• 보건의료산업학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.67-78
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• 2019

Objectives: To identify the factors affecting the cognitive function according to the education level of people aged 65 or older. Methods: This study used the data from the 2014 survey of living conditions and welfare needs of Korean older adults. A total of 10,248 people were analyzed in the final analysis, not including those who responded by proxy and those who did not participate in cognitive function tests. Cognitive function was measured by Mini Mental State Examination -Dementia Screening(MMSE-DS), and logistic regression was performed using the SPSS/WIN 24.0 program. Results: There were differences in factors affecting cognitive function depending on the education level. Overall, regular exercise had a positive effect on maintaining cognitive function, and the higher the education level, the more important it was to maintain the Instrumental Activities of Daily Living(IADL). In addition, for lower education levels, improving the life satisfaction was important to prevent the decline of cognitive function. Conclusions: Based on the results of this research, it is suggested that customized approaches shoud be taken according to education level when developing and implementing programs to prevent the decline of cognitive function.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제31권9호
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• pp.1457-1467
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• 1998

The relationship between cognitive function and dietary patterns in Korean elderly women was investigated in this study. Twenty-four-hour dietary recall and cognitive function tests were performed in 170 elderly women aged over 60 years. Average age of the subjects was 71 years and the average number of family members was 3.3. Most of the subjects had less than seven years of education and their monthly income was much lower than the Korean average. Most of the subjects engaged in regular exercise and did not indulge in drinking and smoking. The average cognitive function score of the subjects was 58.4. Most of the subjects appeared to consume insufficient amount of food ; average intakes of energy, Ca, iron, vitamin A, and riboflavin were lower than RDA for the elderly. Cognitive function score was positively related to education level and regularity of exercise. Also, cognitive function score had a strong relationship with food intake such as total amounts of foods, fish and shellfish, milk and dairy products, total animal food, fruit, bread and sugar. Energy, protein, Ca, p, riboflavin, and niacin were also shown to have positive relationships to cognitive function score, while carbohydrate caloric ratio had a negative relationship with cognitive function. According to the results of multiple regression analysis, factors that most influenced on cognitive function were education level and riboflavin intake. The subjects who had more than seven years of education had significantly higher cognitive function scores than those with no school education. And cognitive function scores f3r those who consumed more than 2/3 of the RDA for most nutrients were significantly higher than the ones fir the subjects who consumed less than 2/3 of the RDA. These results suggest that proper education and adequate nutrient intake in quantity and quality by achieving food diversity are essential in maintaining cognitive function in later life (Korean J Nutrition 31(9) : 1457-1467, 1998)

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈B:순수및응용수학
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.27-42
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• 2021

In this paper, we exploit some known theta function identities involving two parameters ��k,n and ��′k,n for the theta function �� to find about 54 new values of the Ramanujan's cubic continued fraction.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈A:수학교육
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• 제57권4호
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• pp.477-491
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• 2018

In this paper we study in-service teachers' and pre-service teachers' recognition the domain in the problem concerning the continuity of a function. By a questionnaire survey we find out that most of in-service teachers and pre-service teachers are understanding the continuity of a function as explained in high school mathematics textbook, in which the continuity was defined by and focused on comparing the limit with the value of the function. We also notice that this kind of definition for the continuity of a function makes them trouble to figure out whether a function is continuous at an isolated point, and to determine that a given function is continuous on a region by not considering its domain explicitly. Based on these results we made several suggestions to improve for in-service teachers and pre-service teachers to understand the continuity of a function more exactly, including an introduction of a more formal words usage such as 'continuous on a region' in high school classroom.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제34권8호
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• pp.1468-1476
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• 2004

