근감소증 성인의 신체 기능 분석 (A Study on the Analysis of Physical Function in Adults with Sarcopenia)
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- 대한통합의학회지
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- 제8권2호
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- pp.199-209
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- 2020
Purpose : This study used a sarcopenia diagnostic algorithm proposed by the Asia working group in adults over 50 to diagnose sarcopenia and analyze body function. The purpose of this study is to prepare basic data for the management and prevention of sarcopenia. Methods : We performed a diagnostic evaluation of sarcopenia in 97 adults over the age of 50 years with the cooperation of the Seongnam senior experience complex in Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do. As a result of the diagnostic process, 24 subjects were placed into the sarcopenia group, while 73 subjects were placed into the normal group. We measured each subject's body, performed the timed up and go test to evaluate functional mobility, and conducted a questionnaire on the pre-symptom of locomotive syndrome and locomotive syndrome. Results : There were statistically significant differences in height, weight, and skeletal muscle mass between the two groups. There was also a statistically significant difference in the timed up and go test, which confirmed the difference in functional mobility between the two groups. In addition, there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups in the proportion and the mean score of subjects with pre-symptom of locomotive syndrome and locomotive syndrome. In the correlation analysis, grip strength was statistically significantly correlated with height, weight, skeletal muscle mass, waist circumference, timed up and go test, pre-symptom of locomotive syndrome and locomotive syndrome. Gait speed was significantly correlated with the timed up and go test and locomotive syndrome. Appendicular skeletal muscle index was significantly correlated with height, weight, waist circumference, hip circumference, and the pre-symptom of locomotive syndrome. Conclusion : In conclusion, sarcopenia is closely related to height, weight, skeletal muscle mass and functional mobility, as well as the pre-symptom of locomotive syndrome and, locomotive syndrome. In consideration of this, the prevention and management of sarcopenia should be made accordingly.
본 연구는 u-health system을 활용하여 대사증후군을 관리하고 위험인자, 신체구성, 체력의 변화를 검증하는데 그 목적이 있다. 남녀 노인 46명(남 24명; 여 22명)을 대상으로, 재택 개별 운동군과 u-health system 활용군으로 분류하였으며, 실험군과 대조군은 대사증후군 위험인자, 신체구성, 체력 검사를 실시한 후, 각각의 중재방법을 실시하고 12주 후에 같은 검사를 실시하였다. 대사증후군 지표는 남성과 여성 모두 혈당과 허리둘레에서 유의한 상호작용이 나타났다. 신체구성은 남성에서는 체중, 근육량, 체지방량, 체지방율, BMI에서 유의한 상호작용이 나타났으며, 여성의 경우 남성과 달리 근육량에서만 상호작용이 나타났다. 체력에서는 남성의 경우, 3m 왕복걷기, 기능적 팔뻗기, 보행속도에서 상호작용효과가 나타났으며, 여성의 경우 앉았다 일어나기, 6분 걷기, 악력에서 유의한 차이가 나타나 남성 그룹과는 차이를 보였다. 결론적으로 u-health system 통한 혈압, 혈당, 운동량의 수시 체크와 피드백은 대사증후군을 보다 지속적으로 관리하는데 효과가 있는 것으로 보인다. 그러나 운동 시 정확한 동작이나 방법에 대한 피드백을 제공하는 것은 아직도 부족한 부분이 많은 것으로 생각되어 이에 대한 정확한 정보를 제공할 수 있도록 개선이 필요하다.
Objectives: Reduced glucose utilization in the main parts of the brain involved in memory is a major cause of Alzheimer's disease, in which ketone bodies are used as the only and effective alternative energy source of glucose. This study examined the effects of a low-carbohydrate and high-fat (LCHF) diet supplemented with a ketogenic nutrition drink on cognitive function and physical activity in the elderly at high risk for dementia. Methods: The participants of this study were 28 healthy elderly aged 60-91 years showing a high risk factor of dementia or whose Korean Mini-Mental State Examination (K-MMSE) score was less than 24 points. Over 3 weeks, the case group was given an LCHF diet with nutrition drinks consisting of a ketone/non-ketone ratio of 1.73:1, whereas the control group consumed well-balanced nutrition drinks while maintaining a normal diet. After 3 weeks, K-MMSE, body composition, urine ketone bodies, and physical ability were all evaluated. Results: Urine ketone bodies of all case group subjects were positive, and K-MMSE score was significantly elevated in the case group only (p=0.021). Weight and BMI were elevated in the control group only (p<0.05). Grip strength was elevated in all subjects (p<0.01), and measurements of gait speed and one leg balance were improved only in the case group (p<0.05). Conclusions: We suggest that adherence to the LCHF diet supplemented with a ketogenic drink could possibly influence cognitive and physical function in the elderly with a high risk factor for dementia. Further, we confirmed the applicability of this dietary intervention in the elderly based on its lack of any side effects or changes in nutritional status.
