• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.51-61
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• 2012

PURPOSES : This study deals with the working life of polymer concrete, which is typically used as a repair or overlay material for portland cement concrete pavements. METHODS : In the scope of this study, laboratory testing was conducted on fresh MMA modified UP polymer concrete, which uses an MMA monomer for viscosity adjustment and strength improvement of UP resin. The experimental variables were temperature (-20 to $+20^{\circ}C$) and binder components (MMA, MEKPO, and DMA). RESULTS : The result showed that the optimum binder ratios for polymer concrete production were 12, 11, and 10 wt.% when the MMA contents were 20, 30, and 40 wt.%, respectively. The working life of polymer concrete depending on temperature and binder components could be expressed by a logarithmic functional formula. The coefficient of variation for each binder component was the highest for DMA content while the lowest for MEKPO content. Also, the contents of each binder component for ensuring the working life of 60 minutes were proposed. CONCLUSIONS : Ultimately, the present study derived a linear regression equation estimating 60 minutes working life based on the setting times of each binder component.

• Macromolecular Research
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.555-560
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• 2008

A series of hydroxyl-group containing polyimides (HPIs) were prepared in order to investigate the structure-gas permeation property relationship. Each polymer membrane had structural characteristics that varied according to the dianhydride monomers. The imidization processes were monitored using spectroscopic and thermog-ravimetric analyses. The single gas permeability of He, $H_2$, $CO_2$, $O_2$, $N_2$ and $CH_4$ were measured and compared in order to determine the effect of the polymer structure and functional -OH groups on the gas transport properties. Surprisingly, the ideal selectivity of $CO_2/CH_4$ and $H_2/CH_4$ increased with increasing level of -OH incorporation, which affected the diffusion of $H_2$ or the solubility of $CO_2$ in HPIs. For $H_2/CH_4$ separation, the difference in the diffusion coefficients of $H_2$ and $CH_4$ was the main factor for improving the performance without showing any changes in the solubility coefficients. However, the solubility coefficient of $CO_2$ in the HPIs increased at least four fold compared with the conventional polyimide membranes depending on the polymer structures. Based on these results, the polymer membranes modified with -OH groups in the polymer backbone showed favorable gas permeation and separation performance.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.315-320
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• 2012

Ultra violet (UV) curable pressure sensitive adhesives (PSA) were prepared by controlling both the structure of acryl copolymer and the functionality and content of multi-functional monomers. Acryl copolymer worked as the base polymer for giving the tackiness. Multi-functional monomers were used to vary the crosslinked structure and the degree of crosslink. Acryl copolymer showed the reduced peel strength after UV curing by decreasing the content of 2-ethylhexyl acrylate in the monomer composition. Both the peel strength of PSA and the content of residue found on silicon wafer decreased after UV curing by increasing the functionality of multi-functional monomers. UV curable PSA containing 20 phr six-functional monomer showed the higher peel strength before UV curing and the lower peel strength and the least residue on silicon wafer after UV curing.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.399-405
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• 2013

Two series of new green phosphorescent polymers bearing a bis(2-phenyl-pyridine)iridium(III)(dibenzoylmethane) [$(ppy)_2Irdbm$] complex were designed and synthesized. Poly-carbazole (PCbz) derivative or polyfluorene with pendant carbazole groups (PFCbz) were employed as host polymers for the iridium complex. The iridium complex monomer was copolymerized with the host monomers using varying monomer ratios via a Yamamoto coupling reaction. Efficient energy transfer from host to dopant unit was observed by increasing the ratio of the iridium guest in the copolymers. Electroluminescent devices with the configuration ITO/PEDOT:PSS/polymer/BmPyPB/LiF/Al were fabricated and characterized. The phosphorescent polymers composed of the iridium complex guest and polyfluorene with carbazole pendants as a host performed better than the polymers composed of the same guest and the main chain polycarbazole host. A maximum external quantum efficiency of 0.73%, a luminous efficiency of 1.21 cd/A, and a maximum luminance of 372 $cd/m^2$ were obtained from a device fabricated using one of the synthesized copolymers.

• Macromolecular Research
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.173-178
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• 2006

Poly(3-(2-hydroxyethyl)thiophene) (P3HET) was synthesized using oxidative coupling polymerization that involved the protecting and deprotecting of hydroxyl groups but not the chlorine substitution or oxidative decomposition of the hydroxyl groups. The resulting P3HET exhibited good solubility in aprotic solvents, in contrast to the insoluble polymer product synthesized directly from the monomer, 3-(2-hydroxyethyl)thiophene (3HET). P3HET had low conductivity due to the strong hydrogen bonding of its hydroxyl groups. The ester-functionalized poly(3-(2-acetoxyethyl)thiophene) and poly(3-(4-pentylbenzoateethyl)thiophene) were also prepared with reasonably high molecular weights in order to examine how this functionalization modified the physical and chemical properties of P3HET. These polymers exhibited better solubility in common solvents and higher conductivity than P3HET. All these polymers exhibited bathochromic shifts of their film state absorption maxima with respect to those found in the UV-visible spectra of their solution phases. The extent of the bathochromic shift was found to vary with the lengths of the side chains of the ester-functionalized polymers.

