• Journal of Practical Agriculture & Fisheries Research
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.49-54
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• 2018

To select the superior strain of Haesongi, Hypsizigus marmoreus, strains were isolated by Di-Mono mating with isolates from different fruit bodies. Three strains were selected to superior isolates that are good mycelial growth on PDA medium for 10days. When cultured on PDA medium for 10 days, strain No. 3 and strain No. 7 showed mycelial growth of 62mm and 58mm, respectively. Mycelial growth was good in the order of strain No. 2, 10, and 9. The three selected strains, KNCAF-H-3, KNCAF-H-7 and KNCAF-H-2, were cultured in sawdust medium for 10 days and showed mycelial growth of 79mm, 76mm and 73mm respectively. The mycelial growth of the selected three cultivars was better than that of Greenpeace No 5, a control cultivar grown at 55mm.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.236-238
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• 2018

This study investigated the characteristics of different cultivars of Lentinula edodes in sawdust culture at different cultivation days. Between cultivation days 30-120, the color of 'Sanjo701ho' displayed a reduction in L value (brightness) from $83.8{\pm}2.5$ to $45.7{\pm}2.3$, values a and b increased, but hardness decreased from $9.4{\pm}0.9g/mm$ to $2.6{\pm}0.2g/mm$. Between cultivation days 30-120, 'Nongjingo' displayed a reduction in L value from $86.2{\pm}2.1$ to $53.4{\pm}1.3$. Values a and b increased with longer cultivation; however, hardness decreased from $4.8{\pm}0.7g/mm$ on day 30 to $3.8{\pm}1.0g/mm$ on day 120. 'Sanjo701ho' was first harvested at 46 days after a 30-, 89 days after a 60-, 8 days after a 90- (the shortest), and 9 days after a 120-day cultivation. The average fruit body weight was the highest on day 90 of cultivation, at 48.3 g, when the diameter and thickness of the mushroom cap also appeared highest. However, the colorimetric results showed that fruiting bodies produced in the culture medium for 120 cultivation days showed the most excellent commercial properties. 'Nongjingo' was first harvested at 22 days after a 30-, 18 days after a 60-, 8 days after a 90- (the shortest), and 9 days after a 120-day cultivation. Therefore, this study determined that a stable quantity of mushrooms with high commerciality can be produced with 120 cultivation days, considering the shiitake culture and the characteristics of the fruit body.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.73-78
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• 2006

Attempts were made to investigate the physiological and genetic changes when two different shiitake (Lentinula edodes) strains are mixed. Mycelial growth of KFRI 180 strain and KFRI 1 strain were investigated 82 mm and 80 mm, respectively. Concerning the weight loss percentage of medium, KFRI 1 strain decreased 2.4% and KFRI 180 strain 1.6%. Plug-shaped spawn had no-problem to incubate and there were no differences among the ratios of mixture. Also, conditions of plug-shaped spawns were similar, When the isolated mycelia from plugshaped spawns was incubated again, KFRI 1 50%-KFRI 180 50% showed decreased growth of mycelia compared with other treatments. The same results were obtained from test tubes filled with sawdust. When surface of spawn bottles were observed, KFRI 1 50%-KFRI 180 50% showed spots, but other treatments were not different from KFRI 1 and KFRI 180. Test was made to confirm the strains by confrontation culture. The mixture of two strains was proved to be KFRI 1 regardless the ratios of mixture. However, by the RAPD primer analysis, when KFRI 1 was mixed with KFRI 180, KFRI 180 was stronger. Thus, the confrontation line on PDA was different from the bands analysis by primers. Attempts were made whether the fruit-bodies were made at the generating condition of spawn bottles. The results were that KFRI 1 100%, KFRI 1 90%-KFRI 180 10%, KFRI 1 80%-KFRI 180 20%, KFRI 1 50%-KFRI 180 50% treatment showed fruit-body formation. The shape of fruit-body was deformed, but the gill was made normally.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.88-95
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• 2021

