• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.74-79
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• 2008

Since the positive listing system for prescription drug reimbursement has been introduced in Korea, the number of pharmacoeconomic evaluation studies has increased. However it is not clear if the quality of pharmacoeconomic evaluation study has improved. Due to the lack of randomized clinical studies in Korean health care setting, Korean economic evaluation studies have typically integrated the local cost data and foreign clinical data. Therefore methodological issues can be raised in regard to data coherence and consistency. But the quality of data was not questiened and the potential bias has not been investigated yet. Even though changes in policy have encouraged the undertaking of pharmacoeconomic evaluations, there is few public-side funding for validation study of cost-effectiveness models and data. Several companies perform economic evaluation studies to be submitted on behalf of their own products, but do not want the study results to be disclosed to the academic community or public. To improve the present conduct of pharmacoeconomic evaluations in Korea, various funding sources need to be developed, and, like other multidisciplinary areas, the experts in different fields of study should collaborate to ensure the validity and credibility of pharmacoeconomic evaluations.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.455-458
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• 2010

The Affordable Care Act (ACA) was signed into law on March 23, 2010 and will fundamentally alter health care in the United States for years to come. The US is currently one of the only industrialized countries without universal health insurance. The new law expands existing public insurance for the poor. It also provides financial credits to low income individuals and some small businesses to purchase health insurance. By government estimates, the law will bring insurance to 30 million people. The law also provides for a significant new investment in prevention and wellness. It appropriates an unprecedented $15 billion in a prevention and public health fund, to be disbursed over 10 years, as well as creates a national prevention council to oversee the government's prevention efforts. This paper discusses 3 major prevention provisions in the legislation: 1) the waiving of cost-sharing for clinical preventive services, 2) new funding for community preventive services, and 3) new funding for workplace wellness programs. The paper examines the scientific evidence behind these provisions as well as provides examples of some model programs. Taken together, these provisions represent a significant advancement for prevention in the US health care system, including a shift towards healthier environments. However, in this turbulent economic and political environment, there is a real threat that much of the law, including the prevention provisions, will not receive adequate funding.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.1-19
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• 2014

The purpose of this research is to analyze the performance of technology transfer of university and professors' capability based on their research activities and performance. For this study, paper citation index, patenting activities, R&D funding scales from public and private sectors separately, careers before and after being professor, scale of research team of 80 professors, who had experienced in technology transfer, were collected. Major result of this research shows that patenting activities rather than paper publishing, R&D funding from private sectors rather than public sectors, and careers after being professor rather than before, are significant factors to affect the performance of university's technology transfer.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.46
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• pp.290-318
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• 2001

In 1981, Chile has fundamentally reformed the public pension system from the pay-as-you-go system (PAYGs) to the full funding defined contribution system managed by the private funding companies. The Chilean privatization reform influenced not only the neighbor South American countries but also the advanced countries. The United Kingdom contracted out the state earning related pension system. Australia and Sweden recently introduced the private investment accounts system. And now the hot debates on the privatization of the social security pension is going on in the United States of America. This wind of privatizing the public pension system is being backed up by the New Liberalism, the nowadays' strongest ideology. Besides, the theoretical and idealogical debate between the World Bank and the ILO/ISSA was happened in the middle of 1990s. The World Bank, the supporter of the international financial capital, insisted the introducing of the full funding individual accounts system and the abolition of the existing PAYGs. The ILO/ISSA apposed the World Bank's policies and advocated the moderate reform of the PAYGs. In this paper, I reviewed the Chilean reform, the World Bank's report and the opposing argument of the ILO/ISSA against it, and analysed the core issues of the two sides. Also, I tried to present the suggestions to the Korean public pension systems. Through the discussing the debate, we made certain of the importance of the basic issues in the social security system like equity vs. adequacy, inter-generational redistribution vs. intra-generational redistribution and welfare vs. economy, once again.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.205-216
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• 2011

Unequal distribution of shares among children during intergenerational transference of assets has been prevalent in Korea. This study intends to examine whether parental contribution, in the form of a cash gift, is differentiated between the bride's side and the bridegroom's side at marriage and by age group. This pattern may also change according to the generation. Questionnaires were equally distributed to members of three previously delineated age groups: 20' s-30' s, 40's -50's, and 60's and above who are married or have been married at least once and reside in Seoul or Gyeonggi province. A total of 700 questionnaires were analyzed using SPSS and the data were sorted by age group. The results indicate an apparent difference between the husband's side and the wife's side in providing funding for housing at marriage in that a large portion of the funding is provided by the husband's side. Among various funding sources, a cash gift from the couple's parents appears to fund the largest portion of the total cost for housing and marriage. Results show that a cash gift from the couple's parents funds a larger portion of housing expenses for younger generations, a phenomenon that becomes more severe and apparent the younger the couple is.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.148-157
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• 2011

