• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.229-232
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• 2013

Traumatic fracture-dislocations of the hip frequently result from high-energy injury, and hip dislocations are commonly associated with severe concomitant injuries. Sciatic nerve injury often accompanies traumatic fracture-dislocation of the hip, but neurologic examination at the time of injury is difficult in severely traumatized patients with decreased consciousness. We present such a case of multiple traumas with traumatic hip dislocation and sciatic nerve injury after reduction, and we found that magnetic resonance image (MRI) played an important role in developing a management plan.

• 대한정형외과스포츠의학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.39-45
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• 2009

목적: 중 고교 태권도 선수의 경기 중 발생한 골절 및 탈구의 발생 양상과 원인을 조사하여 그 예방법을 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 2005년부터 2007년 사이에 매년 열린 전국 중 고교 태권도 대회에서 발생한 골절 및 탈구 50례를 대상으로 조사하였다. 각 손상의 양상과 원인을 분석하고 32례에서 1년 후 설문조사로 추시 조사하였으며 적절한 치료와 예방을 위한 방법을 연구하였다. 결과: 족부 골절 26례(52%), 수부 골절15례(30%), 전완부 골절 9례(18%)가 발생하였다. 32례의 1년 후 설문 조사에서 치료만족이 9례(28%), 보통이 15례(47%), 불만족이 8례(25%)였으며 불만족의 원인으로 충분한 휴식 부족(7례), 과도한 훈련(5례), 무리한 경기 출전(6례) 등이 있었고, 21례(67%)에서 부상에서 완전 회복되기 전에 훈련에 복귀하였다. 결론: 중 고교 태권도 선수에서 발생하는 골절 및 탈구의 원인은 상, 하지의 타박 손상과 족부 무지가 지면에 접질리며 발생하는 고속 과굴곡 손상이었으며 이의 예방과 치료를 위해 보다 안전한 보호 장구의 개발과 경기장 시설 개선, 그리고 충분한 휴식과 교육이 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.190-198
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• 2007

목적: 주관절 골절이나 탈구로 인해 일차적으로 수술적 치료를 받은 후 불량한 임상적, 방사선학적 결과를 보이는 환자를 대상으로 반구속형 인공 주관절 전 치환술을 시행하여 그 임상적 결과 및 효용성을 알아 보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 1995년 1월부터 2005년 12월까지 주관절 부위 골절 혹은 탈구로 수술적 치료를 시행한 환자 중 반구속형 인공 주관절 전 치환술을 시행한 12예를 대상으로 하였다. 처음 수상시 진단은 상완골 원위부 골절이 8예, 주관절부 골절 및 탈구가 4예였다. 첫 수술 후 평균 12개월 후에 반구속형 인공 주관절 전 치환술을 시행하였고 추시 기간은 평균 43개월 이었다. 결과: 술후 환자의 평균 능동적 관절 운동 범위는 술전과 비교하여 신전은 14.2도에서 5.4도로, 굴곡은 96.7도에서 122.1도로, 회외전은 50.8도에서 63.3도로, 회내전은 53.3도에서 67.5도로 향상되었다(p<0.05). 환자 중 3예에서는 상완골에서 방사선학적 투과선이 관찰되었으며 각각 제 3형 1예, 제 4형 2예가 있었다. 이들은 모두 재치환술을 시행하였다. 술후 Mayo 주관절 기능 평가 점수는 평균 79점이었다. 최우수는 6예, 우수 2예, 불량 4예였다. 결론: 주관절부 골절 및 탈구로 인한 손상에 대해 일차적인 수술적 치료 후 실패한 경우에 인공 주관절 전 치환술을 시도하여 양호한 임상 결과를 얻을 수 있었다.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.37-39
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• 2019

Irreducible dislocation of the elbow is an uncommon event. We present the case of a posterolateral elbow dislocation after a fall injury in a 67-year-old woman. A closed reduction performed in the emergency department was unsuccessful since the limited passive range of motion resulted in difficulty to perform longitudinal traction and flexion. Computed tomography images showed that the posterolateral aspect of the capitellum was impacted by the tip of the coronoid process, thus appearing similar to the Hill-Sachs lesion in the humeral head. Subsequent open reduction of the elbow revealed the dislocation to be irreducible since the tip of the coronoid process had wedged into a triangular Hill-Sachs-like lesion in the capitellum. The joint was reduced by providing distal traction on the forearm, and main fragments were disengaged using digital pressure. At the 3-month follow-up, the patient reported no dislocations, and had an acceptable range of motion. Thus, we propose that to avoid iatrogenic injury to the joint or other nearby structures, irreducible dislocations should not be subjected to repeated manipulation.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.170-176
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• 2021

