• Journal of Life Science
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• v.30 no.8
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• pp.695-700
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the anti-oxidant and anti-microbial activity of syringin isolated from Cortex Fraxini to investigate their potential for use as safe natural compounds. Purified syringin was dissolved in distilled water for each concentration and used in each experiment. Syringin showed higher 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging than butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) at a concentration of 50 ㎍/ml. In 2,2'-Azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical scavenging, activity was similar to that of BHT at all concentrations. In antioxidant protection factor measurement, activity of syringin slightly increased as the concentration increased, as did the inhibitory effect of thiobarbutric acid reactive substances. In evaluating anti-microbial activity, the clear zones of Listeria monocytogenes KCTC 13064, Staphylococcus aureus KCTC 1916, Escherichia coli KCTC 2571, and Helicobacter pylori HPKCTC B0150 at a concentration of 200 ㎍/ml were found to be 17.8 mm, 20.45 mm, 17.05 mm, and 16.8 mm, respectively, but no clear zone was observed in the case of Candida albicans ATCC 10231. The activity against water-soluble antioxidants was therefore superior to that against lipid-soluble antioxidants. Anti-microbial activity was examined by inhibiting growth against gram-positive and -negative strains, and anti-fungal activity was not observed. Based on the results of this study, syringin has possible applications as a natural anti-oxidant and anti-microbial material.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.15-25
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• 2012

The research on the FPGA CAD tools in academia has been lacking practicality due to the underlying FPGA fabric architecture which is too simple and inefficient to be applied for commercial FPGAs. Recently, the database of placement positions and routing graphs on commercial FPGA architectures has been built, and provided for enabling the academic development of placement and routing tools. To extend the limit of academic CAD tools even further, we have developed the evaluation toolkit for the K-FPGA architecture which is under development. By providing interface for exchanging data with a commercial FPGA toolkit at every step of mapping, packing, placement and routing in the tool chain, the toolkit enables individual tools to be developed without waiting for the results of the preceding step, and with no dependency on the quality of the results, and compared in detail with commercial tools at any step. Also, the fabric primitive library is developed by extracting the prototype from a reporting file of a commercial FPGA, restructuring it, and modeling the behavior of basic gates. This library can be used as the benchmarking target, and a reference design for new FPGA architectures. Since the architecture is described in a standard HDL which is familiar with hardware designers, and read in the tools rather than hard coded, the tools are "data-driven", and tolerable with the architectural changes due to the design space exploration. The experiments confirm that the developed library is correct, and the functional correctness of applications implemented on the FPGA fabric can be validated by simulation. The placement and routing tools are under development. The completion of the toolkit will enable the development of practical FPGA architectures which, in return, will synergically animate the research on optimization CAD tools.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.19 no.12
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• pp.257-266
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• 2014

In this paper, we propose the development of an eBook Service System based on VOD Broadcasting Contents(eBSS-VOD) which protects the illegal copy through the effective DRM strategy. Here, eBSS-VOD is composed of three sub-systems - eBook server management system, ePub Builder, and eBook App - according to the functional points of view. The eBook server management system operates to manage the eBooks, the encription keys, the VOD contents, the membership and the history of users' viewing log. The ePub Builder assists to produce eBooks by DRM strategy. The eBook App provides users with the utility services of VOD viewing and eBook purchase processing. The proposed eBSS-VOD, differently from the current eBook systems, helps to increase the users' interests in reading books and to motivate the users' purchasing needs and it also makes new distribution channel for eBooks based on VOD broadcasting contents through smart applications. We provides the differentiated eBook builder which are based on ePub3.0 and DRM strategy. Through empirical survey results on users' interests and purchase intention for eBooks, we show that the proposed eBSS-VOD has the comparative effects compared to the current systems.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.153-159
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• 2013

