• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.375-384
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• 2019

In a rapidly changing society with the Fourth Industrial Revolution, future students should have the skills to utilize and organize high-quality knowledge, not the amount of knowledge. With the launch of the revised curriculum in 2015, the curriculum has been reorganized based on competency and the software education has been seeking capabilities such as 'Cultural computing knowledge', 'Computational thinking', and 'Collaborative problem solving skills'. Therefore, practical collaboration tools and education programs that can be used in the field of education are developed based on Pair Programming, which is a specific collaborative learning strategy to develop cooperative problem solving skill. The educational program using this collaboration tool was developed with a focus on developing computational thinking and collaborative problem solving skills through Pair Programming rather than focusing on learning grammar of programming language and programming techniques. In a educational program, students will be able to use collaborative tools for pair programming and foster collaborative problem-solving skills.

• International Journal of Contents
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.55-63
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• 2014

Existing science education that excludes narrative thinking impedes the understanding of the context of workbook content. The object of this research is to develop a storytelling-learning program based on narrative thinking to elevate learners' interest in science and expand their inventive problem-solving abilities. Following an analysis of the current Korean curriculum, eight types of storytelling materials that utilize local content were developed for grades 7-9. The learning program used quest storytelling and was designed such that learning activities such as investigation, discussion, and experimentation were included in the process of solving each quest. Learners experienced an interest in storytelling learning resulting from participation in this storytelling-learning program. Moreover, learners demonstrated inventive problem-solving abilities in the process of completing the stories. During the process of assembling the storytelling materials, the students interacted with enthusiasm and generated ideas. The teachers indicated a positive feedback to the storytelling program as a new attempt to stimulate learners' interests. In the future, with continuous development and application, storytelling-science-learning programs that base science learning on narrative thinking are expected to be successful.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.201-208
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• 2021

Recently, artificial intelligence(AI) has been used throughout society, and social interest in it is increasing. Accordingly, the necessity of AI education is becoming a big topic in the education field. As a response to this trend, the Korean education authorities have also announced plans for AI education, and various studies have been performed in academic field to revitalize AI education in the future. However, the curriculum research on what differentiates AI education from existing SW education and what and how to train AI is still in its infancy. In this paper, Therefore, we focused on the experiences of elementary school students in solving problems in their own lives, and developed a teaching-learning model based on design-based research so that students can design a problem-solving process and experience the process of feedback. We applied the developed teaching-learning model to the problem-solving process and confirmed that it increased students' understanding and satisfaction with AI education.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.38-49
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• 2018

The nursing education with evidence-based practice(EBP) should set a differentiated education strategy according to the level of the learner, so that the students experience it step by step and it leads them to be skilled. The purpose of this study was to integrate and operate the EBP in the fundamental nursing classes of the second grade students and to verify the effectiveness on improvement of EBP basic competency of them. A non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design was used. The subjects were 108 students in the second year of nursing at the two universities. The experimental group participated in the class for 8 weeks and 24 hours during the 15-weeks, second semester 2016 and the control group participated in general fundamental nursing class. Data were collected proactivity in problem solving, future use of EBP, and critical thinking disposition instrument and analyzed using SPSS/WIN 23.0 program with Chi-square test, independent t-test. The experimental group had a significant increase in proactivity in problem solving and future use of EBP compared to the control group. However, there was no significant difference in critical thinking disposition between the two groups. Findings indicate that the fundamental nursing class used EBP was an effective lesson to improve proactivity in problem solving and future use of EBP, which is the EBP basic competency for the lower grader. Long-term efforts are needed to improve the EBP competence and critical thinking of nursing students by curriculum appropriate to grade-based goals of EBP.

• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
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• 1998.10a
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• pp.407-410
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• 1998

Configuration is a set of building block processes, a series of selection and combining parts or components which composes a whole thing. A whole thing could be such a configurable object as manufacturing product, network system, financial portfolio, system development plan, project team, etc. Configuration problem could happen during any phase of product life cycle: design, production, sales, installation, and maintenance. Configuration has long been one of cost and time consuming work, because only high salaried technical experts on product and components can do configuration. Rework for error adjustments of configurations at later process causes far much cost and time, so accurate configuration is required. Under the on-line electronic commerce environment, configuration problem solving becomes more important, because component-based sales should be done automatically on the merchant web site. Automated product search, order placement, order fulfillment and payment make that manual configuration is no longer feasible. Automated configuration means that all the constraints among components should be checked and confirmed by configuration engine automatically. In addition, technical constraints and customer preferences like price range and a specific function required should be considered. This paper gives an brief overview of configuration problems: characteristics, representation paradigms, and solving algorithms and introduce CRSP(Constraint and Rule Satisfaction Problem) method. CRSP method adopts both constraint and rule for configuration domain knowledge representation. A survey and analysis on web sites adopting configuration functions are provided. Future directions of configuration for EC is discussed in the three aspects: methodology itself, companies adopting configuration function, and electronic commerce industry.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.143-173
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• 2012

