• 한국지진공학회논문집
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.229-238
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• 2015

For small-size reinforce-concrete buildings, Midas Gen, OpenSees, and Perform-3D, which are structural analysis programs that are most popularly used at present, were applied for nonlinear static pushover analysis, and then difference between those programs was analyzed. Example buildings were limited to 2-story frames with irregular shaped walls. Analysis result showed that there were more differences than for frames only and frames with rectangular walls, but it was not so significant. Nevertheless, the capacity curve were different in some buildings, which is attributed to shape and location of walls, and feature of the analysis program. Especially, selection of automatic or manual input in Midas Gen, or nonlinear wall elements in Perform3D can affect the capacity curve and performance of the buildings. Therefore, the program users should understand the feature of the program well, and then conduct performance assessment. The result of this study is limited to low-story buildings so that it should be noted that it is possible to get different results for mid- to high-rise buildings.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.210-216
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• 2003

This study examined the existence of genetically diverse population of Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), known as quasispecies, from lily, Nicotiana benthamiana and from purified virions. Based on the conserved sequences of CMV lily isolates in intergenic region (IR) on RNA3, the genetic variation of IR from three different sources was investigated by a specific restriction endonuclease hydrolysis of amplified reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) products using virus-specific primers, and was compared with IR sequences. The IR nucleotide sequences of CMV lily isolates were highly conserved, however, quasispecies was detected from all three sources in low level, containing sub-populations of RNA3. These subpopulations of RNA3 were inoculated onto zucchini squash by in vitro transcripts from corresponding full-length cDNA clones together with Eny RNA1 and 2 transcripts. The systemic symptom of zucchini plants infected by these quasispecies was chlorotic spotting, which was milder than severe mosaic and stunt symptom caused by Eny-CMV. The severity of symptom was correlated with RNA accumulation of viruses. These results suggest that the genome of CMV lily isolates consists of quasispecies populations.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.351-359
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• 2016

The Korean Prototype Gen-IV sodium-cooled fast reactor (PGSFR) is supposed to be loaded with a relatively-costly low-enriched U fuel, while its envisaged transuranic fuels are not available for transmutation. In this work, the U-enrichment reduction by improving the neutron economy is pursued to save the fuel cost. To improve the neutron economy of the core, a new reflector material, PbO, has been introduced to replace the conventional HT9 reflector in the current PGSFR core. Two types of PbO reflectors are considered: one is the conventional pin-type and the other one is an inverted configuration. The inverted PbO reflector design is intended to maximize the PbO volume fraction in the reflector assembly. In addition, the core radial configuration is also modified to maximize the performance of the PbO reflector. For the baseline PGSFR core with several reflector options, the U enrichment requirement has been analyzed and the fuel depletion analysis is performed to derive the equilibrium cycle parameters. The linear reactivity model is used to determine the equilibrium cycle performances of the core. Impacts of the new PbO reflectors are characterized in terms of the cycle length, neutron leakage, radial power distribution, and operational fuel cost.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.34-36
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• 2007

Introduction of vegetatively propagated Petunia hybrids since 1992 led to increasing virus infections of propagation material. Petunia hybrid 'Surfinia' cultivated for pot-plant showed yellowing symptom along with stunt. Flowers were smaller in size and showed color-break symptom. Tobacco mosaic virus(TMV-pet) was isolated from the diseased petunia. Healthy petunia plants inoculated with TMV-pet induced mottle on leaves and color-break on flowers, and plants were stunted. Nucleotide sequences of coat protein gene amplified from RNA prepared from Nicotiana tabacum cv. Samsun infected with TMV-pet were determined(GenBank accession no. DQ981481). It showed 99.0% nucleotide sequence homology with TMV-potato3-2(GenBank accession no. AF318215) isolated from potato showing yellow mosaic and stunt symptom, and with a TMV Korean strain(GenBank accession no. X68110). This is the first reported observation of TMV from vegetatively propagated petunia in Korea.

• 한국식물병리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국식물병리학회 2003년도 정기총회 및 추계학술발표회
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• pp.144.2-145
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• 2003

This study was performed to investigate the incidence of Hosta uirus X (HVX), a Potexvirus, from cultivated hosta ornamental plants in Korea and to ascertain seed transmission of the virus from infected parent plant to progeny ones for breeding program of hosta plants. Infection rate of HVX in cultivated hostas was 25.6 ％ (11 out of 43 collected samples contained HVX) based on Western blot and RT-PCR detection methods. Most of HVX-infected hostas showed visible systemic leaf symptoms (mosaic, mottle, curling, stunting or combinations). Variability of HVX was confirmed by sequences of coat protein gene of individual isolates from different hostas. HVX was seed-transmitted on Hosta 'Blue Cadet'. The virus was detected from seeds, and sprouts and seedlings from the virus-contaminated seed sources. Over 7.5 ％ of seeds were HVX-contaminated surveyed in this study, Our data suggest that HVX can be transmitted by seed source, and indexing of the virus should be done for breeding program of Hosta.

