• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제71권4호
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• pp.433-444
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• 2019

Shear studs are often used to connect steel girders and concrete deck to form a composite bridge system. The application of precast concrete deck to steel-concrete composite bridges can improve the strength of decks and reduce the shrinkage and creep effect on the long-term behavior of structures. How to ensure the connection between steel girders and concrete deck directly influences the composite behavior between steel girder and precast concrete deck as well as the behavior of the structure system. Compared with traditional multi-I girder systems, a twin-I girder composite bridge system is more simplified but may lead to additional requirements on the shear studs connecting steel girders and decks due to the larger girder spacing. Up to date, only very limited quantity of researches has been conducted regarding the behavior of shear studs on twin-I girder bridge systems. One convenient way for steel composite bridge system is to cast concrete deck in place with shear studs uniformly-distributed along the span direction. For steel composite bridge system using precast concrete deck, voids are included in the precast concrete deck segments, and they are casted with cast-in-place concrete after the concrete segments are erected. In this paper, several sets of push-out tests are conducted, which are used to investigate the heavier of shear studs within the voids in the precast concrete deck. The test data are analyzed and compared with those from finite element models. A simplified shear stud model is proposed using a beam element instead of solid elements. It is used in the finite element model analyses of the twin-I girder composite bridge system to relieve the computational efforts of the shear studs. Additionally, a parametric study is developed to find the effects of void size, void spacing, and shear stud diameter and spacing. Finally, the recommendations are given for the design of precast deck using void for twin I-girder bridge systems.

• 기록학연구
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• 제45호
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• pp.5-50
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• 2015

ICA는 소규모 기록관을 지원하기 위해 2010년 웹 기반의 기록물 기술 소프트웨어인 AtoM 공개버전을 무료로 배포했다. AtoM 프로젝트의 목적은 단일기관, 혹은 복수의 기관이 웹을 통해 ICA 기술표준에 따라 기록물을 기술하고 온라인을 통해 접근을 제공하는 것이다. 기술적 전문성을 공유함으로써 실무경험을 촉진하고 사용자와 개발자들의 활발한 커뮤니티를 조성하는 것이 AtoM 프로젝트의 가치라 할 수 있다. 최근 국내 기록관리 분야에 오픈소스 소프트웨어에 대한 관심이 커지고 있다. 이러한 관심은 비용절감 외에도 기술종속성을 탈피하고 실무에서의 요구사항을 스스로 해결하려는 측면이 있다. 이 연구는 AtoM 시스템 구축을 위한 범용의 실제적 방법론이 없다는 데 문제의식을 가지고 있다. AtoM을 그대로 사용할 때에도 기존 데이터의 마이그레이션이나 사용자 인터페이스를 개선하는 등의 기본 작업이 반드시 필요하다. 따라서 본고에서는 AtoM 소프트웨어를 기반으로 아카이브 시스템을 구축하고 커스터마이징하기 위한 절차와 방법론을 제시하였다.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제25권10호
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• pp.1337-1344
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• 2021

본 논문에서는 개발자에게 다목적의 대화형 교육용 게임 개발을 지원하는 DGBL(Digital Game-based Learning) 기반의 교육용 게임 설계 과정을 제시하였다. DGBL은 분석, 디자인, 개발, 품질 보증 및 구현 평가 이렇게 다섯 단계로 구성되는데, 본 논문에서는 DGBL 기반의 게임 설계 과정에 포함되는 분석과 디자인 단계에 대해서만 초점을 맞추어 세부 기술을 다루었다. 먼저 첫번째 단계인 게임 분석 과정에서는 요구사항 수집, 게임 아이디어 및 학습 목표를 설정하게 되고, 두번째 단계인 게임 디자인 과정에서는 게임 구조 정립과 데이터베이스 스키마를 정의하게 된다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 DGBL 기반의 교육용 게임의 분석과 디자인 단계에 대한 접근 사례 연구로서 신입생을 위한 강사 소개 게임을 예로 들어 그 분석 과정을 제시하고, 스토리보드 형태로 디자인한 결과를 제시하였다.