보행 시 지면에 대한 수직력에 대한 전단력의 비율, 즉 보행자가 사용한 마찰계수(UCOF)는 미끄러짐 발생 가능성 있는 시점을 식별하는데 사용된다. 신발보행은 신발창 두께와 경도, 뒤꿈치 모양, 밑창 문양 등의 신발 디자인이 사용마찰계수를 변화시킬 것이다. 본 연구에서는 보행 시 신발 착용 유무에 따른 사용마찰계수(UCOF) 차이를 분석하기 위해 성인남녀 21명(여자 10명, 남자 11명, 나이:
Purpose : We aimed to investigate the effects of nutritional foods on sarcopenia prevention and physical function among the elderly living in rural communities during the COVID-19 pandemic by providing customized nutrition. Methods : This study was conducted in the rural community of SCC. Participants (n=24, over age 65) were randomly assigned into a Protein group (n=12) and a Vitamin group (n=12). The protein group was given 23 g/d of protein (whey, soybean, BCAA) for 8 weeks and the Vitamin group 23 g/d of vitamin (B, C, D, E and mixed minerals such as calcium, magnesium, zinc) for 8 weeks. All participants had their body composition such as height, weight, skeletal muscle mass, body mass index, and body fat percentage, measured using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and physical function assessed using grip strength and the short physical performance battery (SPPB). Results : At the end of the intervention, there was a significant increase in skeletal muscle mass (p<.01) in the Protein group (p=.002, 4.92 %) compared to the baseline: it increased by 2.33 %. The Vitamin group had a significant increase in body fat percentage after the intervention (p=.001, 15.35 %) compared to the baseline: body fat percentage decreased by 4.49 %. There were no significant differences in left and right Grip strength/Weight, SPPB, 4-m gait speed, chair stand test, and sense of balance in both groups. Conclusion : The findings from this study suggest that 8 weeks of protein intake have a significant effect on skeletal muscle mass and body fat percentage. Protein intake helped promoting the health of the elderly in rural community during the COVID-19 pandemic. It will assist creating a foundation for providing customized nutrition for the elderly in rural community in the future.
[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to assess changes in blood glucose level, blood pressure, and arterial stiffness after a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in elderly women aged over 65 years with hypertension and either normal glycemic control, impaired fasting glucose tolerance, or diabetes mellitus. We also wished to investigate the relationship between stages of diabetes and physical fitness. [Methods] A total of 24 elderly women with hypertension were assigned to a control group (CON; n=7), impaired fasting glucose group (IFG; n=9), and diabetes mellitus group (DM; n=8). In each group, blood glucose level, brachial ankle pulse wave velocity (PWV), and blood pressure were measured at baseline as well as 60 and 120 minutes after a 75 g OGTT. Physical fitness factors such as hand grip strength, balance test, 4 m gait speed test, chair stand test, short physical performance battery, and 6-minute walking test were subsequently assessed. [Results] In all three groups, blood glucose levels were significantly increased at 60 and 120 minutes after a 75 g OGTT. In the DM group, blood glucose levels were significantly higher before and after a 75 g OGTT than in the CON group. In the CON group, PWV was significantly increased at 60 minutes after a 75 g OGTT; however, there were no changes in other groups after glucose ingestion. In the CON group, systolic and diastolic blood pressures were significantly decreased at 60 and 120 minutes after a 75 g OGTT compared to baseline. However, there was no change in blood pressure after ingestion in the DM group. The IFG group had greater grip strength than the CON group; however, there were no differences in other variables between the groups. [Conclusion] After a 75 g OGTT, elderly women with hypertension and diabetes maintain higher blood glucose levels compared to those with hypertension alone. Unlike elderly women with hypertension alone, those with hypertension and diabetes did not show changes in arterial stiffness and blood pressure after a 75 g OGTT. Therefore, elderly women with hypertension and diabetes may not be able to control their blood vessels following a 75 g OGTT due to impaired vascular endothelial function. Moreover, there was no association between diabetes stage and physical fitness in elderly women with hypertension.
Background and Purpose: Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) refers to the self-perception of cognitive decline with normal performance on objective neuropsychological tests. SCD, which is the first help-seeking stage and the last stage before the clinical disease stage, can be considered to be the most appropriate time for prevention and treatment. This study aimed to compare characteristics between the amyloid positive and amyloid negative groups of SCD patients. Methods: A cohort study to identify predictors for the clinical progression to mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia from subjective cognitive decline (CoSCo) study is a multicenter, prospective observational study conducted in the Republic of Korea. In total, 120 people aged 60 years or above who presented with a complaint of persistent cognitive decline were selected, and various risk factors were measured among these participants. Continuous variables were analyzed using the Wilcoxon rank-sum test, and categorical variables were analyzed using the χ2 test or Fisher's exact test. Logistic regression models were used to assess the predictors of amyloid positivity. Results: The multivariate logistic regression model indicated that amyloid positivity on PET was related to a lack of hypertension, atrophy of the left temporal lateral and entorhinal cortex, low body mass index, low waist circumference, less body and visceral fat, fast gait speed, and the presence of the apolipoprotein E ε4 allele in amnestic SCD patients. Conclusions: The CoSCo study is still in progress, and the authors aim to identify the risk factors that are related to the progression of MCI or dementia in amnestic SCD patients through a two-year follow-up longitudinal study.
