• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.649-653
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• 1996

제호탕의 화학성분을 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 제호탕의 일반성분으로는 수분 22.40%, 조단백질 1.31%, 조지방 1.24%, 회분 0.80%를 그리고 탄수화물은 74.25% 를 나타내었다. 한편 pH는 3.22로 나타났다. 총 유리당이 31.5%로 비교적 많은 당이 함유되어 있었고 유리당함량은 fructose 15.3%, glucose 13.6%, sucrose 0.42%, maltose 1.18%였으며 isomaltose가 미량 함유되는 것으로 추정 되었고 그밖에 raffinose, maltotriose, molezitose는 검출되지 않았다. 제호탕의 아미노산 조성은 leucine이 9.6mg으로 가장 높은 수치를 나타냈으며 arginine, valine, phenylalanine 등의 순이었다. 총 아미노산에 대한 필수아미노산의 비율은 40%이었다. 지방함량 1.24% 중 이를 구성하는 지방산은 palmitic acid 14.6%, stearic acid 4.2%, oleic acid 52.7%, linoleic acid 28.5%를 차지하고 있었다. 금속의 함량은 칼슘(Ca) 582.7ppm, 마그네슘(Mg) 174.4ppm, 아연(Zn) 5.2ppm, 인(P) 252.2ppm, 망간(Mn) 7.9ppm, 나트륨(Na) 404.0ppm, 철(Fe) 56.4ppm, 칼륨(K) 2430.5ppm, 구리 (Cu) 2.6ppm이었다.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.189-197
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• 2013

This study was conducted to determine the meat quality characteristics of pork belly from 3 different two-way crossbreeds of Yorkshire${\times}$Landrace (YL), Yorkshire${\times}$Berkshire (YB), and Yorkshire${\times}$Chester White (YC), which were domesticated for Korean consumers. Twenty pigs from each crossbreed (total n=60) were randomly selected when they reached the 110-120 kg range of market weight, slaughtered, and cooled at $0^{\circ}C$ for 24 h. The pork bellies on the left side of the cooled carcasses were then sampled and analyzed. The pH of pork bellies was the lowest in YC among the crossbreds. There was no significant difference in fat content by crossbred, but YB bellies had the lowest moisture content (p<0.05). The cooking loss of YB bellies was lower than those of others (p<0.05). The TBARS values in YB was significantly higher than those of the others at 14 d. YL bellies had a higher percentage of stearic acid, oleic acid, and MUFA than the other breeds, while YB and YC had a higher percentage of myristic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, and n-6 fatty acids than the YB (p<0.05). PUFA content and P/S were significantly higher in YC compared with YL. Except for arginine, the concentrations of most free amino acids were higher in YB bellies than in others, (p<0.05). Sensory evaluation scores of bellies were higher for YC than for other breeds (p<0.05).

• 생명과학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.192-197
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• 2009

브로콜리 싹의 생리활성 기능과 이용 가능성에 관한 연구의 일환으로 브로콜리 싹의 일반성분 및 영양성분을 측정한 결과는 다음과 같다. 일반성분은 건물(dry basis)을 기준으로 수분 함량은 2.04%, 조단백질 22.04%, 조지방 12.80%, 조회분 6.25% 및 탄수화물 56.87%를 함유하였다. 구성당은 ribose가 가장 많았고 다음으로 fructose, glucose 순으로 총 3종이 검출 되었다. 아미노산은 lysine 함량이 691.09 mg%로 가장 많이 함유되었고, 다음으로 leucine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, arginine, phenylalanine, valine 순으로 검출 되었다. 브로콜리 싹의 구성 지방산 중 포화지방산 함량은 palmitic acid가 가장 높았으며 arachidic acid, lignoceric acid, behenic acid 순으로 나타났다. 불포화지방산은 cis-11,14-eicosatrienoic acid가 가장 높았으며 linolenic acid, linoleic acid, oleic acid 순으로 나타났다. 유기산은 총 3종의 유기산이 검출되었으며, 이 중 lactic acid가 가장 많았고, 다음으로 malic acid, citric acid 순으로 검출되었다. 비타민 A와 E의 함량은 각각 0.06 mg%와 0.82 mg%이었다. 무기질은 총 8종의 무기질 성분이 검출되었으며, 이 중 K 함량이 가장 많았으며, 다음으로 Mg, Na, Fe 순이었고 Zn, Mn, Cu의 함량은 미량이 었다. 이상의 결과 브로콜리 싹은 필수아미노산 및 필수지방산을 비롯한 항산화 비타민과 무기질을 다량 함유하고 있어 브로콜리 싹의 식품 재료로의 이용화가치가 한층 더 높아질 것으로 기대되어지며, 브로콜리 싹 분말을 이용한 다양한 조리법의 개발과 더불어 가공식품 및 기능성 식품으로의 제품 개발이 필요하다.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제79권4호
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• pp.345-351
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• 1990