• 대한건축학회논문집:계획계
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• 제35권10호
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• pp.115-126
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• 2019

Existing buildings in urban parks are a kind of thing that has been settled and occupied on the site of an unexecuted park. The aim of this study is to identify nature by analyzing the causality and path-dependency through the transformation of the relevant system. The scope of the study was set up as a system for the occupancy of urban parks from 1934 when the building restriction system was established to 2000 when purchase claim (매수청구권) was introduced. The method of study was to get correlation by harmonizing the external and internal mechanisms affecting the relevant institution. The related system showed a modest change in the fourth stage, polymerizing the initial system. In the 1950s and 1960s, the existing buildings in urban parks were 'disguised' by government and the 'regulation' principle was applied since 1967. In the 1980s, the principle of 'protection' and 'support' for parks was added, but in the 1990s, the principle of regulation began to be lifted as the long-term unexecuted urban park (장기미집행 도시공원) problem continued for more than 60 years. Although the public concept of land ownership (토지공개념) has worked strongly for nearly 30 years since 1960, the system has developed into a form of deregulation since 1980. The nature of the relevant institution is first, dependent on the higher-level system and vertical. Second, it implies a conflict of restrictions and acceptance. Third, it is a temporary measure of the park problem. Therefore, the relevant system has long been enhancing the encroachment requirements on urban parks, so fundamental readjustment is needed in the future.

• 대한건축학회논문집:계획계
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.31-38
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to compare between professionalism in medical field(doctor) and architectural design field(architect) in Korea through synchronic and diachronic analysis, with basic requirement of expertise and systemicity, attitude requirement of the publicness, and structural requirement of exclusiveness and autonomy. The medical professionalism adapted by Korean government in the early period of modernization evolved from Western's professional expertise is highly divided as economy grew and society changed. In comparison, architecture was divided into architecture, urbanism, landscape, and interior architecture. Additionally, architectural field was subdivided with architectural design, engineering, construction, structure, and facilities, but architectural design focused on generalized education and practice system. From the systematical point of view, architectural design field has changed profoundly from architectural engineering as 5 year undergraduate educational system was introduced with Korean architectural accreditation. The publicness is approved through health service in medical field and safety and the public domain in architectural design field, but in reality the professionals are viewed as economic interest groups. Hence, the professionalism in both fields is required to reinforce ideology and ethics, and to practice concrete measures for publicness. Compared with the unified organization of medical field, architectural design professionalism faces various difficulties in unifying the organization, such as internal competition caused by tightened architect's requirements, along with external problems from architectural design permission demands of construction companies. In medical and architectural design professionalism, with the appearance of consumerism and stricter governmental regulations, the autonomy is weakened. From the result of comparative analysis, Korean medical field became extremely subdivided and specialized in each department, therefore integration of each disease and establishment of centers are proposed as solutions. By contrast, the reinforcement of expertise in architectural design professionalism might be necessary to strengthen autonomy caused by governmental restriction, and to form architectural culture and secure public architecture.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.392-398
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• 2021

In this study, we determined the effect of 24 different synthetic 4-benzylpiperidine carboxamides on the reuptake of serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine (DA), and characterized their structure-activity relationship. The compounds with a two-carbon linker inhibited DA reuptake with much higher potency than those with a three-carbon linker. Among the aromatic ring substituents, biphenyl and diphenyl groups played a critical role in determining the selectivity of the 4-benzylpiperidine carboxamides toward the serotonin transporter (SERT) and dopamine transporter (DAT), respectively. Compounds with a 2-naphthyl ring were found to exhibit a higher degree of inhibition on the norepinephrine transporter (NET) and SERT than those with a 1-naphthyl ring. A docking simulation using a triple reuptake inhibitor 8k and a serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor 7j showed that the regions spanning transmembrane domain (TM)1, TM3, and TM6 form the ligand binding pocket. The compound 8k bound tightly to the binding pocket of all three monoamine reuptake transporters; however, 7j showed poor docking with DAT. Co-expression of DAT with the dopamine D₂ receptor (D₂R) significantly inhibited DA-induced endocytosis of D₂R probably by reuptaking DA into the cells. Pretreatment of the cells with 8f, which is one of the compounds with good inhibitory activity on DAT, blocked DAT-induced inhibition of D₂R endocytosis. In summary, this study identified critical structural features contributing to the selectivity of a molecule for each of the monoamine transporters, critical residues on the compounds that bound to the transporters, and the functional role of a DA reuptake inhibitor in regulating D₂R function.