This study was carried out to breed new variety of Pleurotus nebrodensis. We have collected and tested characteristics of genetic resources from domestic and abroad since 2015. The varieties of P. nebrodensis from China are grown by farmers, but those have been unstable fruiting and are weak against bacterial diseases. To solve this problem, we bred the unique domestic variety 'Uram' of P. nebrodensis and the results of the characteristic test for the new 'Uram' are as follows. The proper temperature for the mycelial growth was 26~29℃ and fruit body growth temperature was 15~18℃. It was similar to the control variety KME65035 of P. nebrodensis in the pileus form of a flat and white color. The number of days required for initial fruting was 5 days for bottle cultivation and 6 days for bag cultivation which was 2-4 days shorter than that of the control variety. The pileus diameter was 32.6-37.0 mm which was smaller but the fruit body length was 130.4 mm, which was longer than those of the control variety. The effective number of fruit bodies was 1.8 in bottle cultivation and 2.9 in bag cultivation, which was more than those of the control variety. The yield rate was 93.3-100%, which was more stable than those of the control variety. In bottle cultivation and bag cultivation, the yield was 173.1 g/bottle (1100 cc) and 283.4 g/bag (1.2 kg), respectively, which was 25-44% higher than those of the control variety 138.0 g/bottle (1100 cc) and 197.4 g bag (1.2 kg). When incubating the parent and control varieties of 'Uram', the replacement line was clear and as a result of mycelial DNA RAPD-PCR reaction, the band pattern was different from that of the parent and control varieties, confirming the hybrid species.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.300-308
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of diabetes education on diabetic management by determining the changes of the knowledge and practice for diet therapy and blood glucose level pre-training and post-training. Statistical data analyses were completed using the SPSS 11.0 program. The results can be summarized as follows : The average age of the subjects was 52.8 years old, the period of suffering from diabetes was 7.9 years and 31% of the patients had a history of diabetes in their family members. In life style for self-management, they showed lower levels in drinking post-training, and significantly higher exercise levels post-training (P<0.05). Regarding the level of knowledge for diet, they showed significantly higher levels post-training in eight items such as importance of diet therapy for diabetes (p<0.005), principle of diet therapy (p<0.005), nutrient composition of foods (p<0.005), carbohydrate composition of foods (p<0.005), calorie prescribed to themselves (p<0.001), exchange units prescribed to themselves (p<0.005), exchange food items and exchanges units of cereal & grains (p<0.005) and exchange food items and exchanges units of fruit & juices (p<0.005). Regarding the practices of diet, they showed significantly higher levels of practice in keeping permitted meal size (p<0.005), using food exchange list (p<0.005), keeping exact meal times (p<0.001) and restricting most foods to eat (P<0.01) post-training. When measuring their bodies, average weight was lower post-training. Obesity was significantly lower post-training (p<0.01), and blood pressure both in systolic and diastolic was lower. Postcardinal-2hour blood glucose level decreased significantly from 268.4$\pm$98.9 pre-training to 180.9$\pm$48.4 post-training (p<0.001).

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.187-194
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• 2018

Eritadenine (EA), derived from Lentinus edodes (LE), reduced low-density lipoprotein (LDL), triglyceride (TG), and phospholipids in bloods, and fatty acid depositions in animals and humans. Previously, we reported that EA inhibited angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activity in vitro. Now, we report that EA reduced blood pressures in spontaneous hypertension rats (SHR). EA-containing LE mycelial culture enzyme extract (EA-LEMSCEE) was prepared from LE mycelial solid cultures and the hot-water extract of LE fruit bodies. Both EA and EA-LEMSCEE inhibited ACE activity in immortalized human umbilical endothelial cells (EA.hy926). EA-LEMSCEE treatments (7.5 mg/kg, 22.5 mg/kg) significantly reduced systolic and diastolic blood pressure in SHR. At five weeks of treatment, EA-LEMSCEE treatment significantly reduced systolic and diastolic blood pressure, similar to the positive control (captopril, CP; 4 mg/kg) treatment. In addition, the LEMSCEE without EA decreased systolic and diastolic blood pressures compared to the control, but not significant. EA-LEMSCEE decreased renin and ACE activities, and angiotensin II (Ang II) contents in SHR compared to the control. After five weeks of treatment, the effect of EA-LEMCEE was similar to that of CP. These results indicate that EA and EA-LEMSCEE reduce blood pressure by inhibiting the renin and ACE activity of SHR. Furthermore, these results imply that EA or EA-LEMSCEE could be used as an antihypertension agent in humans.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.51-58
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• 2001

Entomopathogenic fungus, Paecilomyces japonicus, has been commercially used as medicinal purpose . The silkworm, Bombyx mori, as an optimal host for the fungi, has been selected and used for the production of the fungal fruit bodies. In current method, newly molted fifth instal larvae should be exposed to the adverse stress environment of high temperature (3$0^{\circ}C$), high relative humidity ( 90%), and starvation for 24h for better fungal inoculation to the host insects. In this study, an alternative method using chemical agent, dexamethasone (DEX: an eicosanoid biosynthesis inhibitor), was tried to get the immunodepressive effect on the larvae to elevate the inoculation rate of the fungi to the silkworm without any harsh rearing environment. DEX (100$\mu\textrm{g}$) showed significantly synergistic effect on the hemocyte lethality of the fungus, and was effective to decrease cellular immune responses measured by the number of hemocyte microaggregation and phenoloxidase activity of the fifth instar larvae in response to the fungal injection. A detergent of 0.05% Triton-X was effective to increase the in- oculation rate of the fungi to the larvae and used in all fungal spraying solutions. Without any environ- mental stress treatment, only DEX (100$\mu\textrm{g}$) injection to the fifth instar larvae followed by the fungal spray was effective to get the inoculation rate equivalent to the current fungal spray method requiring harsh rearing environment. These results suggest that the inoculation of P. japonicus can be elevated by the help of DEX and that the silkworms use eicosanoids to elicit cellular immune response against fungal pathogen.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.169-174
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• 2004