Objectives: Although compensation for occupational injuries and diseases is guaranteed in almost all nations, countries vary greatly with respect to how they organize workers' compensation systems. In this paper, we focus on three aspects of workers' compensation insurance in Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries - types of systems, employers' funding mechanisms, and coverage for injured workers - and their impacts on the actual frequencies of occupational injuries and diseases. Methods: We estimated a panel data fixed effect model with cross-country OECD and International Labor Organization data. We controlled for country fixed effects, relevant aggregate variables, and dummy variables representing the occupational accidents data source. Results: First, the use of a private insurance system is found to lower the occupational accidents. Second, the use of risk-based pricing for the payment of employer raises the occupational injuries and diseases. Finally, the wider the coverage of injured workers is, the less frequent the workplace accidents are. Conclusion: Private insurance system, fixed flat rate employers' funding mechanism, and higher coverage of compensation scheme are significantly and positively correlated with lower level of occupational accidents compared with the public insurance system, risk-based funding system, and lower coverage of compensation scheme.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.23 no.4_2
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• pp.683-691
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• 2020

In the era of super-aged societies, research and development (R&D) projects related to aging are very important agenda for establishing the direction of future R&D planning and technological competitiveness in the country. In order to respond promptly to this agenda, it is essential to establish a national-level convergence R&D policy. In this study, we utilized the global R&D funding project data from major nations (US, Europe, Japan), and then standardized them with the same fields. To analyze the current status of global R&D related to aging, we performed cluster analysis based on the co-occurrence matrix to explore convergence R&D areas in the US, Europe, and Japan related to aging. In addition, comparative analysis by country suggested that different points on the interdisciplinary area and the convergence of aging-related R&D by each country. These results provide fundamental understandings for the status of convergence in aging-related global R&D, the current technology trends, and establish the direction and strategy of R&D policy.

• Journal of Audiology & Otology
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.8-13
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• 2021

Background and Objectives: In 2013, the Singapore government reviewed and expanded the Senior Mobility Fund (SMF) to provide subsidy for assistive devices, including hearing aids (HA). While SMF has improved accessibility to HA, its impact on HA acquisition has not been determined. The study aims to elucidate the influence of SMF on HA acquisition and the relationship between financial funding and compliance to HA use. Subjects and Methods: Retrospective review of 643 patients seen between January 2017 to January 2018 at the earnose and throat specialist outpatient clinic, who were referred for a hearing aid evaluation. Of the 643 patients, 109 patients with baseline hearing handicap (HH) scores recorded, and no formal diagnosis of cognitive impairment were included. The patients were grouped according to SMF eligibility and clinical data were obtained. Results: The odds ratio for acquiring HA was significantly higher with SMF, regardless of HH scores. When looking at actual degree of hearing loss (DHL), HA uptake was significantly higher in the least severe of DHL categories. There is no relationship between SMF and compliance to HA use. However, HH score is positively correlated with data log in regression analyses. Conclusions: SMF appears to influence HA acquisition. Especially in financially funded patients with low self-perceived HH, the benefits of HA may be underappreciated given the few hours of HA use. Further studies are warranted to investigate the impact of financial funding on outcomes of HA users to help policy planners and clinicians be prudent in the utilization of SMF.

• Korean Journal of Audiology
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.8-13
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• 2021

Background and Objectives: In 2013, the Singapore government reviewed and expanded the Senior Mobility Fund (SMF) to provide subsidy for assistive devices, including hearing aids (HA). While SMF has improved accessibility to HA, its impact on HA acquisition has not been determined. The study aims to elucidate the influence of SMF on HA acquisition and the relationship between financial funding and compliance to HA use. Subjects and Methods: Retrospective review of 643 patients seen between January 2017 to January 2018 at the earnose and throat specialist outpatient clinic, who were referred for a hearing aid evaluation. Of the 643 patients, 109 patients with baseline hearing handicap (HH) scores recorded, and no formal diagnosis of cognitive impairment were included. The patients were grouped according to SMF eligibility and clinical data were obtained. Results: The odds ratio for acquiring HA was significantly higher with SMF, regardless of HH scores. When looking at actual degree of hearing loss (DHL), HA uptake was significantly higher in the least severe of DHL categories. There is no relationship between SMF and compliance to HA use. However, HH score is positively correlated with data log in regression analyses. Conclusions: SMF appears to influence HA acquisition. Especially in financially funded patients with low self-perceived HH, the benefits of HA may be underappreciated given the few hours of HA use. Further studies are warranted to investigate the impact of financial funding on outcomes of HA users to help policy planners and clinicians be prudent in the utilization of SMF.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.483-497
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• 2023

This study aims to provide strategic recommendations for promoting the development of the global satellite data services industry by analyzing the startup landscape. Based on the analysis of startup data, such as number of startups, market segment, and funding amount, we examined the paradigm shift in the global satellite data services market, particularly its convergence with other market segments. To this end, we derived the cumulative funding-convergence dynamics matrix, which classifies the converging areas into four quadrants by considering the growth rate of converging segments and the cumulative funding amount. In this way, we can specify converging areas in the satellite data services market that bear potential importance for the creation of new markets. The findings of this study are expected to contribute to the advancement of the satellite data services industry and facilitate the exploration of new market opportunities. Furthermore, they can serve as a valuable reference for policy makers, industry stakeholders, government officials, and researchers involved in the satellite data services industry in capitalizing on the emerging space economy.