잣종자의 영양분(營養分) 함량(含量)을 알기위하여 일반분석(一般分析), 아미노산(酸) 분석(分析), 지방산(脂肪酸) 분석(分析), 비타민 분석(分析)을 행하였다. 그 결과(結果)를 요약(要約) 하면 다음과 같다. 1. 일반분석(一般分析)에서 잣종자에 함유(含有)된 수분(水分)은 4.4%, 조단백질(粗蛋白質)은 18.3%, 조지방(粗脂肪)은 67.3%, 조섬유(粗纖維)는 4.7%, 회분(灰分)은 2.2%, 가용성(可溶性) 무질소물(無窒素物)은 3.1% 였다. 2. 아미노산(酸)은 모두 18종(種), 즉 lysine, histidine, arginine, aspartic acid, threonine, serine, glutamic acid, proline, glycine, alanine, valine, methionine, isoleucine, leucine, tyrosine, phenylalanine, cysteic acid, tryptophan 등이 분석(分析)되였으며 이중 가장 많이 함유(含有)된 성분(成分)은 glutamic acid 였다. 3. 필수(必須) 아미노산(酸) 10종(種) 즉, arginine, histidine, lysine, threonine, valine, methionine, isoleucine, leucine, phenylalanine, tryptophan 등이 모두 함유(含有)되어 있었다. 4. 지방산(脂肪酸)은 모두 13종(種) 즉, myristic acid, palmitic acid, palmitoleic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, arachidic acid, 9 icosenoic acid, 9, 11-icosenoic acid, 8, 11, 14-icosatrienoic acid, 그리고 알 수 없는 2종(種)의 8읍 지방산(脂肪酸)등이 함유(含有)되어 있었다. 필수지방산(必須脂肪酸)인 linoleic acid와 linolenic acid 모두 함유(含有)되어 있었으며, 가장 많이 함유(含有)된 지방산(脂肪酸)은 linoleic acid 였다. 5. 비타민 A, $B_1$, $B_2$, E, niacin 등 5종(種)의 비타민이 함유(含有)되어 있었으며, 이중 가장 많은 것은 비타민 E 였다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제40권9호
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• pp.1271-1278
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• 2011

천년초의 부위별 영양성분을 알아보고자 전남 여수시 돌산읍의 라파엘 농장에서 재배되고 있는 천년초의 열매, 줄기, 꽃을 동결건조한 후 분석하였다. 일반성분 중 조 단백함량은 꽃이 가장 높게 나타났으며, 조 지방 함량은 열매, 조 회분은 줄기, 조 섬유는 열매와 줄기에서 가장 높게 나타났다. 무기질 함량 중 칼슘, 칼륨, 마그네슘, 나트륨, 망간은 줄기, 철분과 아연은 열매와 꽃, 구리는 꽃이 가장 높게 나타났다. 구성 아미노산의 경우 열매는 proline, glutamic acid, aspartic acid, leucine 순으로 높게 나타났으며, 줄기는 glutamic acid, aspartic acid, leucine, lysine 순으로 높았고, 꽃은 glutamic acid, aspartic acid, leucine, lysine 순으로 높았으며, 아미노산의 총 함량은 꽃, 줄기, 열매 순으로 높게 나타났다. 천년초의 주된 포화지방산은 palmitic acid와 stearic acid, 단일 불포화지방산은 oleic acid와 palmitoleic acid, 다 불포화지방산은 linoleic acid와 linolenic acid로 나타났다. 유리당의 주된 성분은 sucrose, fructose, glucose였으며, 당 함량은 열매가 가장 높았고 다음으로 꽃, 줄기 순으로 나타났다. 천년초의 주된 유기산으로는 malic acid와 citric acid로 나타났으며, 유기산 총 함량은 열매, 꽃, 줄기순으로 높게 나타났다. 비타민 A의 함량은 꽃이 가장 높게 나타났고, 비타민 C의 함량은 열매에서 가장 높게 나타났다. 이러한 결과로 볼 때 지금까지 천년초의 가공제품은 주로 열매를 이용하였으나 줄기와 꽃에도 영양성분이 풍부하므로 앞으로는 줄기와 꽃을 이용하여 가공제품을 개발할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제50권4호
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• pp.291-300
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• 2005