A hot water extract(HWE-P4) was separated from the fruit bodies of PMO-P4, and its antitumor and immunomodulatory activities against sarcoma-180 in ICR mice were investigated. The internal transcribed spacer(ITS) regions from PMO-P4 were amplified using polymerase chain reaction(PCR) and sequenced. The results revealed that PMO-P4 was belong to the Phellinus baumii. When oral administration at the dose of 160mg/kg/day in the mice until the end of the experiment with 2 week's pre-feeding of the HWE-P4, the survival rate of the mice was 152% for 50days after the inoculation of sarcoma-180 and the suppression rate of the tumor growth was 35.3%(p<0.05) for 28 days after inoculation of sarcoma-180. The HWE-P4 increased 71.4% of the CD4/CD8 ratio and 5-fold of the expression of CD25(IL-2 receptor chain) compared with the control. From these results, the antitumor activity of HWE-P4 is exerted through its immunomodulating activity on the host's immune system.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.364-373
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to investigate the body composition, biochemical parameters, and consumption of convenience foods according to ${\beta}$-3 adrenergic receptor polymorphism in university students. A survey was conducted on a total of 486 students - 189 males and 297 females. Based on a self-reporting method, questionnaires were administered for over 20 minutes, and ${\beta}$-3 adrenergic receptor and blood samples were also analyzed. The genotype frequencies of ${\beta}$-3 adrenergic receptor polymorphism were Trp/Trp homozygote (73.0%) and Trp/Arg heterozygote (27.0%) in male students. For the female students, the distribution of genotypes was Trp/Trp (71.0%) and Trp/Arg (29.0%). There were no differences according to biochemical parameters (ALT, cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and hemoglobin) or body composition. Males with TT genotype frequently ate Ramyon (2.40${\pm}$0.52), Cup Ramyon (2.37${\pm}$0.39), Kimchi (2.23${\pm}$0.61), and frozen meat (2.00${\pm}$0.44), whereas males with TA genotype ate Fries (frozen food) (1.90${\pm}$0.79), Smoked meat (1.67${\pm}$0.81), and Canned fruit (1.64${\pm}$0.81). Females with TT genotype frequently ate Frozen fries (2.21${\pm}$0.35), Kimbab (2.12${\pm}$0.44), and Ramyon (1.85${\pm}$0.40), whereas females with TA genotype frequently ate Kimchi (1.73${\pm}$0.98), Fries (frozen food) (1.46${\pm}$0.26), and Cup Ramyon (1.30${\pm}$0.34). When questioned about satisfaction about body shape, 22.8 and 60.8% of those with TT genotype answered that they were 'satisfied' or needed to 'lose weight', respectively, whereas 18.0 and 63.9% of those with TA genotype answered that they were 'satisfied' or needed to 'lose weight', respectively. In conclusion, this study found no significant effects in terms of ${\beta}$-3 adrenergic receptor polymorphism, which suggests that health-promoting education needs to be developed so that university students appropriately recognize their bodies and control their weight in desirable ways. Therefore, it is necessary to educate individuals with TT genotype how to buy reasonable foods by understanding the interrelationship between convenience foods and health care and by checking the nutrition index labels on convenience foods. Thus, it is recommended that a health-promoting program be developed for the promotion of healthy lifestyles.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.42-47
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• 1987

4 strains of the oak mushroom Lentinus edodes including the strain ASI 3046 were collected home and abroad to investigate the characterics of mycelial growth on synthetic media and sawdust media. The possibility of artificial culture of Lentinus edodes on media composed of different saw dusts and adding materials was investigated. Results were as follows: The optimum temperature for growth ranged from $22^{\circ}C$ to $26^{\circ}C$ among the lineages of Lentinus edodes. The optimal growth temperature for ASI 3046 strain and ASI 3047 strain was $26^{\circ}C$ and $22^{\circ}C$, respectively. The optimal carbon source for ASI 3046 strain was glucose, and peptone and ammoinum tartrate were proved excellent as nitrogen sources. When Lentinus edodes was cultured on sawdust media by varying the mixing ratio of different sawdusts and adding materials, mixed sawdust media composed of oak sawdust(50%, v/v), poplar sawdust(50%, v/v), acorn powder(5%, v/v) and rice bran(10%, v/v) showed higher yields of fruit bodies. Results showed that the ideal strain of Lentinus edodes for artificial culture on sawdust media was strain ASI 3046.