We investigated environmental problems related to clothing, and attempted their practical solutions using Future Problem Solving Program in order to cultivate the creative character in teenagers. We applied "teaching and learning plans" to seventy-seven the first graders of high school students in 2 classes in Gyeonggi-do, one hour per day for 3 weeks, from August 23 to September 8 2011. Statistical analyses were performed using the SPSS for Windows software(version 17.0). Mean differences in results between pretest and posttest were evaluated using Student's t-test. We selected 'production of fabrics, production of clothing, disposal and recycling of clothing and washing of clothing' as the learning theme in educational content factors of 'clothing culture in consideration of environment'. And we developed thirteenth teaching and learning plans and educational materials including 4 problems, 2 worksheets, 10 team worksheets, 7 video materials and 7 Power Point materials using Future Problem Solving Program(FPSP). The measurements of fluency, flexibility, originality and problem-solving ability are significantly improved. The level of creativity in the items of fluency, flexibility and originality, in particular, exhibited marked improvement, 'below-average' to 'above-average', regardless of academic records and gender. Problem-solving ability in female students was more effective than that of male, but it showed no significant correlation with academic records. The analysis of character-change showed the highest improvement in the awareness on the protection of environment, the character factor in the educational contents. Personalities, confidence, consideration and cooperation in learning method of FPSP also exhibited a significant improvement. But character-change did not correlate with academic records or gender. In the present study, we found that home economics has a positive effect on cultivating creative character. When we selectively and properly apply a course of creative problem-solving of FPSP and a course of creative output to students, we can increase their ability to solve problems, cultivate their creative character and further enhance their interest on home economics.

• Journal of Creative Information Culture
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.101-106
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• 2020

In preparing for future education, the need for software education is increasing. In addition to the content of operation, the assessment portion issues have emerged as an important area in software education. In this study, we wanted to look at the effectiveness of the learner-led assessment in software education through literature research and consider what this suggests to the schooling. According to a study conducted on software education for elementary school students, the student-led assessment showed significant effects on the improvement of students' creativity, problem solving, information literacy, and increased interests in software education. Further research efforts are requested to help the schooling prepare for future education through student-led software assessment.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.53-77
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• 2008

