• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1997.07b
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• pp.663-666
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• 1997

This paper presents the development of Distributied Control System for Bookjeju fossil plant. The original analog control system for the power plants has a complex and large-scale structure in their hardware configuration and much difficulties have been experienced for maintenance due to lack of original components. This system connects three different control systems in Bookjeju fossil plant by cue network, The result shows that optimal Distributied Control System has standardization of control system, effective operation management and convenient maintenance of power plant.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.392-399
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• 1998

A full-scope replica type simulator whose MCR(main control room) has the same features and operation functions as MCR of the reference power plant has been developed for a fossil power plant. This simulator was developed with the model of Poryung Fossil Power Plant #3,4 which is the standard model of the Korean fossil power plant. It is the first localized simulator for the supercritical, variable boiler pressure type fossil power plant. The simulator provides various kinds of accidents which are in normal plant operation and thus enables operators to recover or reduce possible damages. To design and develop this kind of simulator, we need to integrate high technologies such as system analysis, plant operation and system integration of mechanics, physics, computer science. CASE(Computer Aided Software Engineering) tools were used to develop the dynamic model. This simulator will greatly contribute to the improvement of the safety and efficiency of the fossil power plant by implementing operator training. In this paper, the outline of software and hardware configuration and characteristics of the simulator are described, and the results of 30%, 50%, 75%, 100% load operation test will be discussed.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.129-139
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• 2010

Coal gasification process, which had developed originally to convert coal from hydrogen and carbon monoxide, has used and developed in many countries because of environmental advantages such as carbon dioxide storage, decrease of pollutants and so on. Generally entrained-flow gasification process using pulverized coal under $75{\mu}m$ is used in Integrated Gas Combined Cycle(IGCC) because of easy scale up and high efficiency of energy conversion. Especially entrained-flow gasifers with coal water slurry have been used in many applications due to its fully developed technologies. In this paper, several technologies for coal-water slurry gasification that involves slurry preparation, burner, gasifier, slag melting and numerical simulation for plant design and operation were investigated. Entrained-flow gasification with coal water slurry can be used for synfuel production, SNG, chemicals as well as IGCC. To develop hybrid gasification process and use different types of coal, it is necessary to develop new technologies that will increase efficiency of the process.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.144.2-144.2
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• 2005

• Air Cleaning Technology
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• v.11 no.3 s.42
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• pp.15-40
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• 1998

Recently, many environmental problems have been reported, which are caused by the utilization of fossil fuel. Eepecially, carbon dioxide from fossil fuel combustion is thought to be a main source of the global warming which affects the global environment.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.799-814
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• 2010

This study aimed at developing a set of question cards for fostering deep understanding and encouraging reasoning about fossils and analyze the characteristics of visitors' communication depending on whether to use the question cards in a fossil gallery. Through several steps, a card set consisted of nine generic questions about fossil exhibitions and guidance for using question cards were developed. Data related to visitors' communications were collected from 18 peer groups (from 5th to 9th grade) visiting the fossil gallery of Gwacheon National Science Museum. Visiting groups' interactions were videotape recorded and transcribed. 'Holding time,' the types of 'actions,' and the types of 'conversation' were analysed. Visitors' actions were divided into three categories: ‘look’, 'speech', and 'motion.' Furthermore, visitors' conversations categorized as 'speech' were subdivided into four patterns: 'enumerative,' 'consensual,' 'responsive,' and 'argumentative.' Using the question cards contributes to increase holding time and most of the visiting actions. Most of the conversation patterns also increased except the responsive pattern. In conclusion, using question cards in a fossil gallery could facilitate concentrated and meaningful visits by enhancing active verbal and non-verbal communications between exhibit and visitor or among visitors, encouraging visitors' reasoning about exhibits, and guiding visitors what and how to focus on exhibits.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.67-79
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• 2008

Global warming, which is one of the most serious challenges, has been the subject of intense debate and concern for many scientists, policy-makers, and citizens for at least the past decade. To protect the health and economic well-being of current and future generations, we must reduce our emissions like carbon dioxide. Alternatives to achieve an energy future without serious global warming are to change to clean and renewable sources of energy like the wind, the sun lights, rivers, the biomass, hydrogen, and oceans. To identify some of the key and new environmental impacts associated with renewable energy and hydrogen energy, we set up the new conceptual methodology. Specifically, new identified environmental and health impacts are related with the usage of hydrogen energy. When comparing with fossil fuel, the renewable energies can reduce the release of carbon dioxide when they are used except hydrogen produced from fossil fuel. However, all renewable energy technologies are not appropriate to all applications or locations. Our results suggest that all of alternatives to replace fossil fuel can release the several global and local impacts although they seems to be smaller than the impacts from fossil fuel. Therefore, the quantitative and detail analysis to assess environmental impacts of the alternative energies might be useful to make our decision for the future energy against the global warming.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2010.06a
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• pp.153-153
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• 2010

The world is moving towards a post-carbon society and needs clean and renewable energy for sustainable development. There are many methodological approaches which are helping this shift based on analyzed data about energy resources and which focus on limited types of energy including liquid fossil, solid fossil, gaseous fossil, and biomass (e.g. IPCC Guidelines, ISO 14064-1, WRI Protocol, etc.). We should also consider environmental impact (e.g. greenhouse gas emissions, water use, etc.) and the economic cost of the renewable energy to make a better decision. Recently, researchers have addressed the environmental impact of new technologies which include photovoltaics, wind turbines, hydroelectric power, and biofuel. In this work, we analyze the environmental impact with a carbon emission factor to present a correlation between $CO_2$ emission and the cost of energy resources standardized by the energy output. In addition, we reviewed Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) as another methodology. Researchers who are studying energy systems have ignored the impacts of entire energy systems, e.g. the extraction and processing of fossil fuels. In power sector, the assessment should include extraction, processing, and transportation of fuels, building of power plants, production of electricity, and waste disposal. Therefore LCA could be more suitable tool for energy cost and environmental impact estimation.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.329-365
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• 2013

The purpose of this paper is to measure economy and environment efficiencies under fossil fuel and environment regulation by countries for 2000-2009. Distinguishing 83 countries with three groups of OECD, upper-middle, and low countries, we compare four models such as environment oriented, economy-oriented, environment-economy oriented, and two-stage types, which include a desirable output, GDP and an undesirable output, pollutant together in the production possibility set. OECD countries relatively showed high economy efficiency and low environment efficiency, whereas Non-OECD countries showed high environment efficiency and low economy efficiency. OECD countries reported a higher possibility to reduce fossil fuel and $CO_2$ emission.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.402-410
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• 2003

When the bivalve fossil microstructure is observed on a thin section, the growth lines of the older specimens are mostly erased by calcite recrystallization while those of the younger are well preserved in detail. During the fossil diagenesis, the shells tend to darken gradually since the valve-forming component Ca$^{2+}$ is the replaced by the surrounding materials Fe$^{2+}$, Mg$^{2+}$, and Mn$^{2+}$. Therefore, the metallic ratio against Ca component in fossil was increased during diagenesis. The UV-Visible spectrophotometry analysis shows that the reflecting degree is low level in Cretaceous bivalve fossils in contrast to the Tertiary and Recent ones. This result suggests that the dark color in older bivalve fossils is affected by the replacement of the metal ions.