• 정보보호학회논문지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.129-141
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• 2006

본 논문은 BioAPI(Biometric Application Programming Interface) v2.0 기반의 BSP(Biometric Service Provider) 표준 적합성 시험 도구의 설계 및 구현을 목적으로 한다. 제안한 BioAPI 적합성 시험 도구는 프레임워크(Framework) 없이 독립적으로 BSP를 시험할 수 있으며, 향후 XML 형태의 Test Assertion을 이용할 수 있도록 테스트 스케줄링 툴을 구현하였다. 또한 적합성시험 도구를 검증하기 위해 상용 지문 인식 검증(verification) 및 식별(identification) BSP를 이용하여 실험을 수행하였다. 이에 따라 BioAPI v2.0을 기반으로 한 BSP들이 요구사항에 적합하게 개발되었는지를 판단 할 수 있었다.

• 한국정보기술학회논문지
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.129-136
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• 2019

센서 등 많은 IoT 디바이스들은 화면출력 및 입력장치 등이 결여된 경우가 많아 개인정보보호법이나 GDPR 등에서 요구하는 개인정보수집 동의 절차를 만족시키기 어려워, 해당 비즈니스 분야 발전에 법적인 걸림돌로 작용하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 법적인 요건을 만족하는 IoT 시스템에서의 개인정보수집 동의 절차를 설계한다. 설계된 방식에서는 먼저 사용자의 개인정보가 암호화된 상태로 수집되며, 이후 데이터 수집 서버와 사용자 에이전트 사이에 개인정보 수집을 기반으로 연관을 맺음으로서 암호화된 내용을 복호화 한다. 이러한 연관 동의 과정에서 사용자 에이전트는 데이터 수집 서버의 개인정보수집 약관 등을 이해하고 복호화키를 제공한다. IoT 시스템에서의 이러한 방식의 개인정보수집 동의 절차는 GDPR 등의 법령에서 정하는 투명성, 자율성 등의 요건을 만족함으로서 개인정보를 취급하는 IoT 비지니스 분야의 발전에 크게 기여할 것으로 판단된다.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.250-260
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• 2022

Mobile Banking Applications (MBAPs) is one of the recent fads in mobile trading applications (Apps). MBAPs permit users to execute exchanges of money and many more whenever it might suit them; however, the primary issue for mobile banking Apps is usability. Hardly any investigation analyzes usability issues dependent on user's age, gender, exchanging accomplices, or experience. The purpose of this study is to determine the degree of usability issues, and experience of mobile banking users. The survey employs a quantitative method and performs user experiment on 240 participants with six different tasks on the application's interface. The post experiment survey is done with concerning participants. On the other hand, banking experts and Information Technology (IT) expert's group is also involved after the experiment. Expert's opinions about existing mobile banking Apps and suggestions for improving usability of MBAPs are collected through physical means (like questionnaire and interview) and online means like Google form. After that comparison of the opinions of users and experts about MBAPs is performed. The experimentation measures the tasks usability of various mobile banking apps with respect to its effectiveness, efficiency, trustfulness, learnability, memorability and satisfaction. The usability testing was led at different Universities and the outcomes acquired show that there are privacy and trust issues with their mobile banking apps. There is also a gap between users and experts which should be minimized by applying customized usability models, modes concept like other application software and also by adding complete features of banking in MBAPs. It will benefit mobile banking apps users, developers and usability engineers by providing user-friendly which are up to the mark of user's requirements.

• 한국전자통신학회논문지
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.1279-1286
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• 2021

본 연구는 주차장 검색 및 사전예약서비스가 가능한 스마트 주차서비스에 대한 것으로, 요금(예약요금, 위약금) 등과 관련된 사용자의 선호선택 모형에 관한 연구이다. 스마트 주차서비스에 대한 응답설문을 구성하여 로짓 모형형태의 사용자 선호도 모형을 두 가지를 구축하였다. 첫 번째는 스마트주차장을 선택하는 모형으로 이용요금과 비용과의 관계에서 일반 주차장보다 선택확률이 높아지는 상황을 제시하였다. 두 번째는 주차권 예약할인 선택모형으로 예약금액과 위약금과의 관계 모형을 통하여 스마트주차서비스 선택확률을 분석하였다. 사용자의 선호도를 고려한 정교하고 다양한 형태의 스마트 주차서비스가 가능한 설계 요구사항으로 활용이 가능할 것으로 판단된다.