Purpose: A quasi-experimental study was performed to investigate the effects of a home visiting discharge education program on the maternal self-esteem, attachment, postpartum depression and family function in 35 mothers of neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) infants. Methods: Twenty-three mothers in the intervention group received the home visiting discharge education while 12 mothers in the control group received the routine, hospital discharge education. Baseline data was collected in both groups one day after delivery. The intervention group received the home visiting discharge education while the control group did the routine hospital-based discharge education. The questionnaire including the data on maternal self-esteem, attachment, postpartum depression and family function were collected within 1 week after the discharge by mail. Results: The scores of maternal self-esteem, and attachment were significantly increased, and the postpartum depression and the family function score were decreased after the home visiting discharge education in intervention group. There were no changes in these variables before and after the routine hospital-based discharge education in control group. Conclusion: These results support the beneficial effects of home visiting discharge education on the maternal role adaptation and family function of the mothers of NICU infants.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈A:수학교육
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• 제51권3호
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• pp.197-210
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• 2012

In this study, we will develop and implement the teaching program of 'Function', on the subject of "Poster-Making utilizing the Graph Art" in the Math Camp for middle-school students. And we will examine the didactical significance through student's activities and products. The teaching program of 'Function' utilizing the Graph Art can be promoted self-directly the understanding of 'Function' concept and the ability for handling 'Function'. In the process of drawing up the graph art, in particular, this program help students to promote the ability for problem-solving and mathematical thinking, and to communicate mathematically and attain the his own level. Ultimately, this program have a positive influence upon cognitive and affective and areas with regard to mathematics.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.221-231
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• 2016

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of participation in adult education on cognitive function, and the mediating effects of relationships with children among older adults. This study employed data from the 2011 Elderly Survey, and a total of 8,668 older adults over 65-years old were used for analysis. Multiple linear regression analyses were used to examine the mediating effect of relationship with children based on the approach proposed by Baron & Kenny (1986). The results showed that participation in adult education increased cognitive function of older adults. Adult education participation also increased satisfaction with relationship with children, and relationship with children was found to have a mediating effect. These findings suggest that there is a need to recognize the importance of the relationship between older adults and children when developing education programs for older adults.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈B:순수및응용수학
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.141-155
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• 2011

We compute zeta functions of 1-solenoids. When our 1-solenoid is nonorientable, we compute Artin-Mazur zeta function and Lefschetz zeta function of the 1-solenoid and its orientable double cover explicitly in terms of adjacency matrices and branch points. And we show that Artin-Mazur zeta function of orientable double cover is a rational function and a quotient of Artin-Mazur zeta function and Lefschetz zeta function of the 1-solenoid.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.245-255
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• 2004

Purpose: this study was to evaluate Cognitive Function Test for the Korean population. Digit Forward (DF), Digit Backward (DB) and Trail Making Test-A(TMT-A) and the translated version of the Trail Making Test-B (TMT-B) were used. The study examined the performance of Korean normal adult population whose age ranged from 20 to over 80. It was predicted that performances of the Korean population would be different from that of the United States population due primarily to their differences in language, and education. Method: Normal Korean adults at the Daejeon Metropolitan City and Chungchung Province (N=298) participated in this study. Seven age scores were evaluated; 20~29, 30~39, 40~49, 50~59, 60~69, 70~79, & >80s. The effects of age, gender, and years of education was examined, which yielded significant age and education effects. The scores were further specified accordingly in terms of years of education (0, 1~6, 7~12, 13~16, & >17), and gender. Result: As the age increased cognitive function score decreased. As the years of education increased, cognitive function scores increased. There was no difference in cognitive function scores according to gender. Age and year of education had significant effects on cognitive function and explained 52-58% of variants of each test. Conclusion: The data of the cognitive function tests are expected to be utilized for research purposes such as basic and clinical studies, as well as practical purpose such as cognitive assessment for traumatic brain injury, stroke, and elderly and nursing education for assessment tools.

• Kyungpook Mathematical Journal
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• 제50권3호
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• pp.371-378
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• 2010

In this paper, we establish new inequalities of Ostrowski's type for functions whose derivatives in absolute value are (${\alpha}$, m)-convex.