• 한국식물병리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국식물병리학회 2003년도 정기총회 및 추계학술발표회
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• pp.147.2-148
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• 2003

Complete nucleotide sequence of genome RNA of a Korean isolate of Pepper mottle virus (PepMoV-Vb) from field-collected diseased paprika (Capsicum annuum var grossum) was determined in this study. Symptoms of isolates of PepMoV were divided largely into two groups, vein banding (Vb) and vein clearing (Vc) patterns. PepMoV-Vb RNA consists of 9,640 nucleotides excluding the poly(A) tail. A single open reading frame was identified beginning at nucleotide position 169 encoding a polyprotein of 3024 amino acids which is typical of the Potyvirus genus. The complete nucleotide sequence and coding regions of PepMoV-Vb were compared to that of 11 potyviruses within the genus Potyvirus. The overall nucleotide sequence identity was 94.7 and 94.1％ identical to PepMoV-C and PepMoV-FL, respectively. Full-length cDNAs of PepMoV-Vbl were synthesized from purified viral RNAs by RT-PCR and their genome structure was analysed by RFLP analysis. This is the first report on complete nucleotide sequence of PepMoV isolated from paprika in Korea.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.302-307
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• 2004

Three pairs of specific primers were developed for rapid and precise RT-PCR detection of three seed-transmissible viruses, namely Peanut clump virus (PCV, Pecluvirus), White clover mosaic virus (WCIMV, Potexvirus) and Carrot red leaf virus (CaRLV, Luteovirus). Each primer set was found in conserved region through multiple sequence alignment in the DNAMAN. Total nucleic acids extracted from PCV-, WCMV-, and CaRLV-infected seeds and healthy plants were used for RT-PCR detection using each virus-specific primer, Sizes of PCV, WCIMV, and CaRLV PCR products were 617bp (PCV-uni5 and PCV-uni3 primers), 561bp (WCMV-CP5 and WCMV-CP3 primers), and 626bp (CL1-UP and CL2-DN primers); which corresponded to the target sizes. Nucleotides sequences of each amplified cDNA were confirmed which belonged to the original virus. This study suggests that these virus-specific primer sets can specifically amplify viral sequences in infected seeds. Thus, they can be used for specific detection of three viruses (PCV, WCMV and CaRLV) from imported seed samples for plant quarantine service.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.85-93
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• 2023

Purpose: This research is intended to analyze how distribution of brand communication of a Soft Drink brand on brand image mediated through electronic word of mouth on packaged carbonated drink in Indonesian Gen-Z. This research also aims to find out how electronic word of mouth can have a role in creating a brand image for Indonesia Gen-Z. Research design, data and methodology: This research is using a quantitative approach with purposive sampling technique, a survey was conduct online and the number of samples being 384 responders who are spread all over Indonesia. The questionnaire construct was designed based on several variables, such as brand communication, brand image, and e-WOM. E-WOM was positioned as a mediating variable in this research. Brand Communication indicators consist of event and experience, public relation and publicity, direct marketing and personal selling. Meanwhile brand image consists of Attributes, Benefits, and Attitudes. E-WOM indicators consist of intensity, balance of opinion, and content. Results: The result of this research being (1) There is a significant influence between brand communication and brand image. (2) There is a significant influence between brand communication and electronic word-of-mouth. And (3) There is a significant influence between brand communication and brand image mediated through electronic word-of-mouth. Conclusion: The findings of this research prove that there is significant influence between brand communication, brand image and electronic word-of-mouth, this study also provide several information about how other factor affect the distribution of brand communication.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.97-106
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• 2015

본 논문에서는 DIRCM의 개발단계에서 수행하는 기만 성능검증을 위한 시뮬레이터인 위협체모사기 구축에 관한 내용에 대해 기술한다. 기존의 PC기반의 성능분석 시뮬레이터와 달리 본 연구에서 개발된 위협체모사기는 DIRCM의 레이저를 실제 운용하는 거리에서 직접 조사하는 방식으로 실제 환경에서 기만효과를 정확히 분석 할 수 있다. 또한, 실험실에서 시준기를 통해 레이저를 조사하는 방식의 기만효과 시험도 가능하도록 개발하여 기만코드 개발에 필요한 시간과 비용을 절약할 수 있도록 하였다. 본 연구에서 개발한 위협체모사기는 실제 1,2세대 탐색기와 같은 F넘버와 같은 구조의 반사광학계로 개발하였다. 그리고 코드재밍 기법에 대한 성능분석 기능과 4세대 이상의 탐색기에 적용되는 면형검출기의 포화기만 분석도 가능한 구조로 개발하였다. 실험결과, 1,2세대 모의위협체는 정확한 추적성능과 기만효과를 나타내었다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.150-161
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• 2020

소비의 주축으로 주목받고 있는 Z세대는 10대 후반에서 20대 초반의 연령대로서 80% 이상이 유튜브 콘텐츠를 이용하고 있다. 본 연구는 Z세대가 유튜브 콘텐츠에서 어떻게 몰입을 느끼는지 그 요인을 알아내고자 하였다. 배경연구에서 몰입에 대해 고찰을 하고 몰입의 인지조건인 현실감, 매혹감, 제어감, 추동감을 분석 프레임으로 설정하였다. 사례연구에서는 분석 프레임을 통해 Z세대들이 가장 많이 즐기는 유튜브 채널들을 카테고리별로 분석하여 몰입의 3가지 주요 요인, 현실감, 오감자극, 솔직함을 밝혀내었다. 각 요인별 특징들을 8가지로 세분화하여 유효성을 검증하고 카테고리별 차이점을 밝히고자 Z세대들을 대상으로 설문조사를 하였다. 피험자들은 각 몰입요인의 특징이 자신이 가장 즐겨보는 채널을 기준으로 어느 정도 해당하는지를 5점 척도로 답하였고 결과로서 총 7가지 특징, 배경의 친숙함, 진행의 리얼리티, 소재의 친숙함, 유투버의 외모, 목소리, 시청각/대리미각, 시청자와 비슷한 유투버의 능력에 대해서 사용자의 50% 이상 몰입에 영향을 준다고 답하였다. 카테고리별 차이는 크게 나타나지 않았지만 엔터테인먼트 카테고리에서는 소재의 친숙성과 오감자극(유투버의 외모, 목소리, 시청각/대리미각)이 두드러지게 중요한 요인으로 나타났다. 이 연구 결과는 Z세대를 대상으로 한 영상 콘텐츠를 생산하는데 중요한 기준이 될 것이라 기대한다.