. We selected two GMO markers, neomycin phosphotransferase II and 5- enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase, and produced them from E. coli employing genetic recombination technology. After purification, their structural conformation and binding affinities to the respective antibodies were characterized. The results showed that the recombinant proteins were identical with commercially obtained reference proteins. We further used them as immunogens to raise polyclonal antibodies capable of discriminating GMO containing protein from non-GMO. Well-characterized marker proteins and antibodies will be valuable as immunoreagents in constructing analytical systems such as biosensors and biochips to measure quantities of GMO.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.791-799
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• 2016

Purpose: The objective of this study was to determine the effects of genetically modified (GM) food promotion and education through the blog. Methods: Education program for consumer-oriented GM foods by the blog was developed and survey was performed by the visitors for totals of twelve weeks. The blog was formed by information (definition, mark etc.) offering style and named as "Correct knowing of genetically modified organisms (GMO)." Event was held to enhance the promotion of the blog from the week 9 to week 12. Results: Visitors of the final week increased 4 times, as compared to those of the starting the event week 9. Most of the 138 consumers (94.5%) did not have prior GMO education experience. The 97 consumers aged 20 years old showed significantly the highest ratios in the experience of blog or website (p<0.01). Comparing before and after the blog education, notification on GM foods and willingness to buy GMO products, the benefit of GMO, willingness to check GMO mark when buying GMO products showed positive change of GM foods (p<0.05). Conclusion: Over 80% answered that the blog helped to understand the GM foods. Thus, we conclude using blog is effective way of GM food promotion and education and continuous efforts are needed to maintain an active blog for the consumer's rights of knowledge about GM foods.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.49-57
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• 2001

We performed to evaluate the safety of GMOs for a long term exposure in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. In this study, groups often or fifteen SD rats were fed one of the following four diets for 90 days: (1) AIN-76A rodent diet only; (2) AIN-76A rodent diet containing 5% genetically modified soybean from USA; (3) AIN-76A rodent diet containing 5% genetically non-modified soybean from USA; (4) AIN-76A rodent diet containing 5% genetically non-modified soybean from Korea. The effects of AIN-76A rodent diet containing genetically modified soybean on body weights, food uptake, water consumption, hematology, serum bio-chemistry, urinalysis, organ weights, gross findings and histopathological findings were not significantly different, compared with others. Taken together, these results suggested that genetically modified soybean did not induce any toxic effects in rats treated for 90 days.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.24-29
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• 2001

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.89-102
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• 2002

Genetically modified foods may be defined as the foods deemed as safe by current technology among the many kinds of agricultural and stockbreeding products that are now under research and development using contemporary gene-modification techniques. This study examines hotly debated arguments, both for and against genetically modified- foods, in various countries. This study also investigates consumers'rights and responsibilities. Countries that are developing and exporting genetically modified organisms(GMO) have maintained that GMO can help produce more crops while reducing labor and other production-related costs, and that the genetically modified foods signify ″the second green revolution,″ which will solve future food and environmental problems by strengthening specific nutritive substances and extending shelf-life. But consumer groups, environmental organizations. and food-importing countries are more cautious about importing and consuming those foods because the potential dangers of GMO to human bodies and the environment have not been tested thoroughly yet. South Korea, following suit with others such as EU, Japan, Australia, and New Zealand, introduced a law on 'Labeling of Genetically Modified Foods', which went in effect in March, 2001, on the basis of customers'rights to make informed choices. The law takes the ″precautionary principle″ into consideration, rather than stopping at insuring ″substantial equivalence″ in developing and consuming GM foods. The actual impact of the law will depend on the level of citizens'Participation more than on the government's willingness to carry out the law. So far the level of Korean consumers'consciousness about genetically modified foods is very low. Therefore, it is hard to expect consumers to exercise their ″rights not to buy″ foods that are potentially unsafe. The Korean government must devise an effective plan to inform and educate the people about the labeling of genetically modified foods.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.6-13
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• 2003