This study was focuses on the variation of isoflavone contents during seed development and their interaction with major chemical components such as protein, amino acids, saccaharides, lipid and fatty acids. During maturing, lipid, protein, and amino acid contents in soybean seeds showed the highest values at R7 stages, but isoflavone contents were increased until R8 stage. It was noted that malonyl glucosides $(64.2\%)$ are predominant forms among conjugated isoflavones followed by glucosides $(30.7\%)$, acetyl glucosides $(4.1\%)$ and aglycones $(0.9\%)$. Sucrose and stachyose were presented as a major saccharide in soybean seeds. As maturing days progressed, they were constantly increased and the highest contents were observed at R8 stage. While small quantities of raffinose, fructose, glucose, maltose, DP3 (DP: degree of polymerization), DP6, and DP7 were detected. These results showed that saccharide composition at the beginning of seed development is primarily monosaccharides with little sucrose and oligosaccharides, but as maturing days proceeds, sucrose and starch increase with concomitant decrease in monosaccharides. Sucrose and stachyose were positively correlated with isoflavone (r=0.780, 0.764 at p<0.01, respectively), while fructose, glucose, maltose, and DP7 were negatively correlated (r=-0.651, -0.653, -0.602, and -0.586 at p<0.05, respectively). Soybeans at R8 stage were high in protein and amino acid, but low in free amino acid contents. Protein and amino acid contents showed positively significant correlations with isoflavone (r=0.571 and 0.599 at p<0.05, respectively), but free amino acid content were negatively correlation with isoflavone (r=-0.673, p<0.01). The lipid content reaches its final content relatively early stage of seed development and remains constant as compared with other chemical components. Among the fatty acids, although varietal difference was presented, stearic acid and linolenic acid were gradually decreased, while oleic and linoleic acid were increased as seed maturing progressed. Lipid was significantly correlated (r=0.754, p<0.01) with isoflavones. However, neither saturated fatty acid nor unsaturated fatty acids significantly affected the isoflavone contents of maturing soybean seeds.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.141-153
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• 1991

Free amino acid(FAA), free fatty acid(FFA), and amino acid obtained by hydrolysis of protein components of cystic fluid(CF) of Cysticercus cellulosae in pig and man were analyzed. FFA was analyzed by gas chromatography using Varian model 2700, and flame ionization detector with 6 feet${\times}$1/4inch glass column. Flow rate of $N_2$ was 30 ml/min, $H_2$ was 30 ml/min, air was 350 ml/min respectively and chart speed was 1 cm/min. Amino acid was analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography using Waters model 441, and fluorescence detector at 338nm/425nm with column of amino acid analyzer. Buffer A of mobile phase was pH 3.05 and pH of buffer B was 9.6 respectively. The results obtained were as follows : Seven FFAs containing 12~18 carbons were detected : Saturated fatty acids were lauric acid ($C_{12}$), myristic acid($C_{14}$), palmitic acid($C_{16}$), Stearic acid($C_{18}$). Unsaturated fatty acids were oleic acid($C_{12}^{=1}$), linoleic acid($C_{12}^{=2}$), and one unidentified fatty acid was detected. Generally much more quantity of FFA was determined in CF obtained from pig than that from man. FFA of the largest quantity was palmitic acid; 0.078 mg/ml. Eighteen FAAs were detected and the largest quantity was alanine. Ouantity of alanine was 386 ug/ml in CF from pig 108 ug/ml in CF from man respectively. while histidine in CF from pig was 273 ug/ml, that from man was only 4.3 ug/ml. Eighteen amino acids were identified by hydrolysis of protein in CF from man. But, histidine was not identified in CF from pig. Amino from pig and ug/ml from man.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.370-374
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• 1985