In recent years, although numbers of corporations are bringing in PMO, they seem to be indifferent to PMO performance measurement. This demonstrates that there are also other reasons beside performance measurement of information systems (IS) project being ambiguous by introducing PMO; the lack of acknowledging the concrete function of PMO, and the scarcity of empirical study about the effect of PMO on the project members and project performance. In this sense, this study is aimed at proposing a new research model in which project success factors (i.e., standardization, management advocacy, and staff expertise) affect PMO capability (i.e., knowledge management, resources management, and problem solving competency) positively, leading to project performance (i.e., task outcomes, psychological outcomes, and organizational outcomes) eventually. To empirically test the research model, data are surveyed from PMO department and IS department. To prove the validity of the proposed research model, PLS analysis is applied with valid 132 questionnaires. By employing PLS technique, the measurement reliability and validity of research variables are tested and the path analysis is conducted to do the hypothesis testing. The path analysis results can be organized into 7 ways in large scale. First, standardization of project success factors has a positive association with knowledge management, resources management, and problem solving competency of PMO capabilities. The findings of this result indicate that the multiple or single project management should satisfy standardization in order to operate an effective PMO. Second, management advocacy of project success factors has a positive association with knowledge management, resources management, and problem solving competency. Management advocacy refers to the willingness of management to provide the required resources and authority for project success. There is agreement among researchers regarding the importance of management advocacy for favorable PMO capability. Third, staff expertise of project success factors has a positive association with knowledge management, resources management, and problem solving competency. The findings of this result indicate that the formation of an exceptional consultant or members with a proficient knowledge for staff expertise of project member is the key factor to elevate the PMO capability. Past research suggests that experience and knowledge and the resultant familiarity with the problem faced can be an important determinant of PMO capability. A capable project with appropriate staff expertise means that it enjoys a diversity of abilities and experiences. Fourth, knowledge management competency of PMO capabilities has a positive impact on psychological outcomes but has no direct effect on task outcomes and organizational outcomes. In domestic case of S. Korea, PMO was finally introduced to many other corporations in 2005 though it started bringing in 2000. Therefore, it had neither a significant impact on the task outcomes nor organizational outcomes by lacking the contents and the infrastructure of the knowledge management because the knowledge consolidation and management period of PMO is comparatively shorter by terms than other foreign nations. Fifth, resources management competency of PMO capabilities has a positive association with task outcomes, psychological outcomes, and organizational outcomes. In addition, problem solving competency of PMO capabilities has a positive association with task outcomes, psychological outcomes, and organizational outcomes. Therefore, the findings of this results stress that PMO capabilities has a positive impact on project performance. Sixth, according to the path analysis of the hypothesis, which suggested in this research, problem solving competency is the PMO capability which is the key success factor for task, psychological, and organizational outcomes as an integrated performance model. Further, the analysis reveals that problem solving competency is an important factor for integrated performance model. The finding is in line with past IS research, which affirms that the work of IS projects is essentially a problem solving endeavor. Seventh, in the path analysis of the hypothesis in this research, the path of the management advocacy $\rightarrow$ problem solving competency $\rightarrow$ organizational outcomes appears to be the most important and strongest path. In brief, the finding of this study suggests that project success factors influence PMO capability positively, and project performance as well. From the results, it can be concluded that PMO helped great improve the project success rate and project performance. This study advances research on PMO capability in three important aspects. First, the findings of our study have implications for IS theory and future research. Our study contributes to IS theory by synthesizing concepts from PMO research and project management research with those in IS research. We proposed and tested PMO capability of IS projects and the findings of our investigation provided some preliminary answers to some of the questions raised. Secondly, this thesis does not only help depicting the concept of IT governance but also approaches empirically. It makes a gradual approach to the main content, step by step, in contrary of simple standard, scholastic way of thinking. Finally, we argued that this task-oriented(technical) view is not sufficient to adequately conceptualize IS project performance. Hence, we applied that the research on organization teams, which provides a flip viewpoint to that of project management research in that it gives more weight for psychological outcomes of organizational work groups, can be very helpful in reconceptualizing the IS project performance construct. The limitations of this study are also discussed to provide research directions for future research.

• Journal of the Korean School Mathematics Society
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.329-350
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• 2019

Productive struggle is a student's persevering effort to understand mathematical concepts and solve challenging problems that are not easily solved, but the problem can lead to curiosity. Productive struggle is a key component of students' learning mathematics with a conceptual understanding, and supporting it in learning mathematics is one of the most effective mathematics teaching practices. In comparison to research on students' productive struggles, there is little research on preservice mathematics teachers' productive struggles. Thus, this study focused on the productive struggles that preservice mathematics teachers face in solving a non-routine mathematics problem. Polya's four-step problem-solving process was used to analyze the collected data. Examples of preservice teachers' productive struggles were analyzed in terms of each stage of the problem-solving process. The analysis showed that limited prior knowledge of the preservice teachers caused productive struggle in the stages of understanding, planning, and carrying out, and it had a significant influence on the problem-solving process overall. Moreover, preservice teachers' experiences of the pleasure of learning by going through productive struggle in solving problems encouraged them to support the use of productive struggle for effective mathematics learning for students, in the future. Therefore, the study's results are expected to help preservice teachers develop their professional expertise by taking the opportunity to engage in learning mathematics through productive struggle.

• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.12-19
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• 2000

In the development of a production process scheduling system a collaboration method must be defined for the cooperation among submodules within the system. The blackboard architecture is exploited for solving the collaboration problem, which is one of the problem solving architecture that belongs to the distributed artificial intelligence. The dynamic states of the problem solving processes are presented in the hierarchically constructed shared working memory called as a blackboard. The communication for the collaboration is done through the blackboard. The problem solving steps are contained in the global controller, one of a component that consists the blackboard architecture, as knowledge. The global controller activates proper submodules based on the knowledge. By applying the blackboard architecture the collaboration problem among submodules in the grating production process scheduling system (GPSS) has been solved as well as the system became adaptable to the future modifications and expansions.