• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.121-126
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• 2007

This paper describes a 9.09 Gb/s CMOS demultiplexer using redundant multi-valued logic (RMVL). The proposed circuit receives serial binary data and is converted to parallel redundant multi-valued data using RMVL. The converted data are reconverted to parallel binary data. By the redundant multi-valued data conversion, the RMVL makes it possible to achieve higher operating speeds than that of a conventional binary logic. The implemented demultiplexer consists of eight integrators. Each integrator is composed of an accumulator, a window comparator, a decoder and a D flip flop. The demultiplexer is designed with Samsung $0.35{\mu}m$ standard CMOS process. The validity and effectiveness are verified through the post layout simulation. The demultiplexer is achieved the maximum data rate of 9.09 Gb/s and the average power consumption of 69.93 mW. This circuit is expected to operate at higher speed than 9.09 Gb/s in the deep-submicron process of the high operating frequency.

• The Journal of the Petrological Society of Korea
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.101-109
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• 2003

The wavy extinction of quartz can be used as a standard indicator showing the degree of rock deformation. In determine the degree of rock deformation, the intensity of wavy extinction (IWE) of quartz was measured using polarizing microscope, digital camera, and NIH Image program. This method was applied to the granite of Pocheon-Gisanri area, which are divided three type; biotite granite (Gb), garnet biotite granite (Ggb) and two mica granite (Gtm). In this study, measurement of wavy extinction was proceeded Ggb in eastern part and Gb in western part based on the Pocheoneup. The result was that Gb shows low deformation degree below D2, and Ggb represents high deformation degree above D3, generally showing that increasing deformation degree from northwest to southeast in the studied area. It is suggested that the fault which penetrated Ggb in 1/250,000 geological map affected the deformation degree of Ggb.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.46 no.10
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• pp.79-85
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• 2009

The design of a 3.2 Gb/s serial link receiver in $0.18{\mu}m$ CMOS process is presented. The major factors limiting the performance of high-speed links are transmission channel bandwidth, timing uncertainty. The design uses a multi-level signaling(4-PAM) to overcome these problems. Moreover, to increase data bit-rate and lower BER, we designed this circuit by using a current mode amplifier, Current-mode Logic(CML) sampling latches. The 4-PAM receiver achieves 3.2 Gb/s and BER is less than $1.0\;{\times}\;10^{-12}$. The $0.5\;{\times}\;0.6\;mm^2$ chip consumes 49 mA at 3.2 Gb/s from a 1.8-V supply.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.233-239
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• 2004

This study was designed to quantitative assay of cellular receptor globotriosyl ceramide($Gb_3$) and globotetraosyl ceramide($Gb_4$) and to determine binding affinity of the receptors for Shigatoxin 2e in difference with day olds of pig. The amount of $Gb_3$ and $Gb_4$ extracted from each swine tissue were detected in order of spleen, ileocecum, kidney, and jejunum. The amount of $Gb_3$ and $Gb_4$ extracted from each swine ileocecum and jejunum in different day old swine were detected in order of 24, 6, 98, 12 and 35, but the difference of amount was not significant. The binding affinity of $Gb_4$ extracted from ileocecum and jejunum with different day old swine for Stx2e were shown that the extracts of 24, 12, and 35 days old swine were higher significantly than that of 6 and 98 days old swine.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2013.10a
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• pp.357-360
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• 2013

A 1.8V 2-Gb/s scalable low voltage signaling (SLVS) transmitter (TX) is designed for mobile applications requiring high speed and low power consumption. It consists of 4-lane TX for data transmission, 1-lane TX for a source synchronous clocking, and a 8-phase clock generator. The proposed SLVS TX has the scaling voltage swing from 50 mV to 650 mV and supports a high speed (HS) mode and a low power (LP) mode. An output impedance calibration scheme for the SVLS TX is proposed to improve the signal integrity. The proposed SLVS TX is implemented by using a $0.18-{\mu}m$ 1-poly 6-metal CMOS with a 1.8V supply. The simulated data jitter of the implemented SLVS TX is about 8.04 ps at the data rate of 2-Gbps. The area and power consumption of the 1-lane of the proposed SLVS TX are $422{\times}474{\mu}m^2$ and 5.35 mW/Gb/s, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.107-123
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• 2010