Various kinds of genetically modified organisms (GMO) and processed foods have been developed during recent years. Genetically modified organisms can be classified into several groups as their development methods. Generally, GMO has three foreign DNA regions such as gene expression adjustment region(Promoter), termination region (terminator) and structure gene. Detection of these regions can be done particularly by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). PCR-based detection can virtually be performed for any GMO within short of time. The most important prerequisite for the application of PCR-based detection is to decide abstraction method of efficient nucleic acids. Specially, in the case of processed food, because nucleic acids of foodstuffs are damaged by heat treatment (sterilization), pressure and fermentation, DNA must be extracted ken the samples prior to PCR analysis. Although many DNA extraction protocols are available, they have rarely been compared in a comprehensive method. In this study low widely used commercial and non-commercial DNA extraction methods-DNeasy$^{TM}$, Wizard$^{TM}$, CTAB, phenol/chloroform system-were compared with respect to the quality and yield of nucleic acids and insertion genes.nes.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.201-206
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• 2021

To ensure the safety of developing or importing genetically modified organisms (GMOs), Korea has enacted the "LMO Act." Accordingly, the safety of using GMOs as food or feed is evaluated in accordance with the concept of "substantial equivalence" proposed by OECD. The allergenicity of GMOs is assessed as a part of their safety evaluation. The methods of allergenicity assessment have been discussed by various international organizations, such as the OECD, FAO, and WHO. The main methods used for the allergenicity assessment of proteins newly expressed in GMOs include assessment of the physicochemical stability of these proteins, evaluation of their amino acid homology with existing allergenic proteins, and serum screening. In this study, we describe guidelines and related studies for the allergenicity assessment of GM crops.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.498-502
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• 2004

The current study was conducted to monitor the possibility of the gene transfer among soil bacteria, including the effect of drift due to rain and surface water, in relation to the release of genetically modified organisms into the environment. Four types of bacteria, each with a distinct antibiotic marker, kanamycin-resistant P. fluorescens, rifampicin-resistant P. putida, chloramphenicol-resistant B. subtilis, and spectinomycin-resistant B. subtilis, were plated using a small-scale soil-core device designed to track drifting microorganisms. After three weeks of culture in the device, no Pseudomonas colonies resistant to both kanamycin and rifampicin were found. Likewise, no Bacillus colonies resistant to both chloramphenicol and spectinomycin were found. The gene transfer from glyphosate-tolerant soybeans to soil bacteria, including Rhizobium spp. as a symbiotic bacteria, was examined by hybridization using the DNA extracted from soil taken from pots, in which glyphosate-tolerant soybeans had been growing for 6 months. The results showed that 35S, T-nos, and EPSPS were observed in the positive control, but not in the DNA extracted from the soilborne microorganisms. In addition, no transgenes, such as the 35S promoter, T-nos, and EPSPS introduced into the GMO soybeans were detected in soilborne bacteria, Rhizobium leguminosarum, thereby strongly rejecting the possibility of gene transfer from the GMO soybeans to the bacterium.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.175-189
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• 2005

This study analyzed the degree of demand for genetically modified organisms(GMOs) to provide the basic information for consumers' reasonable purchase decision making and their right to know about GMOs. Based on the (Ed-there are no study results above) study results, the following suggestion were made. First, throughout the survey, it was found that those consumers who participated had a high level of perception on the harm of GMOs. Therefore, reliable organizations such as government agencies are required to present the results of safety tests and formulate plans related to the safety of GMOs. Second, the average score on consumers' level of consumer knowledge on GMOs was very low, being 1.68 out of a possible 8 points. Third, since women and housewives engaged in dietary habits and food had high demand for information on GMOs, it is necessary to provide women with information on GMOs. Fourth, since it is difficult to confirm the presence or absence of GMOs. in rapidly increasing demand for fast-food, it is necessary that consumers be provided with relevant information and make a reasonable judgement in purchasing food. Fifth, it is necessary to provide detailed regulations and measures for concrete contents and directions of information on GMOs. Sixth, it is necessary to provid information on GMOs from the commercial sources of information that are most preferred by consumers.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.220-222
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• 2003

Legislation enacted worldwide to regulate the content of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) in crops, foods, and ingredients, reliable and sensitive methods for GMO detection have been developed. Proteins produced in GMO plants can be determined by qualitative and quantitative analyses and thus GMO designation has performed exactly. Target proteins selected in this study were neomycin phosphotransferase II (NPTII), 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (CP4 EPSPS), cucumber mosaic virus(CMV), and phosphinothricin acetyltransferase (PAT). Analytical method employing western blotting was used for final characterization.