Purpose: Traumatic sternal fractures are rare but quite disabling injuries. Timely fixation of sternal fractures reduces pain and prevents respiratory complications. However, the fixation technique should be simple, effective, and readily available in local circumstances. Methods: From January 2014 to March 2020, seven patients with sternal fracture/dislocation underwent steel wire fixation with the new "Timala" technique. In this technique, adjacent ribs are anchored with two steel wires to form an "X" in front of the fractured segment of the sternum. Patients were followed up clinically and radiologically. Results: Six of the patients were men and one was a female. Five of them had injuries due to falls and two were injured in road traffic accidents. Their age ranged from 18 years to 76 years, with a median age of 41 years. All seven patients experienced immediate recovery from pain and showed evidence of fracture healing on postoperative chest X-rays and clinical examinations. Conclusions: Anchoring ribs to fix the sternum with steel wire is a safe, effective, easily available, and reproducible method to fix sternal fractures or dislocations.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제27권12호
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• pp.643-651
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• 2017

Four types of high Mn TWIP(Twinning Induced Plasticity) steels were fabricated by varying the Mn and Al content, and the tensile properties were measured at various strain rates and temperatures. An examination of the tensile properties at room temperature revealed an increase in strength with increasing strain rate because mobile dislocations interacted rapidly with the dislocations in localized regions, whereas elongation and the number of serrations decreased. The strength decreased with increasing temperature, whereas the elongation increased. A martensitic transformation occurred in the 18Mn, 22Mn and 18Mn1.6Al steels tested at $-196^{\circ}C$ due to a decrease in the stacking fault energies with decreasing temperature. An examination of the tensile properties at $-196^{\circ}C$ showed that the strength of the non-Al added high Mn TWIP steels was high, whereas the elongation was low because of the martensitic transformation and brittle fracture mode. Although a martensitic transformation did not occur in the 18Mn1.9Al steel, the strength increased with decreasing temperature because many twins formed in the early stages of the tensile test and interacted rapidly with the dislocations.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.95-100
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• 2018

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcomes and complications of hook plate fixation in acromioclavicular (AC) joint dislocations and distal clavicle fractures. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed a series of 60 consecutive patients with hook plate fixation for AC joint dislocation (group I) and distal clavicle fracture (group II). Groups I and II had 39 and 21 patients, respectively. Clinical results were evaluated using the pain visual analogue scale (VAS), simple shoulder test, and Constant-Murley scores. In addition, subacromial erosion and stiffness were evaluated as complications. Results: At the removal, the pain VAS was $2.69{\pm}1.30$ and $4.10{\pm}2.14$ in groups I and II, respectively, which were significantly different (p=0.003). The simple shoulder test score was $9.59{\pm}1.60$ and $7.81{\pm}2.67$ in groups I and II, respectively, which were also significantly different (p=0.002). Subacromial erosion was significantly more frequent in group II (14/21 patients, 66.7%) than in group I (15/39 patients, 38.5%) (p=0.037), and stiffness was also higher in group II (17/21 patients, 81.0%) than in group I (22/39 patients, 56.4%), but it was not significant. Conclusions: Hook plate fixation showed good clinical and functional results for the treatment of acute unstable AC joint dislocation and distal clavicle fracture. But, in distal clavicle fractures, there are more subacromial erosion and stiffness compare with acute unstable AC joint dislocation.

• 소성∙가공
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.213-220
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• 1997

The microstructure of the inconel 690 alloy was varied by the solution treatment and the thermal treatment. The specimens having different microstructures were examined in order to understand the strengthening mechanism of the inconel 690. The level of supersaturation of carbon in the solid solution was increased by applying a longer solution treatment at 115$0^{\circ}C$. As increased carbon content in the solid solution, more carbides precipitated during the thermal treatment at $700^{\circ}C$. Since the carbides played a role of obstacle on the movement of dislocations, a higher tensile strength was obtained in the sample having a large number of carbider. The accumulation of dislocations at the grain boundary carbides caused the development of intergranular fracture which led to a lower elongation.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.265-271
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• 2021

Four patients with shoulder problems that were traumatic in etiology presented to us with delays in seeking care ranging from 6 to 12 weeks due to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) lockdown. The care of three cases (a 3-month-old neglected anterior shoulder dislocation with a greater tuberosity fracture in a 30-year old man, a 3-month-old neglected anterior shoulder dislocation in a 17-year old boy, and a 2-month-old neglected greater tuberosity fracture in a 31-year old man) was delayed due to the lockdown and the ensuing travel restrictions, while that of one case (a 6-week-old fracture-dislocation of the proximal humerus in a 55-year-old woman) was delayed because the patient was undergoing treatment for COVID-19 at the time of injury. This report intends to present the exceptional circumstances around these cases. The unique treatment challenges and their outcomes are also described to advise the surgeons of the nuances and difficulties in treating these injuries.

• 세라미스트
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.49-55
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• 2006

Intra-type alumina-based nanocomposites, in which second-phase nanoparticles are embedded within alumina grains, use dislocation activities to enhance strength and fracture toughness. The dislocations are generated around the nanoparticles by residual stresses during cooling process. In this paper, first, we explain strengthening and toughening mechanisms of alumina-based nanocomposites based on dislocation activities. Second, we propose a soaking method to construct the intra-type nanostructure and fabricate alumina/nickel and alumina/silver nanocomposites. The nanocomposites are then annealed in order to enhance the fracture toughness of the materials. Finally, we discuss the relation between the strength, fracture toughness, and critical frontal process zone size of the materials.