본 연구는 여성노인을 대상으로 라인댄스와 저항성운동을 적용한 복합운동프로그램이 신체수행능력, 골밀도 및 부갑상선호르몬에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위하여, 만65세~75세 여성노인을 대상으로 운동군 11명, 대조군 11명으로 분류하여 회당 60분씩 주 2회 라인댄스, 1회 저항성운동을 12주간 실시하였다. 운동 수행강도는 운동자각도(RPE)를 이용하여 '가볍다'에서 '약간 힘들다' 정도인 11~14 사이를 유지하였다. 라인댄스와 저항성운동 전 후에 측정한 자료의 그룹 내 차이 비교를 위해 대응표본 T검정, 그룹 간 차이는 운동 전 후의 변화량을 산출하여 독립표본 T검정을 실시하였고, 측정변인들에 대한 그룹 및 시기간 상호작용을 검증하기 위해 이원배치 반복측정 분산분석으로 하였으며, 각 항목별 통계적 유의수준은 .05로 설정하였다. 그 결과, 운동군이 신체수행능력 중 균형(p<.05), 보행속도(p<.01), 의자에서 일어서기(p<.001), SPPB 종합점수(p<.001)가 증가하였으며, 골밀도는 요추(L2~L4)골밀도에서 운동군이 유의하게 증가하였고(p<.05), T-score점수는 운동군이 유의한 증가를 보였으나(p<.01), 대조군은 유의한 차이가 나타나지 않았다. PTH수준은 운동군이 유의하게 감소하였고(p<.05), 대조군은 유의한 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 이상의 결과 규칙적이고 지속적인 신체활동은 여성노인의 신체수행능력, 골밀도 및 부갑상선 호르몬의 변화에 긍정적인 영향을 미친 것으로 사료된다.
The wall shear stress in the vicinity of end-to end anastomoses under steady flow conditions was measured using a flush-mounted hot-film anemometer(FMHFA) probe. The experimental measurements were in good agreement with numerical results except in flow with low Reynolds numbers. The wall shear stress increased proximal to the anastomosis in flow from the Penrose tubing (simulating an artery) to the PTFE: graft. In flow from the PTFE graft to the Penrose tubing, low wall shear stress was observed distal to the anastomosis. Abnormal distributions of wall shear stress in the vicinity of the anastomosis, resulting from the compliance mismatch between the graft and the host artery, might be an important factor of ANFH formation and the graft failure. The present study suggests a correlation between regions of the low wall shear stress and the development of anastomotic neointimal fibrous hyperplasia(ANPH) in end-to-end anastomoses. 30523 T00401030523 ^x Air pressure decay(APD) rate and ultrafiltration rate(UFR) tests were performed on new and saline rinsed dialyzers as well as those roused in patients several times. C-DAK 4000 (Cordis Dow) and CF IS-11 (Baxter Travenol) reused dialyzers obtained from the dialysis clinic were used in the present study. The new dialyzers exhibited a relatively flat APD, whereas saline rinsed and reused dialyzers showed considerable amount of decay. C-DAH dialyzers had a larger APD(11.70
The wall shear stress in the vicinity of end-to end anastomoses under steady flow conditions was measured using a flush-mounted hot-film anemometer(FMHFA) probe. The experimental measurements were in good agreement with numerical results except in flow with low Reynolds numbers. The wall shear stress increased proximal to the anastomosis in flow from the Penrose tubing (simulating an artery) to the PTFE: graft. In flow from the PTFE graft to the Penrose tubing, low wall shear stress was observed distal to the anastomosis. Abnormal distributions of wall shear stress in the vicinity of the anastomosis, resulting from the compliance mismatch between the graft and the host artery, might be an important factor of ANFH formation and the graft failure. The present study suggests a correlation between regions of the low wall shear stress and the development of anastomotic neointimal fibrous hyperplasia(ANPH) in end-to-end anastomoses. 30523 T00401030523 ^x Air pressure decay(APD) rate and ultrafiltration rate(UFR) tests were performed on new and saline rinsed dialyzers as well as those roused in patients several times. C-DAK 4000 (Cordis Dow) and CF IS-11 (Baxter Travenol) reused dialyzers obtained from the dialysis clinic were used in the present study. The new dialyzers exhibited a relatively flat APD, whereas saline rinsed and reused dialyzers showed considerable amount of decay. C-DAH dialyzers had a larger APD(11.70