Lactic acid bacteria are microorganisms that are closely associated with human and/or animal environments, and are categorized as generally recognized as safe (GRAS) organisms due to their ubiquitous appearance in foods and their contribution to the healthy microflora of mucosal surfaces. This study was performed to isolate and identify lactic acid bacteria with antagonistic effects against food-borne pathogens. A total of 3,000 acid-producing bacteria were isolated from infant feces, cattle feces, goat feces, dog feces, pig feces, vaginal tracts, vegetables, fruits, Kimchi, Jeotgal, fermented sausages, raw milk, cheese, yogurt, Cheonggukjang, Meju, and Makgeolli cultured on MRS agar with 0.05% bromocresol purple. For the isolation of bacteriocin-producing bacteria, the diameter of the clear zone was measured on MRS agar plates. Twenty-six isolates exhibited strong antibacterial activity against indicator strains such as Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli O157:H7, and Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis. Lactic acid bacteria were identified as Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium, Enterococcus hirae, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus amylovorus, Lactobacillus curvatus, Lactobacillus plantarum, and Pediococcus acidilactici by 16S rDNA gene sequence analysis. The results of this study suggest that the isolates could be used as potential probiotic starters for functional food applications.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.151-156
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• 2016

Medicinal plants resources are becoming important assets since their usages have been expanded to the development of functional foods for human health, natural cosmetics, and pharmaceutical industries. However, names are different from each country and their phylogenetic origins are not clear. These lead consumers to be confused. In particular, when they are morphologically similar and distributed as dried roots, it is extremely difficult to differentiate their origins even by specialists. Recently, molecular markers have been extensively applied to identify the origin of many crops. In this review, we tried to overview the current research achievements for the development of suitable 'origin identification' regarding to the differentiation of Angelica species. Furthermore, more advanced techniques including amplification genome based marker analyses are also discussed for their practical applications in the authentication of particular medicinal plant in Angelica species.

• Current Industrial and Technological Trends in Aerospace
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.90-98
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• 2008

Nanotechnology(NT) refers to a field of advanced micro-technology covering the creation and manufacturing of materials on the atomic and molecular scale and requires interdisciplinary study with various fields including materials science, physics, chemistry, electronics and others. Whileas nanotechnology is a kind of micro and small scaled science, space technology(ST) is one of the larger and system technologies utilizing broad fields of mechanical, materials, electronics and communication technologies. It is necessary to select and concentrate the functional items of nanotechnology for efficient application to be utilized in space technology, due to the cross-sectional characteristics of nanotechnology within nanomaterials, nanoelectronics, and nanomanufacturing. This paper provides the current state of art of nanotechnology in space technology by evaluating NASA's activities and the 9th frame of the project ANTARES(Analysis of Nanotechnology Applications in Space Developments and Systems) with the support of the German Aerospace Center (DLR), Space Flight Management, Division Technology for Space Systems and Robotics. It has shown that it is necessary to apply nanotechnology to space technology in order to achieve international competitiveness, for the nanotechnology can bring the previously impossible things to reality. Since KARI plans to send an unmanned probe to the moon's orbit and land a probe on the moon's surface in 2025, it is urgently needed to incorporate nanotechnology to national space development plan.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.96-101
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• 2017

We have developed a compact desktop-sized nanopatterning system driven by the Roll-to-Roll (R2R) nanoimprinting (NIL) principle. The system realizes the continuous and high-speed stamping of various nanoscale patterns on a large-area flexible substrate without resorting to ponderous and complicated instruments. We first lay out the process principle based on continuous NIL on a UV-curable resin layer using a flexible nanopatterned mold. We then create conceptual and specific designs for the system by focusing on two key processes, imprinting and UV curing, which are performed in a continuous R2R fashion. We build a system with essential components and optimized modules for imprinting, UV curing, and R2R conveying to enable simple but effective nanopatterning within the desktop volume. Finally, we demonstrate several nanopatterning results such as nanolines and nanodots, which are obtained by operating the built desktop R2R NIL system on transparent and flexible substrates. Our system may be further utilized in the scalable fabrication of diverse flexible nanopatterns for many functional applications in optics, photonics, sensors, and energy harvesters.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.15-27
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• 2020

In screening for antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) KCCM 40510 and Bacillus cereus KCTC 3624, NNIBRFG5039 was isolated from the air in Sangju-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do. Based on a high sequence similarity of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, NNIBRFG5039 was determined to be closely related to Penicillium rubefaciens CBS 139145. The optimal media, initial pH, and temperature for mycelial growth and antimicrobial activity of P. rubefaciens NNIBRFG5039 were determined as follows: potato dextrose broth (PDB), pH 6.5, and 30℃, respectively. Under the optimal culture conditions, maximum mycelial growth (12.4 g L^-1) and antibacterial activity (7.5 mm zone of inhibition against MRSA KCCM 40510, and 5.0 mm zone of inhibition against B. cereus KCTC 3624) were observed in a 5 L stirred-tank fermenter. We also isolated the antimicrobial compound from an ethyl acetate fraction, and its chemical structure was identified as (S)-6-hydroxymellein (1) by ESI-MS, ¹H-NMR, and ¹³C-NMR. Consequently, the extract from P. rubefaciens NNIBRFG5039 may be used in functional materials for antimicrobial-related applications.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.550-557
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• 2014