Objective & Methods: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of Artemisiae Capillaris Herba herbal-acupuncture (ACH-HA) at GB34 (Yangleungchean) on hyperlipidemia induced with alloxan injection and high fat diet in rats. The author performed several experimental items to analyze the levels of various components and enzymes in serum, liver, as well as the histological changes of liver and aorta. Results: 1. ACH-HA solution increased the DPPH radical scavenging activity in rat liver cells. 2. ACH-HA at GB34 significantly decreased the levels of serum total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol, free cholesterol and atherogenic index (AI), while significantly increased the ratios of high-density lipoprotein (HDL)/total cholesterol and phospholipid/total cholesterol in hyperlipidemic rats. 3. ACH-HA at GB34 significantly decreased serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) level in hyperlipidemic rats. 4. ACH-HA at GB34 significantly increased hepatic glutathione (GSH) activity in hyperlipidemic rats. Conclusion: From the above results, it is suggested that ACH-HA at GB34 may have therapeutic and preventive effects on hyperlipidemia.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.63-70
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• 2023

Purpose : Excessive alcohol causes damage to skeletal muscles, leading to the development of a specific disease entity called alcoholic myopathy. Chronic inflammation is related as an underlying mechanism for the loss of muscle mass induced by alcohol. Pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor-α) and IL-6 (interleukin-6) play a role in this process. The acupuncture point Feng Shi (GB 31) is located on the midline of the lateral aspect of the thigh, above the transverse popliteal crease. This acupoint is used for the treatment of weakness, atrophy, numbness, and post-stroke symptoms of lower limbs. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Feng Shi stimulation on muscle atrophy caused by chronic alcohol administration. Method : Young male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups of eight each: Normal, Control, and GB31. The rats in the Control and GB31 groups were orally given 25 % ethanol (5 ㎖/kg, body weight) daily for 4 weeks. The Normal group was similarly administered saline. The acupressure at Feng Shi was treated to rats in the GB31 group. After 4 weeks, the body weight, muscle weight and cross-sectional area of gastrocnemius were assessed and the histological changes in gastrocnemius muscle fiber were observed by hematoxylin and eosin staining. Moreover, TNF-α and IL-6 expressions were immunohistochemistrically evaluated. Results : Acupressure stimulation at Feng Shi had a protective effect on the weight reduction of the gastrocnemius muscle caused by alcohol intake, and had an effect of suppressing anatomical change in muscle fiber and decreasing the average cross-sectional area. Also, the immunoreactivities of TNF-α and IL-6 in the GB31 group were decreased. Conclusion : These results suggest that acupressure at Feng Shi has protective effects on chronic alcohol-induced muscle atrophy by inhibiting pre-inflammatory proteins such as TNF-α and IL-6.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.267-276
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• 2015

The gallbladder(GB) polyps have malignant potential and nowadays are increasing due to the extended use of ultrasonography. Even though there are various reports on the risk of GB polyps, there is few study on the relationship between the presence of metabolic syndrome including serum biochemistry, lifestyle and the development of gallbladder polyps in korean population. The aim of this study is to establish a relationship between the presence of metabolic syndrome including serum biochemistry and the development of gallbladder polyps in korean population. This study conducted on 151 men and 167 women who visited a musculoskeletal hospital in Gyeonggido to have an ultrasound scan of the abdomen from November 2, 2012 to January 31, 2014. They are randomly selected to evaluate the prevalence risk factors were analyzed by comparing various variables between the GB polyp positive and negative. The collected data were analyzed using the personal computer program SPSS version 20.0 for windows. The mean size of the GB polyps was 3.92mm in diameter. Size of GB polyps were less than 10mm in diameter. As to frequency in the people with the GB polyps, the number of patients with the GB polyps was 184(57.9%): the number of metabolic syndrome of them was 114(26.4%); these results showed that risk of the GB polyps got higher at patients with metabolic syndrome. As to the risk of the GB polyps, people with the GB polyps had significantly higher risk than those without the GB polyps, as follows: The risk was significantly 1.061 times higher by weight; 1.186 by BMI; 1.060 by systolic blood pressure; 1.030 by diastolic blood pressure; 1,009 by Total cholesterol; 2.736 by metabolic syndrome; 1.011 by blood sugar on an empty stomach; 1.064 by ESR. The risk factors of GB polyps were found to be weight, BMI, total cholesterol, Triglycerol, Glucose, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, ESR and metabolic syndrome. This study has a possibility to be used an indicator to identify the GB polyps, and in the future larger-scale study will have to be conducted to objectify it.

• Proceedings of the Optical Society of Korea Conference
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• 1999.08a
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• pp.92-93
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• 1999

• Proceedings of the Materials Research Society of Korea Conference
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• 1996.05a
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• pp.4-4
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• 1996