• Clean Technology
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.41-50
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• 2005

In this study, semibatch emulsion copolymerization of n-BA as adhesive component and MMA as coagulant component were carried out for the stable acrylic polymer latex in aqueous phase for polymer cement using LE-type nonionic surfactant as environmental friendly surfactant. The stable polymer emulsion was obtained with the increases of chain length(n) of this surfactant. The effect on the amount of LE-50 as nonionic surfactant were showed that the concentration of polymer latex were increased by increasing the amount of LE-50, whereas the average particle size were decreased by increasing the amount. The addition of functional monomer in initial reactor charge showed a significant effect on the final polymer concentration and the latex particle size. The single polymerization of each n-BA or MMA showed a very low concentration of polymer latex and very big particle size due to coagulation. In the polymerization composed of mixed monomer with MMA and n-BA, the larger the ratio of MMA to n-BA in the copolymers, the greater the amount of coagulum produced. It was found that a stable copolymers were obtained in the range of 15-35 % of n-BA. Moreover, incorporation of some functional monomers in addition to of main monomers became more stable polymer latex. Through DSC and IR analysis, the final polymer latex was composed by MMA/n-BA/AA/AM with a single Tg depending on the reaction conditions. As a result, the conditions of this acrylic polymerization could also be effectively controlled to get the desired final products.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.169-176
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• 2004

Acyclovir(ACV) is an important antiviral drug used extensively against infections caused by herpes viruses, especially herpes simplex and varicella zoster. Because of high crystallinity and large particle size, solubility of intact ACV is very low in water(1.3 mg/ml). The goal of this work is to enhance the solubility of ACV. To make solid dispersion, Polyethyleneglycol, Hydroxyprophylmethylcelluose and Polyvinylpyrrolidone were used as polymer carriers in this work. Polymer carriers and drug were dissolved in acetic acid. And then spray drying method and freeze drying method were used as solvent extraction. Morphology, crystallization and functional group were characterized using SEM, XRD and FT-IR. The result of in vitro test showed the sample using PVP as polymer carrier had higher dissolution rate(up to 466%) than intact ACV.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.198-203
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• 2005

Melt extrusion foaming process for the preparation of poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) scaffolds was carried out and the effects of foaming conditions on the pore structure of PLLA scaffolds and their mechanical properties were investigated. The porosity and mechanical properties of fabricated scaffolds were compared with the scaffolds obtained from the salt leaching method as well. It was found that the optimum pore structure was achieved when the PLLA melt was kept in extruder for the maximum decomposition time of blowing agent. In order to maintain the proper scaffolds structure, the blowing agent content should be less than $10\;wt\%$. It can be concluded that melt extrusion foaming process allows for the production of scaffold having higher mechanical properties with reasonable pore size and open cell structure for hard tissue regeneration even though it has less porosity than scaffolds made by salt leaching process.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.22-27
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• 2006

The effect of transesterification on the rheological property of poly(ethylene naphthalate)/poly(butylene tore-phthalate) (PEN/PBT) blends has been investigated. The melt viscosity of PEN/PBT blends decreased with increasing PBT content due to the relatively low melt viscosity of PBT as well as introducing ransesterification between PEN and PBT Further melt viscosity decrease was achieved by the thermal annealing which caused both the chain scission and the acceleration of transesterfication. Calcium stearate (CaST) was applied as a lubricant in order to lower the melt viscosity of PEN and it was found that CaST was acting as the catalyst of transesterification as well. In general, reactive melt blending of PEN and PBT by transesterification resulted in the decrease of molecular weight of PEN and PBT, as a result, the loss of mechanical properties in PEN/PET blend was inevitable.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.183-188
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• 2011

Pentaerytritol triacrylate (PETA) was synthesized by a condensation reaction between pentaerytritol and acrylic acid. The highest yield of PETA was obtained when heptane was used as a solvent under the 1:4 mole ratio of pentaerytritol and acrylic acid. The 6-functional urethane acrylates(UA) were also synthesized by a condensation reaction between PETA and diisocyanate. Cured films were prepared from the mixtures of UA oligomer, reactive diluents and UV initiator to investigate their physical properties. The thermal stability of the aliphatic urethane acrylate was better than that of the aromatic urethane acrylate. The UA-2 showed good hardness and scratch resistance properties while the UA-l with a high degree of curing density exhibited a better chemical resistance. All the UA oligomers showed fairly good adhesion strengths but the other physical properties of UA-3 were poor due to its low curing density.