Objectives: This study was conducted to examine the preferences and needs of typical Korean females adults for food and nutrition information provided by the mass media. Methods: A total of 343 females (77 in their 20s, 85 in their 30s, 88 in their 40s and 93 in their 50s) residing in the Seoul/Gyeonggido area was surveyed on general characteristics, main sources of food and nutrition information and needs for sources and contents of nutrition information. Results: The survey showed that typical Korean females obtained knowledge of food and nutrition mainly through the Internet (30.4%) and broadcasting (29.0%). Typical Korean females were interested in 'dietary management for weight control' (21.9%), 'the prevention and treatment of disease' (20.0%), 'food safety' (16.8%), 'proper dietary habits' (14.6%), 'cookery' (11.8%), 'functional foods' (9.6%), 'restaurant details' (3.5%) and 'life-cycle-specific dietary guideline' (1.6%). Needs for food and nutrition program forms on TV were 'educational programs' (34.3%), 'documentaries' (20.8), 'expert lecture-style' (13.0%), 'entertainment programs' (11.9%), 'expert conversation' (11.4%), 'news-style' (4.6%) and 'public campaign advertisements' (4.0%). On the Internet, 38.6% of the respondents preferred to get information provided by food and nutrition-related institutions (38.6%) while 26.1% preferred webtoons for nutritional information. The favored forms in mobile applications were 'monitoring their diets' (29.5%), 'data-based texts information' (21.4%), 'experts feedback' (20.6%), 'communities' (15.1%) and 'games' (13.1%). The rates of the preference to obtain information from experts such as nutritionists and dietitians and doctorsor dietitian turned reporters increased markedly with older ages. Conclusions: Since the mass media is a main source of food and nutrition information for the general public, the effectiveness and accuracy of the information provided should be enhanced by taking the needs of the public into account. The quality of information should be improved by involving more nutrition experts.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.71-78
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• 2015

Purpose - This study attempts to analyze whether or not there are characteristics among the top management of companies that promote corporate performance at venture companies. It investigates the characteristics of the human and social capital that are inherent in top management at a venture company and conducts an empirical analysis of hypotheses examining if these characteristics will affect utilization of the governmental R&D support system as well as affect the firm's initial success. Research design, data, and methodology - This study conducted theoretical and empirical research together to accomplish the goal of the study. The pilot study researched human capital and social capital as the independent variables; the governmental R&D support system as the parameter; and, the initial success as the dependent variable. The empirical study carried out research on the model, establishment of hypotheses, and the statistical treatment. A survey was conducted targeting top management of high-tech venture companies in Daedeok Innopolis; 500 questionnaires were distributed; and, 222 were collected. Results - The human and social capital inherent in top management at venture companies in the early stages of their existence become good evaluation data for those who are invested in similar resources. If top management includes strong human and social capital, access to external resources will be easier; these will have a positive influence on the selection of overnmental support systems; and, this proper support will also have a positive influence on the initial success of the venture company. The results revealed the following. First, it was found that when the educational level and functional background, (the top management human capital), are the output function, top management human capital had a significant influence on selection of governmental R&D support funds. Second, it was found that the internal social capital and external social capital, (the top management social capital), had a significant influence on selection of governmental R&D support tasks. Third, it was found that selection of the governmental R&D support tasks at the start of the venture company had a positive influence on the corporate financial performance such as sales, business profits, and the increase in workers; and, had a significant influence on nonfinancial performance such as market share, competitive position, product competitiveness, and the future product development. Conclusions - Selection of the governmental R&D support system is not recognized as part of the direct sales of a venture company in its early stages, but as it can reduce costs for technical development and helps significantly in creating test products and mass production, it has a positive influence on the company's financial performance and nonfinancial performance as a result. Therefore, companies should take great efforts to frequently be selected as a candidate in the governmental R&D support system, as it can help facilitate R&D that requires extensive funds. As a result, companies can expect effects such as job creation and patent applications and they can advance future product sales.