독특한 맛과 냄새성분 때문에 남도지방의 특산물로서 우리나라에서 즐겨 이용되고 있는 마른가오리의 풍미성분을 밝힐 목적으로 유리아미노산, 핵산관련물질, 총크레아티닌 및 베타인등의 정미성분과 지방산 그리고 냄새성분을 분석하였다. 마른가오리의 VBN 및 아미노질소는 각각 60.98mg% 및 95.82mg%였으며, 카르보닐값은 97.67meq/kg였고 pH는 7.18이었다. 유리아미노산함량은 1773.3mg%이었고 이중 taurine, lysine, leucine, alanine, glycine, glutamic acid, proline 및 valine 등이 전체의 80%정도를 차지하였다. 핵산관련물질중에서는 hypoxanthine의 함량이 가장 많았다. 전엑스분질소 함량은 1965.6mg% 이었으며 이중 암모니아질소가 519.0mg%로써 가장 많았고 다음으로 유리 아미노산질소, 총크레아티닌질소 및 핵산관련물질소 순이었다. 총지질에 대한 구성비는 중성지질이 92.5%, 인지질이 5.5%였으며 총지질과 중성지질에서는 폴리엔산이 각각 42.0%, 45.3%로써 가장 많은 량을 차지하였고 인지질에서는 포화산과 폴리엔산이 39% 정도로서 비슷한 양이었다. 총지질, 중성지질 및 인지질에서 양적으로 많은 지방산은 $C_{16:0},\;C_{22:6},\;C_{18:1},\;C_{18:0},\;C_{20:4}$ 순이었다. 또한 냄새성분중 휘발성지방산은 8종이 동정되었는데 이중 고린내 특유의 냄새성분을 나타내는 isocaproic acid, caproic acid, isobutyric acid 및 butyric acid 등이 많은 비율적 차지하였고 휘발성카르보닐화합물에서도 8종이 동정되어 이중 2-butanone, pentanal 및 2-methylpropanal등이 많은 비율을 차지하였다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제45권6호
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• pp.570-578
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• 2012

The present study investigated the effect of diets supplemented with different levels (0, 1, 3, and 5 %) of fig leaf ethanol extract (FLEE) on the nutritional composition of black rockfish Sebastes schlegeli. Fish ($10.05{\pm}0.44g$) were fed to apparent satiation twice daily for 8 weeks. Adding FLEE decreased crude lipid levels and increased crude protein and ash. Among the three organic acids in the whole body of black rockfish, lactic acid was predominant, followed by citric acid and oxalic acid. Five free sugars were found in all groups. Fucose and glucose were the dominant free sugars in the FLEE-added group. The abundant fatty acids in the FLEE-added group were C16:0, C18:1-cis (n9), and C22:6n-3. The major amino acids in the samples were glutamic acid, aspartic acid, glycine, leucine, alanine, lysine, and arginine. The abundant free amino acids in the FLEE-added group were taurine, glutamic acid, alanine, leucine, and arginine.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.43-50
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• 2005

We evaluated the nutritional composition of the siphon of the surf clam Tresus keenae in regard to the presence of nitrogenous [amino acids, nucleotides and their related compounds, total creatinine, betaine, trimethylamine oxide (TMAO), and trimethylamine (TMA)] and non­nitrogenous compounds (sugars and organic acids), lipid fatty-acid composition, and occurrence of minerals. The content of total free amino acids was 660.27 $\pm$ 7.94 mg/100 g, and the predominant amino acids were arginine, alanine, sarcosine, glycine, and glutamic acid. These amino acids accounted for $71\;\%$ of the total free amino acids. Among the nucleotides and their related compounds, inosine was the major component and comprised 40.38 $\pm$ 0.02 mg/100 g. Free amino acids were the largest contributor to total extracted nitrogen, comprising $49.94\%$, followed by total creatinine, betaine, nucleotides, and ammonia; the contribution of TMAO and TMA was small. For the non-nitrogenous compounds, malic acid, propionic acid, and succinic acid comprised the major portion of the ten kinds of organic acids detected, and the sugars found were glucose, maltose, and arabinose, which were estimated to be $147.0\pm7.15,\;34.45\pm1.09,\;and\;1.21\pm0.02\;mg/100\;g,$ respectively. The predominant minerals were Na and K, which comprised $11.43\pm1.06\;and\;9.46\pm1.02\;mg/100\;g,$ respectively. The major fatty acids were C22:6, C20:5, C23:0, C18:3, and C16:0 in the lipid fractions. The 23:0 level of glycolipid (GL) was the highest of any other lipid fraction. The amount of total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in the lipid fractions was higher, ranging from $58.22\%\;in\;GL\;to\;77.1\%$ in phospholipid (PL), compared to the saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids. Of the n-3 fatty acids, C20:5 and C22:6 contributed $35.30-64.44\%$ of PUFA in the lipid fractions. The ratios of n-3 to n-6 PUFA in total lipid (TL), neutral lipid (NL), PL, and GL were 4.35, 4.26, 6.69, and 2.04, respectively.